Agrotechnics for growing both species and varietal five-leaf springs ( Kuril tea) is monotonous and successfully used by amateur gardeners.

The distance between plants is 60 - 80 cm. Planting depth is 50 - 60 cm. The root system is superficial, but individual roots penetrate to a depth of 80 cm. The root neck is at ground level.

The soil consists of leafy earth, humus, sand (2:2:1). Tolerates high carbonate content, can grow on calcareous soils. Drainage is required, with a layer of 20 cm of broken brick or river pebbles.

Not varietal Pyatilistochnik propagated by seeds. Kuril tea seeds are sown in the spring without pre-training and lightly mulch with sifted leafy soil. As a substrate, sifted leafy soil is also used. Shoots of Kuril tea are very small and tender. The height of one-year-old seedlings is 3-5 cm, two-year-old - 10-12 cm.

Varietal plants of Kuril tea are best propagated vegetatively: green and lignified cuttings, layering, root offspring, dividing the bushes. When cuttings are taken in June, in the year of rooting, a plant 30–35 cm high grows from the cutting, the length of the root system is 23–27 cm. Such Kuril tea plants are already suitable for planting in a permanent place in the garden. The rooting rate of Kuril tea is very high and there are problems with vegetative propagation(cuttings, offspring, etc.) will not.

Kuril tea care

Care for Kuril tea consists of feeding, watering, loosening and mulching.

Complete mineral fertilizer under Kuril tea they bring in the spring and when planting at the rate of 100 - 150 g per square meter. m. Before flowering give phosphate and potash fertilizers.

Kuril tea long time can do without watering. Feels bad in dry air. It is recommended to water Kuril tea plants 3 times a season in hot and dry summers and spray them in the evening so as not to damage the flowers. Irrigation rate 10 - 12 liters per plant.

It is necessary to loosen the soil around Kuril tea to a depth of 5–10 cm when compacting the soil and removing weeds.

Kuril tea must be mulched with earth 3–5 cm after planting in order to keep the soil from drying out longer. You can cut the shoots of Kuril tea once every 3-4 years in the second half of April by 8-10 cm to make the bush compact. In autumn, if necessary, the bushes of Kuril tea are also molded, in September the shoots are cut to 1/3 of their length.

Protection from pests and diseases

Kuril tea is rarely affected by diseases and pests. Rust occurs. Treatment of Kuril tea plants in the form foliar feeding trace elements (boron, manganese), as well as spraying with cineb (0.4%), sulfur (0.2%) or copper-soapy liquid.

Preparing Kuril tea for winter

Decorative forms of Kuril tea are mostly winter-hardy, only in harsh winters the ends of annual shoots freeze slightly. They are cut off. At the same time, Kuril tea plants do not lose their decorative effect. With age and due to top dressing, the frost resistance of Kuril tea increases.

The middle of summer is a hot time for harvesting strawberries (garden strawberries). It would seem that after collecting these delicious berries, you can forget about caring for strawberry bushes until the next season, that is, until spring. However, this opinion is erroneous, because already this year after fruiting on garden strawberries flower buds of the next year's crop begin to form. Therefore, after picking berries, strawberries should be properly looked after. How to water and how to feed strawberries after fruiting in July, August and September, we recommend that you study in our article.

Care for strawberries in July after fruiting

After harvesting, strawberry care includes the following procedures:

• regular watering;
• weeding;
• loosening and hilling;
• top dressing;
• removal of mustaches and dried leaves.

Weeding and loosening

After fruiting, strawberry beds should first be freed from weeds. If the soil has been covered with mulch, it is removed, as pests and diseases can accumulate in old straw or sawdust.

In order for air to enter the roots, the soil around the bushes must be loosened. This should be done carefully to avoid damaging the roots.

After weeding and loosening, strawberries are watered and spudded, covering new growing roots with soil. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the heart of the plant is not covered with earth.

Watering strawberries in July

Many gardeners are interested in - Should strawberries be watered in July?. Irrigation is a must. The frequency and abundance of watering depends on the weather. in dry and warm weather strawberries in July are watered at least once every 5-7 days. If it’s cool outside and it’s raining, you don’t need to water the strawberry beds.

Attention! The soil must not be allowed to dry out. In the absence of precipitation in warm weather, use approximately two buckets of water for each square meter beds.

Pruning mustache and leaves

About 2-3 days after harvesting, remove old dried leaves from the strawberry bushes, as well as those that have red, red or white spots. These are dying leaves that take food from the plant. They should be removed with secateurs or sharp scissors.

Along with the leaves, unnecessary strawberry mustaches are also removed. For reproduction, you can leave the most productive and strong outlet, which is located immediately at the mother plant.

Attention! When removing leaves and whiskers, be careful not to damage the hearts and new leaves.

Old foliage is often infected with various diseases and pests, so be sure to remove it.

How to feed strawberries after fruiting

In July, after pruning leaves and whiskers on strawberry bushes, plants need nitrogen, which will stimulate the growth of new foliage. Can choose:

1. Nitrammofoska or nitrophoska. Any of the fertilizers is diluted at the rate of 1-2 tbsp. spoons per 10 liters of water. If you are using only nitrophoska, add a glass to the solution wood ash which contains many trace elements.
2. Ammophosku. The fertilizer contains a large number of trace elements. From it you can prepare a solution (for 10 liters of water - Matchbox top dressing) or use dry. Dry fertilizer is scattered around strawberry bushes at the rate of 20 grams (matchbox) per 1 sq. meter plantings, after which the beds are watered.

