Frame or timber house. Which house is better: frame or timber. Benefits and construction approach

Modern country houses build from different materials. If recently they were built mainly of brick, cauldron or logs, now the place of these materials was taken by modern analogues. In particular, quick panel houses or structures made of wooden beams, which are produced according to the project and assembled on site like a large designer.

Quite a lot of consumers ask the question, which house is better from a bar or frame, there is no unequivocal answer to it, because you have to take into account many individual factors, as the site on which the house will be built, the climate of the regions, and the individual needs of the customer.

In order to determine the choice of the type of construction, it is necessary to understand them fundamental differences, both in the material itself and in the processes of construction and subsequent care of the house.

Construction of houses from a bar

It is necessary to start building a house from a bar by determining the material, since timber is available in several types, each with different characteristics. The most popular type is glued laminated timber, which has good thermodynamic properties. Houses made of glued beams retain heat in winter time year and perfectly keep cool, indoors in the summer.

The log house has excellent properties in terms of ecology. As a rule, an array is used to produce this building material. coniferous trees, which continues to exude aroma and natural antiseptic substances for a long time after building construction. The atmosphere in such houses is literally saturated with the smell of fresh wood and pine needles.

Glued laminated timber is made perfectly flat, it practically does not change its shape during the operational period, especially if the tree undergoes chamber drying, during which natural moisture is removed from it. This allows you to get buildings that do not need finishing, both internally and externally. Only in some climatic zones, where the temperature drops too low, houses made of timber are additionally sheathed with a heat-insulating layer.

Another feature of glued laminated timber, which increases its strength, is the fact that in the production of material using wooden slats, which are glued in special workshops under certain conditions, high pressure using environmentally friendly glue. When gluing the lamellas, they are positioned so that the wood fibers are directed in opposite directions, this improves the resistance to mechanical and physical influences. Of course, a lot depends on what types of wood are used in the production of lamellas, since different wood has different densities and, accordingly, different indicators of resistance and flexibility.

In conditions low temperatures for the construction of environmentally friendly housing, not so long ago they began to use "warm" bar. This material is a profiled beam of large cross section, inside which a shaft is sawn and filled heat-insulating material. Unlike houses built from other materials, houses made of warm timber are much warmer, although their cost is somewhat higher, since timber is not a cheap material.

frame houses

Home based finished frame, erected from various materials, the choice of which depends on the goals pursued by the consumer. If future housing is calculated not as permanent, but as a small summer house, in which they will come a couple of times a month for weekends in the warm season, then they are quite suitable as cladding prefabricated panels. They can be made from waste wood products and treated to withstand negative factors environment, in particular moisture, permanent ultraviolet.

More permanent structures based on the frame sheathed with a multilayer structure in which heat-insulating and moisture-repellent materials are used. For exterior finish use siding or natural stone providing long service life.

Houses on this basis are lightweight, and therefore do not require a serious foundation. As a rule, they are erected on the basis of a tape or even pile foundation. At the same time, the construction time of the entire building can be minimized. A proper approach and sufficiently qualified craftsmen are able to build small house and fully put it into operation within a few months.

Which house is better - frame or timber? And which one is cheaper? These are some of the most popular questions when contacting Lesstroy. Because these materials are the most popular among customers of private houses.

Looking ahead, we immediately voice the conclusion: there are no unambiguous answers to these questions. For one single reason: both the beam and the frame have different variants in different price segments.

Let's figure it out in order.

The main thing that affects the choice of material is the seasonality of living in the future house and the region of construction. The best log houses or frame houses will be those that best suit your season and region of residence.

House for seasonal living

If the house is located in regions with mild winter or intended for seasonal living - it is more profitable to build frame house by myself simple option: frame made of timber / boards, insulation, vapor barrier, sheathing budget materials for interior and exterior decoration.

Such a house is quickly erected, does not shrink, and the requirements for the foundation are minimal.

Usage natural materials makes such houses eco-friendly, and the technology warm enough for such conditions.

An alternative can be a panel house made of SIP panels - these are sandwich panels 17-22 cm thick, where between two OSB () - plates (Oriented Strand Board, consists of several layers wood chips, which is interconnected with the help of resins), insulation is laid - most often polystyrene foam.

It is even easier and faster to build such a house than a frame house, you can do it in any season, the requirements for the foundation are also minimal. The only thing that supporters and opponents of this technology break spears about is the environmental friendliness and combustibility of materials. It must be understood that these two points depend on how quality materials are used. If these shortcomings were significant, SIP panels would not be such a popular building material in Canada and the USA.

And if you prefer pure wood, then which timber house is cheaper and easier to build? If the customer wants an inexpensive, but wooden house for seasonal living, an alternative could be a mini-timber house - this is a profiled beam, most often 45x145 in size (half the width ordinary timber). Due to its smaller width, it dries faster in the chambers and is therefore more affordable than conventional massive timber. Usually proposals for the construction of mini-timber houses contain exactly dry lumber, which means the possibility of turnkey construction without waiting for shrinkage (although there is slight shrinkage even in dry timber, and this must be taken into account when installing windows and doors).