In the second half of July - early August, mullein or bird droppings will be a good top dressing for strawberries. AT fresh they can not be applied, as you can burn the roots of plants. It is recommended to use solutions:

• chicken manure diluted 1:15 and water the bushes with it so that the solution does not fall on the foliage;
• mullein diluted 1:10, insist for a day and use as directed.

Chicken manure and mullein can be enriched with mineral fertilizers by adding wood ash to the solution (10 liters - 1 liter of ash).

Attention! Strawberries do not like chlorine, so potassium chloride and other fertilizers containing this element cannot be applied to strawberries. Otherwise, the plants will grow and bear fruit worse.

Caring for strawberries in August

watering

The last month of summer is often hot, so be sure to water your strawberry beds about twice a week. If the foliage begins to dry out and wilt, the plants do not have enough moisture.

Around mid-August, the soil around the strawberries can be covered with mulch. Pre-beds are watered abundantly (15 liters of water per 1 sq. M). Humus can be used as mulch, spreading it out in a layer of 2-3 cm. Such mulch will become a good top dressing and at the same time protect the soil from drying out. Strawberries can be watered less often.

Soil and bush tillage

Do not forget to remove weed grass from strawberry beds in a timely manner, which not only prevents strawberries from growing, but also takes food from the soil.

If the leaves on the strawberries are still drying and turning yellow, keep cutting them off. Each bush should have at least 3-4 healthy young leaves.

Cut off the newly appeared mustache, and transplant those left for reproduction to a new bed.

How to feed strawberries in August

AT last month summer is not necessary for foliage to actively grow, therefore, fertilizers containing a large amount of nitrogen are not used.

If you did not feed strawberries with mullein or bird droppings in July, do it in August. Dilute bird droppings 1:20, and mullein - 1:10. One watering can (10 liters) will be enough to feed 12 bushes.

In August, strawberries are recommended to be fed with potassium and phosphorus. These elements are part of the Fasco fertilizer. Especially for strawberries, fertilizers Agricola, Ryazanochka, Rubin are produced, which are used according to the instructions attached to them.

After watering and top dressing, do not forget to carefully loosen and spud strawberry bushes.

Pest and disease treatment

Be sure to carry out preventive treatment of strawberries from various pests and diseases. To do this, water the soil with a weak solution of manganese and spray the foliage.

Strawberry leaves should be inspected regularly:

1. Brown spots on leaves may be a sign viral diseases. Treat the plantings with a Bordeaux mixture.
2. Damage to young leaves often indicates that strawberry patch an earthen mite has sprung up. Use Actellik, a solution of colloidal sulfur or Titovia Jet to destroy it.
3. If even before the harvest the berries rot Perhaps the plants are affected by the fungus. When all the berries are harvested, the foliage should be sprayed with a solution of copper oxychloride.

September strawberry care

In the first month of autumn, strawberries are prepared for wintering. If after harvesting the care of the strawberries was correct, flowers will still form on the plants. They should be cut off, as there will be no more berries, and flowering will take away the strength of the plant. You also need to cut off new mustaches and withered foliage.

Should strawberries be watered in autumn?

If the weather is dry, strawberry beds in September are watered 1-2 times a month. About 10 liters of water are consumed per square meter. Since it is already cool in autumn, frequent watering can lead to the development of fungal diseases. Therefore, it is better to water strawberries rarely, but plentifully.

Before sheltering plantings in October, water-charging irrigation is carried out.

How to feed strawberries in September

To survive the cold winter, plants need strength, for which they are fed with phosphate fertilizers. You can use superphosphate (50 grams) and wood ash (1 cup), which are diluted in a bucket of water.

Plants before winter can be "warmed" using top dressing from cow dung or chicken manure:

• cow dung diluted in water (1:10), add wood ash (1 cup) and pour one and a half liters under each plant;
• chicken manure diluted in water 1:15, after which each bush is fed with a liter of solution.

Mulching

In September, the soil on the strawberry bed is covered with mulch (if this was not done in August). As mulch, you can use dry chopped grass, needles, straw, leaf humus, sawdust. The layer of mulch should be about 5 cm.

You can cover the soil under the plants with a spandboard.

Shelter for the winter

Shelter of strawberries for the winter with straw and spruce branches

Only weakened plants that have not received the necessary nutrition need additional shelter for the winter. Bushes cover at a temperature of about -3 degrees and dry weather. In this case, the covering material will remain dry. For shelter, you can use dry potato tops, leaves, spruce branches, straw, raspberry branches.

When to cover strawberries for the winter depends on the climate of the region. It could be October or November when light frosts set in.

If, when caring for strawberries after fruiting in July, August and September, all activities were carried out, next year strawberries will thank their owners with a good harvest.

In the people, this plant is commonly called shrub cinquefoil. It has been known for a very long time, even in ancient times, folk healers of the East used Kuril tea as one of the important components for cooking many medicinal infusions and decoctions. Today, gardeners grow it on their plots, not only to get delicious medicinal tea, but also for decorating flower beds and rock gardens. Potentilla flowers are beautiful, sprawling bushes, depending on the variety, they reach a height of up to one and a half meters. Planting and caring for a plant open field are not difficult even for beginner gardeners.

Description popular varieties and varieties of cinquefoil

Many centuries have passed since the first time this plant was discovered, and people learned about its beauty and healing properties. Thanks to the work of breeders, new varieties and hybrids of Kuril tea have appeared. In the photo you will see all the variety of these varieties: multi-colored shades of petals, the height of the bushes varies from undersized plants to large specimens, the leaves also have a different size and tone of color.

Experienced gardeners and landscape designers skillfully combine decorative qualities cinquefoil with other plants in the garden, achieving harmony with surrounding nature and the emotional effect that the sight of a flower garden with a five-leaf plant produces on people.

• Kuril tea (ordinary) - a shrub up to 1 meter high, has many branches with a dense spherical crown up to one and a half meters in diameter, yellow flower petals, up to 3 cm in diameter, single or racemose. The beginning of flowering is June, the end is August. AT wild nature grows on rocky mountain slopes, in the garden it takes root well on alpine hills.

Kuril tea (ordinary)

• Abbotswood is a bush of medium height, up to 1 meter, snow-white flowers, a small crown, a little more than one meter in diameter. It blooms all summer and part of autumn, until October.

Abbotswood

• Pretty Poly - low-growing variety (up to 60 cm), early-flowering (first buds bloom in May), flowers are delicate color pink medium size, spreading branches, compacted crown, small.

Pretty Poly

• Princess - an early-flowering variety, up to 80 cm high, pink flowers, dense crown, almost even on top.

A princess

• Goldteppich - flowers are large, bright yellow in color, the shrub itself almost spreads along the ground, reaching a height of 50 to 70 cm, a long-flowering variety (May - October).

Goldteppich

Planting Potentilla in open ground and caring for the plant

Gardeners who have been growing Kuril tea for more than a year know many of the nuances of planting this plant, the dependence of its growth on the place, the nature of the soil, and the time of planting. Novice growers should be guided by the description of each variety indicated on the packaging of planting material, but some general agrotechnical requirements must be met for all species, these include the following:

• the landing site should be sufficiently well lit;
• the soil is recommended light, fertilized;
• planting should be done in the morning or evening hours;
• to prepare the soil, you need to use a substrate from fertile land, sand and humus;
• between plants it is necessary to leave enough space, depending on the variety;
• pits in size should exceed the size of the root ball with the ground.

When to fertilize

It is not difficult to care for such a plant, like all such plantings, Potentilla requires a little:

1. Regular watering, especially in hot weather.
2. Top dressing in spring, during the period of active flowering and in autumn. Usually, mineral fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium are used, in autumn time nitrogen compounds are added.
3. Pruning is done constantly, during the entire vegetative period.

Trim regularly

In open ground, cinquefoil takes root excellently, if the listed growing conditions are observed and regular care behind the plant (watering + fertilizer).

Plant propagation methods

Kuril tea is propagated in different ways: by seeds, cuttings, layering or dividing the bush. We will briefly describe them, starting with the most difficult.

Reproduction by seeds

It is necessary to collect seeds on your own, from existing plants, as they ripen, in September or October. In early spring, seeds are sown to obtain seedlings in special containers with a fertile substrate, after the appearance of the first true leaf, they are planted in separate pots, and with the arrival warm days seedlings are moved to open ground.

cuttings

Cuttings may be green or already lignified. Young green branches are cut into pieces 9-12 cm long, leaving 2 leaf buds, upper and lower. The lower part of the cutting is added dropwise, and half of the leaf is removed on the upper part. Planting should be done within 2 days so that the seedlings do not dry out. Then you should water and lightly mulch the soil. You can plant 3 plants in one hole, then separate them.

A stalk of Kuril tea

Lignified cuttings are harvested in autumn and stored all winter in a cool place, in early spring they are transplanted into fertilized soil in open ground.

Reproduction by dividing the bush

This is one of the most simple ways breeding Kuril tea. An adult bush with a powerful root system and many branches is divided into parts, 3-4 branches each, and planted at a distance from each other, observing all agrotechnical requirements.

Attention! Such a division is possible only for bushes aged 4 to 6 years, when the plant acquires a sufficient number of root suckers and upper shoots.

How to deal with diseases and pests of Kuril tea

Potentilla is not very susceptible to diseases, but sometimes, if regular preventive treatment of the plant is not carried out, it can be affected by powdery mildew, rust, or leaf spot. On the garden plots, in city parks and flower beds at the beginning of the season, that is, in spring, plants are sprayed chemicals from diseases and pests: solution blue vitriol or fungicide.

Advice. Young bushes, diseased powdery mildew in the first year of planting, it is necessary to remove from the site, and the plants located nearby should be treated with the above means.

Kuril tea is rarely attacked by pests, but if this happens, preparations containing substances with a pungent odor will help to scare them away: solution ammonia, garlic tinctures, decoctions of tomato tops.

Kuril tea - medicinal plant

Kuril tea in household plots is grown not only as a medicinal plant, but also used natural beauty in combination with all kinds of plants.

Kuril tea looks really colorful, gives a lot of pleasure, pleases the eye with grace, and at the same time with its pristine beauty.

Shrubs for the garden: video

More often than others in landscaping, there is Kuril shrub tea (Pentaphylloides fruticosa). This is a low, up to 1.5 m tall, shrub with a beautiful dense crown and small feathery pubescent leaves.

Differs in long (from June to mid-autumn) flowering. Simple yellow flowers look spectacular, similar to Potentilla flowers. There are varieties with larger flowers of a different color. But they are less winter hardy. Kuril tea is undemanding to soils, drought-resistant, winter-hardy. It does not require special pruning, while it easily tolerates a haircut and rejuvenation “on the stump”. It is convenient to propagate it by summer cuttings.

There are many varieties of Kuril tea with yellow flowers. All are good. But if you're looking for variety, take a look at Abbotswood with white flowers, Princess with pink flowers and Red Ace with red flowers.

What ordinary Kuril tea looks like, look at the photo below:

Description and application of Kuril tea

Kuril tea (shrub cinquefoil) is a specimen well known for its healing as well as decorative qualities. Other names are also used among the people - “goose cinquefoil”, “mighty”.

If we talk about the description of Kuril tea, then we can distinguish several characteristic features of this representative of the plant world:

1. It is an upright, highly branched shrub belonging to the Rosaceae family. The height depends on the variety, the place of growth.
2. The leaves have a complex shape (each element consists of 5-7 miniature leaves), covered with fluffy hairs.
3. The flowers of the most common variety are rich yellow. In their center there are about 3 dozen stamens, which give splendor to the inflorescences. There are also samples with pink, white, scarlet buds. Flowering is long, lasts almost all summer.
4. Bushes bear fruit with small nuts.

Kuril tea is a shrub that is actively used in decorative design. household plots. Landscape designers use it as monoplants or as part of intricate group compositions. It is effective in low living fences, rock gardens, looks advantageous both against the background of a green lawn and on stones.

The taste of cinquefoil is not very different from ordinary tea, so a fragrant, tonic drink is often prepared from it. It perfectly quenches thirst, activates physical, mental activity.

Growing Kuril tea is relevant for alternative medicine - it boasts the richest composition. The plant contains flavonoids, tannin, catechin, saponins. There is a whole range of useful trace elements (Ca, Mg, K, Fe, etc.), vitamins C, P, as well as essential oils and resins. Indications for use can serve as:

• pathologies of the digestive organs - alimentary poisoning, dysentery, dysbacteriosis, constipation;
• gynecological, hematological diseases - uterine hemorrhages, anemia;
• metabolic disorders, endocrine ailments - diabetes, obesity;
• neurological and mental disorders - neurosis, insomnia, depression;
• dermatological pathologies - ulcers, abscesses;
• inflammatory processes of the oral cavity, throat - stomatitis, tonsillitis.

The immunostimulating activity of Kuril tea has been proven, therefore it is advisable to take it during epidemics of influenza, SARS. Infusions, decoctions (for oral use), lotions (for external application) are made from the plant.

Despite all the positive properties of such tea, not everyone and not always can drink it. Among the contraindications, it is worth mentioning infancy, pregnancy, allergies, serious problems with the kidneys, hypotension, etc. Before use, it is necessary to consult a phytotherapeutist, be sure to discuss with him acceptable treatment options, the possibility of using one or another variety.

Varieties of Kuril tea: photo and description of shrubs

Many varieties of Kuril tea are cultivated, each of them has its own characteristics. Collectors, designers and gardening enthusiasts prefer the following patterns:

Kuril tea "Snowbird"

Bushes 0.7 m high, with a crown diameter of 1 m. The leaves are pale green. The flowers are large (3-4 cm), white with a creamy tint. Flowering occurs from mid-summer, continues until September.

Kuril tea "Abbotswood"

Neat specimens up to 0.75 m high. The flowers are very decorative, numerous, snow-white. Flowering is long - from the second half of summer to early autumn.

Kuril tea "Pink Queen"

Height up to 0.8 m, diameter 1.5 m. Blooms from June to September. The color of the buds is all shades of pink. The plant is frost resistant.

Kuril tea "Tangerine"

Very beautiful, medium-sized bush. Inflorescences are distinguished by a rich bronze-yellow color.

Kuril tea "Klondike"

Early flowering (May-August) bushes 1 m high, 1.3 m in diameter. Light green leaves bloom in early spring, which then turn dark green. Very winter hardy.

Most of the varieties are bred in England, the Netherlands, Ireland - in the course of complex selection.

After reading the description of Kuril tea, look at the photo of its varieties:

Methods of propagation of Kuril tea

So that the plant performs decorative functions and can be of high quality medicinal raw material, it is necessary to ensure the cultivation and care of Kuril tea in accordance with all the rules. Breeding a cinquefoil involves several traditional ways. The simplest is cuttings. Gardeners like to use this method, because it is not associated with intricate tricks, it is suitable for large-scale reproduction.

Two types of shoots are harvested - how to grow Kuril tea with their help is explained further:

1. green cuttings - between the moment of cutting and planting should not pass more than 2 days. The length of the shoot with leaf nodes is from 9 to 12 cm. The lower sheets are eliminated, the upper ones are cut in half. Treatment with drugs that stimulate root formation is shown. The material is planted in a prepared, drained substrate, under a film or glass.
2. lignified cuttings - mature, leafless shoots harvested in autumn, winter or spring are used. The cuttings are well tolerated long-term storage, transportation. The length of the shoot is from 5 to 12 cm. They are planted in a greenhouse.

It will be useful for beginner gardeners to know how to plant Kuril tea with seeds. They start collecting grains in August-September, sow them in a greenhouse. The seeds are placed in the soil superficially, without deepening, only slightly sprinkling the substrate on top. Ascended seedlings protect from the bright sun, gently harden. Seedlings are transferred to "free" soil only after 3 years.

It is possible to reproduce Kuril tea by layering - horizontal or vertical. In the spring, the shoot is pinched with wire at the very base, shallow notches are made for more successful rooting. The branch is bent to the soil, fixed with a metal bracket, sprinkled with soil, spud.

The division of mature bushes is another elementary and effective technology with which Kuril tea is bred. Planting in this way is allowed when there is access to an adult, 5-6-year-old bush. It is his root apparatus that is divided into several full-fledged sections and then planted in holes. As a result of the manipulation, from 2 to 6 new copies are obtained.

Planting bushy Kuril tea

If we talk about the average climatic zone of the country, then planting in a permanent place in the 2nd half of April or in autumn is optimal for Kuril tea shrubs. It is important to approach the choice of location with responsibility. The cinquefoil prefers light, sunny areas of the site and rich soil.

The dimensions of the landing ditch are 50x50x50 cm, the distance between the bushes is 60 cm. Lime gravel can become drainage. The bottom of the pit is filled with humus, sand, soddy soil in a ratio of 2: 1: 2. It is allowed to add wood ash, lime, mineral fertilizer. The best period of the day is considered early morning or evening. The root neck of the plant is not buried excessively, it is left at the level of the edges of the trench.

How to care for Kuril tea and how to prune shrubs

When the planting of Kuril tea has been carried out, rational care is required - the success of the plant's survival depends on this. The trunk area is mulched with hay or peat. In a dry season, a young bush is supplied with water daily, for 2-3 weeks.

Some stages of planting Kuril tea and caring for it in the future look at the photo:

Gardeners love it unpretentious plant, like shrubby Kuril tea - planting and caring for it does not involve difficulties and professional skills.

Pay attention to the following points:

1. Top dressing. The first application of mineral fertilizers is carried out during the transplantation of a bush from a greenhouse container to a permanent place. Plants that have not yet taken root completely are not recommended to be fed very actively. During the period of intensive growth and flowering, it will be appropriate mineral supplements with a predominance of phosphorus, potassium. Nitrogen-containing preparations are good in spring, but contraindicated in autumn.
2. Watering. Although drought resistance is one of the advantages of Kuril shrub tea, caring for it does not eliminate the need to water this plant. During the season, several waterings are required (10 liters of water for one bush), followed by mulching the soil around the trunk. If the summer turned out to be too hot, then the crown is additionally sprayed.
3. Pruning. It is important to know how to trim Kuril tea so that it fully performs decorative tasks on the site. Shrubs are cut in cloudy weather, in the late afternoon. Shoots are shortened by 8-12 cm, get rid of all dry and diseased branches. A shaping haircut is performed to keep the crown in a neat condition throughout the summer season.

Potentilla is almost not susceptible to common diseases or pest aggression. Occasionally it is affected by rust. In such a situation, it would be appropriate to use 2% sulfur.

A mature plant winters safely under the snow, without shelter. In very frosty winters, the tops of young shoots may freeze slightly. Refresh Kuril tea with pruning - the branches affected by the cold are simply cut off in the spring. This does not negatively affect flowering, as it occurs on the shoots of the current season. It is advisable to cover bushes of the 1st year of life with mulch for the winter.

The cinquefoil will add zest to your favorite garden, provide incredibly valuable supplies of medicinal material. Kuril tea does not require complex or specific care, which attracts the close attention of gardeners, arouses sympathy from connoisseurs original design plots.

Potentilla shrub grows in the mountains Central Asia, in Altai, on Far East and in Eastern Siberia, in China, Mongolia and Japan. In Kamchatka and the Kuriles, the leaves and flowers are brewed and drunk as a tonic, so the common name for the plant is Kuril tea.

Plant characteristic

Bush tea is an upright, strongly branched shrub of the Rosaceae family. There are about ten plant species. The leaves are compound, with five or seven elongated hairy leaflets. The people for the shape of the Kuril leaves are called Potentilla. Another name for shrubby cinquefoil is Dasiphora (Daziphora) is translated as "bearing thick hairs." Numerous branches at a young age are delicately hairy, in mature age they are covered with exfoliating bark of a brownish-gray or reddish-brown hue. The flowers are located on the tops of the shoots of this year, yellow color, single or collected in small brushes. Petals are bright yellow, rounded. About 30 stamens are located in the center of the flowers, which gives them a fluffy appearance.

1. Kuril tea in nature grows slowly, reaching maturity by 20-40 years. The height of an adult cinquefoil shrub is 80-120 cm, at the same time the plant begins flowering, which lasts from July to August.
2. Potentilla - bisexual plant, characterized by a single blooming of flowers of different sexual types. Each flower blooms for about 6-48 hours, the duration varies depending on weather conditions.
3. The fruits of the shrub are given in the period from August to September, they look like small dry nuts, very numerous.

Procurement of raw materials of Potentilla

Harvesting is carried out during the flowering period and further until the end of the vegetative period. Kuril tea is widely used in the production of dietary supplements, so the raw materials are harvested in large quantities. The tops of annual shoots with leaves and flowers are broken off or cut with a sickle. Then the raw material is dried and separated from the branches by hand or threshed.

The roots of the plant are also harvested, but on a smaller scale. Their widespread use is mainly in Tibetan medicine. They have hemostatic and anti-inflammatory properties.
The peoples living in the territory from the Urals to Kamchatka make tea from fresh leaves that is not inferior in taste to Indian tea. Hand-picked leaves and flowers are rolled with a rolling pin, then dried on baking sheets and dried in the open air. Leaves prepared in this way are brewed and drunk as a tonic and refreshing drink.

Beneficial features

The leaves contain about 9% tannins, 0.3% vitamin C, 0.015% carotenoids. Useful properties of Kuril tea are also due to the presence of saponins, resins, rutin, organic acids and essential oils. The decoction has a bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, fixing, hemostatic and anesthetic effect.

Bush tea is an excellent remedy for the treatment of diseases of the stomach and intestines. It has found application in diarrhea (dysentery, staphylococcal infections) and dysbacteriosis. Besides, in folk medicine the drink is used orally as a hemostatic agent for uterine bleeding; in pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis as an expectorant. In children, the herb is recommended as a means of restoring the general metabolism in the treatment of incontinence.

Outwardly, decoctions of Potentilla shrub are rinsed with stomatitis, tonsillitis and others. inflammatory processes in the oral cavity. Application by douching - with leucorrhoea in gynecology. Useful anti-inflammatory properties of Kuril shrub tea manifests when washing with decoctions of wounds and burns of the skin.

Contraindications for use

Potentilla has a variety beneficial features, but it has practically no harmful effects.

Contraindications for the use of Kuril tea - individual intolerance. If the doses are exceeded, the development of allergic reactions, rhinitis is possible. There are contraindications for use during pregnancy.

Application methods

Kuril shrub tea is used in two dosage forms - decoction and fresh leaves. Its properties are manifested equally in both types of raw materials.

Cultivation in gardens

Gardeners have been growing beautifully flowering undersized cinquefoil bushes for over 300 years. There are about 130 varieties of Kuril tea, differing in height and color of flowers. Potentilla height from 50 to 150 cm is used for alpine slides, hedges, in compositions with thuja, juniper and perennials. There is creeping varieties; bushes with reddish, white, golden, pink flowers. Most hybrids bloom from July to September, are unpretentious in care, tolerate winter well. The most common varieties are: Abbotswood, Kobold, Jacqueman, Goldfinger, Goldfinger, Poli, Preti, Princesses, Sommer-flor, Goldstar, Farreri.

Kuril tea is undemanding to the soil; it is planted in spring and autumn in open, well-lit places. Bushes are placed at a distance of 60-80 cm from each other. The pit where the Kuril bush tea is planted should be 70-80 cm deep, the drainage layer should be 20 cm. Kuril tea is unpretentious for watering, but in a dry summer it is necessary to water three to four times. Potentilla tolerates shearing well, it is recommended to prune in April or September.

Kuril tea is bred with shoots, cuttings, root offspring or division of bushes. One-year-olds with a height of 30-35 cm and a developed root system of 25 cm can be planted in autumn in a permanent place. The next year, the cinquefoil, planted with such bushes, is already blooming.

Excellent tonic properties, minimal contraindications for use, unpretentiousness in care and a wide range of the plant - all this makes Kuril shrub tea very popular in the medicine of the peoples of Siberia and China. The availability of raw materials allows the production of Potentilla preparations in large volumes, including it in various dietary supplements.

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» Kuril shrub tea (cinquefoil) planting and care in the open field

Kuril shrub tea (cinquefoil) planting and care in the open field

Long years Kuril tea, also known as cinquefoil and cinquefoil, is especially popular with gardeners. Shrub strongly branched, belongs to the Rose family. The ascending stems are thin and short, branched upwards, the bottom has practically no foliage. The shrub may be prostrate or upright. Depending on the classification, it can reach from 45 to 160 cm in height. The flowers are small (4 cm in diameter), bright yellow, orange, red or white.

Its homeland can be called Siberia, the Caucasus, the Urals and the Baltic states. In its natural environment, it is found on the banks of reservoirs and rocky slopes of mountains. The flowering period, depending on the species, begins at the end of May and lasts until mid-October. The plant was originally used in medicinal purposes and only then as an element landscape design. The official name is associated with the use of this plant by the inhabitants of the Urals and the Kuril Islands to prepare an aromatic drink.

Use in landscape design

Cold resistance and decorative appearance allows you to grow Kuril tea everywhere. It is even suitable for decorating permafrost, calcareous soil, a dark place or an open area. As an element of landscaping, the cinquefoil harmoniously looks like in group landings, and in low hedges. It lends itself well to haircuts and artistic modeling, forming neat graceful bushes.

Of great importance is the variety of garden planting. The use of cinquefoil in ornamental gardening directly depends on it. Most of them complement perfectly, emphasizing other plants and creating original contrasts. For stony and more suitable low-growing ground covers (Potentilla brilliant, Altai and stemless). They grow well surrounded by fine gravel and tolerate direct Sun rays. A flowering crown adorns rocky gardens for a long time. Bushy Kuril tea forms a luxurious hedge.

Combination with other plants

In a herbal mixborder, the cinquefoil will make a wonderful company for such plants as:

• chamomile;
• mignonette;

Most types of cinquefoil are good "neighbors". Do not plant a plant next to pine trees. Otherwise, there is a risk of infection with fungal diseases.

The fluffy crown, which retains its decorative effect until late autumn, allows Kuril tea to be successfully combined with both early-flowering and late-flowering plants. Harmonious combination obtained from the cinquefoil, hosts and. It is appropriate to supplement it with heather, deciduous and. It is possible to make a flower garden bright and original by planting Kuril tea, catnip and hyssop in it.

Reproduction of bush tea

Depending on the type and variety of cinquefoil, there are many ways to propagate it:

seeds

The most suitable breeding method for Kuril shrub tea. Sowing is best done in late April or early May. A significant disadvantage of this method is a long period of growth and development of culture. Flowering occurs only after 4-5 years. A high percentage of seedling death.

cuttings

Also used for breeding. shrub species. The vegetative method is considered the most effective. planting material cut in June. It can be planted in open ground only the next year. All this time, the cuttings develop in containers. landing hole on permanent place growth must be at least 40 cm.

Be sure to provide the plant with a good drainage layer. For this, fragments of stone or brick, lime gravel are used. The optimal distance between the bushes is 100 cm. The cinquefoil, if necessary, can be transplanted. The best time for this is early spring.

offspring

The stem closest to the soil is selected. A small incision is made in it and placed in a previously dug shallow hole. The branch, so that it does not rise, is fixed with wire staples. Layering sprinkled with earth and moderately watered. It is best to use this method in the spring, in the fall the delenka will take root. Then you can separate it from the mother bush and transplant it to a permanent place.

By dividing the bush

A healthy, well-developed bush (at least 4 years old) is carefully dug out of the ground. You can protect the fragile root system if you use a pitchfork to extract it. The roots are lightly shaken off the ground, gently washed and divided into a certain number of parts. Each of which, for full growth, must contain at least 3 buds.

For rapid root formation, special preparations are used. The landing of the division is carried out shallowly, the distance between the holes is at least 30 cm.

Landing and care

Selecting a landing site

The most favorable place for landing - open area, with slight shading. It is possible for a representative of the flora to grow in the shade, but in this case, flowering loses its duration and decorative effect. He is demanding on the ground. Light loamy, sandy loamy, neutral or slightly alkaline environments are preferred.

Landing in clay and loamy soil is unacceptable, compacted earth adversely affects. drainage layer must be at least 25 cm. Most often, river pebbles or ceramic chips are used.

Feeding and watering tea

Top dressing from peat, humus and compost carried out throughout the year. Mineral complexes are needed only in early spring and when planting. Soil loosening is carried out once every 3 months, depth up to 10 cm.

Kuril shrub tea belongs to the rose family. It was called Kuril tea because it grew on Kuril Islands, there they were replaced with black tea. It has a tonic effect and a pronounced taste.

Kuril tea leaves contain a lot of C vitamins, which is why it is famous for its healing properties.

Potentilla is unpretentious to the soil, but if you plant it on slightly acidic soil, then this will be the most comfortable conditions for it. Clay soil needs to be drained. It is better to plant in well-lit areas.

How to propagate and plant Kuril tea?

This tea propagates with the help of seeds, by dividing the bushes. Seeds are planted in the spring, and the bushes should be divided in the fall.

Before planting seeds, prepare seedlings in advance. Seeds are planted often, without intensive deepening. Seedlings appear after twenty days, and after ten days, the plants need to be planted,

The distance between the bushes should be at least 40 cm. Reproduction is done early in the summer in warm weather. As soon as the plant is planted, it is tedious to water it.

tea care

The plant is afraid of cold weather and frost, so for the winter its roots need to be covered with a layer of mulch. This type tea is not afraid of drought, but it is still important to water it every evening.

Flowering and harvesting Kuril tea

The flowering of the plant occurs in the third year after planting, although in the first year in July, you can collect the leaves of Kuril tea, dry it and then add it to green tea.

Place to land

Kuril tea loves light, grows weaker in flowering. Growth is inhibited in the shade. Therefore, it should be planted in lighted places, with light shading in hot weather, landing sites should also be selected protected from the wind.

Kuril tea with white and yellow flowers is photophilous, more drought-resistant, not picky about the soil, varieties with reddish and pinkish flowers have opposite qualities. Yellow-flowered varieties are more frost-resistant.

If the flowers are reddish, then they need to be covered on winter period. They are not resistant to getting wet, they need frequent feeding, they burn out in the sun, but at the same time they bloom poorly in poorly lit places.

The color of Kuril tea flowers depends on vegetation, weather conditions and the type of soil. Varieties with reddish flowers bloom later than white and yellowish ones. In drought, the red hue of the flowers sometimes does not appear.

On sandy soils, flowering is not as plentiful, and the opened flowers are pale and unsightly. This tea is not whimsical to the fertility of the soil, it just does not tolerate overcompaction, because it has a shallow root system.

To improve aeration, you need to occasionally loosen the soil to a depth of ten centimeters. Kuril tea grows even on calcareous and stony soils. On the clay soil drainage is needed; on sandy soils, its decorative effect decreases. The most suitable soil for Kuril tea is loose loamy soil with deep groundwater.

Caring for yellow-flowered varieties

The best time to plant tea at middle lane is considered the end of April. The planting hole for Kuril tea should be fifty centimeters deep. The diameter of the hole should be equal to the depth. Kuril tea loves calcium, it can be used in place of drainage.

We take lime gravel. The pit must be filled with soddy soil, humus, sand (2:2:1). Add one hundred grams of lime and one tablespoon of wood ash. Be sure to add mineral fertilizer.

This tea withstands transplanting with ease, but to avoid overdrying, wrap the earthen ball and the roots of the plant with a damp cloth, and keep it moist until planting. The root neck is not deepened much. The distance between the bushes should be from sixty to eighty centimeters, no less.

After you plant, you need to water the plant. In dry weather, the next two weeks, watering should be systematic. Feed the shrub before flowering. Top dressing is carried out under the root, with a solution of phosphorus and potassium. We take thirty grams of superphosphate and ten grams of potassium sulfate. Fill with ten liters of water.

How much should I water Kuril tea and cut?

This type of tea is not afraid of drought. But can't take it low humidity air. Therefore, in hot weather, sprinkle the shoots in the evening. It needs to be watered several times a season. Pour ten liters of water under each bush. The soil must be mulched with humus or peat.

Systematically you need to trim the Kuril tea. If this is not done, it will lose its decorative qualities. Therefore, once a year it is cut. Cut off the shoots frozen over the winter. In addition, rejuvenate every five years.

It is necessary, in the spring, to cut off the branches, leaving only stumps ten to fifteen centimeters high. After rejuvenation, Kuril tea needs to be fed with mineral fertilizer with a predominance of nitrogen.

Kuril shrub tea or shrub cinquefoil (Potentilla fructicosa L) is quite often grown in amateur gardens. Correct fit and care increase the abundance and duration of flowering, make the crown decorative.

Landing. Kuril tea is planted in a well-lit place. In the shade, the shoots stretch out, the plants bloom weakly. Prefers highly fertile, nutrient-rich, light soils. For planting, you can use a self-prepared soil mixture consisting of leafy soil, humus and sand in a ratio of 2: 2: 1. The distance between plants depends on the characteristics of the variety and can vary from 60 to 150 cm. The planting hole should be wider and deeper than the plant lump. In areas with heavy soils and poor drainage, the bottom of the planting hole should be loosened and mixed with sand or gravel.

When planting from the container, we take out the plant carefully, trying not to disturb the earthen ball and not damage the roots. When planting, seedlings must be placed evenly, spreading the roots well so that they are not bent up. Around the planted plants make a recess for watering. Immediately after planting carry out abundant watering. The next day, the plants are also watered abundantly. Within a month after planting, in the absence of rain, watering is carried out once a week. In sunny and hot weather, it is necessary to shade the planted plants.

Care. Plants with an open root system after planting do not feed until they take root. The fact that the plant has taken root is evidenced by the appearance of growth. A complete mineral fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is applied in late spring or early summer after full engraftment at the rate of 5-10 g of mineral fertilizer for a plant (azofoska, nitrophoska, etc.). Before and during the flowering period, the same fertilizers or fertilizers are applied with a predominance of phosphorus and potassium. Plants from containers are fed at the time of planting, introducing into trunk circle 15 g of complete mineral fertilizer immediately after watering. In autumn, fertilizers that do not contain nitrogen (superphosphate, potassium chloride) are applied under the main dressing.

Mature plants are watered only during dry periods. In hot and dry weather, rare but abundant watering and crown sprinkling in the evening. Watering rate 5-10 liters per plant. So that the soil retains moisture well and does not overheat on hot days, mulching can be carried out. Shredded bark is used for mulching. coniferous trees, peat, well-rotted manure, leaf humus. Mulching is carried out in late April - early May. Remove debris, leaves, weed out weeds, if necessary, moisten the soil and apply a complex dry mineral fertilizer. Then mulch is laid out around the plant with a layer of 3-5 cm, so that it does not touch the shoots. If necessary, the mulch layer is updated in the spring.

Pruning of shoots is carried out from the second year after planting. Subsequent pruning is carried out at intervals of once every two to three years. In the second half of April, all dried branches are removed with secateurs or garden shears and the shoots are cut by 8-12 cm to make the plant compact. If necessary, formative pruning can be carried out throughout the summer until August inclusive, shortening the shoots by 1/3 of their length. Pruning is carried out in the evening or on cloudy days. It is not advisable to carry out pruning in sunny days and before the onset of cold weather. In Kuril tea, pruning stimulates tillering, causing growth a large number shoots, which makes the crown thick and beautiful.

Diseases and pests rarely affect Kuril tea. In case of rust damage, it is recommended foliar top dressing trace elements (boron, manganese) or spraying with a 2% sulfur solution.

In the conditions of Belarus, Kuril tea (Potentilla shrub) winters without shelter. In severe winters, freezing of annual shoots is possible. With age at proper care winter hardiness increases.

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences Sciences
Ivanovich A.A.