Traditional in Russia, but more labor-intensive method of construction country houses for seasonal living - construction from ordinary planed timber of small section (usually up to 100x150 mm) natural humidity. Such houses must necessarily go through a period of shrinkage before finishing and installing windows and doors. Preparation and docking of timber, notching corners in this option requires a certain carpentry professionalism, but at the cost of construction, such houses will not be more expensive than houses from the materials listed above.

House for permanent residence in central Russia

If we consider houses for permanent residence in regions with traditional Russian winters and temperature fluctuations, there are a lot of options for choosing between frame and timber houses.

The main difference between the technologies for building houses for permanent and seasonal residence is the level of thermal insulation.

AT log houses for permanent residence high level thermal insulation is achieved by the thickness of the beam (contour walls), methods of joining corners, interventional insulation, floor and roof construction.

And in frame houses - with the composition of the "sandwich", which fills the supporting frame, as well as the installation of the floor and roof and the exclusion of cold bridges.

Houses for permanent residence from timber are, as you know, of three main types:
- ordinary planed timber
- profiled timber
- glued timber

Recently, new timber modifications have entered the arena, designed to save the customer from the shortcomings of massive timber - shrinkage and deformation, insufficient thermal insulation with a small cross section. Most often they are promoted on the market under the names: double, warm, package timber and structurally not far from the frame ones, since the outline remains wooden, and insulation is laid inside it different types(from expanded polystyrene and mineral wool to loose heaters, up to sawdust).

Obviously, the most important advantages of log houses are their environmental friendliness, natural origin and psychological acceptance, as well as the availability of material and the clarity of construction technology.

Project « » company « »

Frame houses for permanent residence contain a more massive frame and more complex filling, designed to increase structural strength, thermal insulation, provide vapor barrier and wind protection. For example, you may come across such a phenomenon as " frame houses from glued beams" - here it means that the frame racks are made of glued beams to avoid deformation.

In frame houses, unlike log houses, it is assumed variety of options interior and exterior finishes - from lining and imitation timber to plaster. Also, the projects of such houses themselves may be more architecturally complex.

It is frame houses that are most often called energy efficient, because. their design makes it possible to eliminate the air permeability of the walls and organize effective intra-house communications (ventilation, heating) in order to minimize heat loss and reduce financial investments in ensuring comfortable all-season living.

Example: the wall structure of the frame house of the company ""

So what is cheaper - frame houses or timber?

Interestingly, the range of offers for both categories of houses is more or less the same, and its extreme values differ by an order of magnitude.

For ease of comparison, let's take houses of the most popular size - 6x8 meters along the building spot without taking into account the area.

354 projects are presented at Lesstroy. The cheapest offer is 246,000 rubles, the most expensive is 2,650,000. Cheap offers are up to 700,000 thousand rubles. - These are houses for seasonal residence, more expensive ones are already for permanent residence.

Projects of houses from a bar of all types 6x8 in size at Lesstroy 919:

The minimum offer is 240,000 rubles, this is a house made of simple edged timber, the most expensive 6x8 house is proposed to be built for 2,980,000 rubles, this is a house made of glued laminated timber.

As you can see, log houses and frame houses are comparable in cost, and you can make a decent choice only by studying the features of the technology in relation to your needs, wishes, living conditions and the area where the house will be built.

Everyone who thought about building their own house, solved the question: what to build it from? Currently on the market great amount building materials every day new species appear. In this article, we will try to understand two types of materials for building houses: frame and timber.

Comparison of the strength of frame and timber houses

It is safe to say that log houses are more reliable than frame houses. There is an explanation for this. Frame houses are made of wood with the use of various chemical treatments to protect the building.

Chemical compounds allow the frame house to last longer, but they are not able to protect against all environmental factors. As a rule, frame houses are treated against mold, moisture and anti-fire preparations.

Sectional diagram of a frame house wall

Log houses are made of solid material, which in itself has protective properties from environmental factors. Life time frame houses is 25 - 30 years, after which it will be necessary to replace the supporting structures.

Log houses will stand quietly for more than 50 years. Modern technologies make it possible to increase the service life of log houses up to 80 years: the use of glued wood, anti-cracking treatment.

Maximum service life service frame house - 30 years.

Many believe that these two types of houses differ in reliability, but this is true:

To summarize: if we consider the comparison of these two types of houses in terms of strength and durability, then houses made of timber material are definitely in the lead here.

Cost comparison

Pricing of frame houses

Each owner is looking for such a variant of the house, which will be not only warm and reliable, but also cheaper than others. Consider what the pricing for frame houses consists of.

A calculation will be given for a house with an area of 46 m2:

The main advantage of a frame house is its low cost.

Every home starts with a foundation. Now for a prefabricated house, you can put a strip foundation or a column foundation. A prefabricated house weighs less than a log house, so a massive foundation is required for it. The columnar foundation is a support that is installed at a distance of two meters from each other. The larger and higher the house, the more reason would need. Such a foundation has an advantage: it will always be possible to get under the house and water will not accumulate there. This type of foundation is well suited for areas where it is difficult to remove water from the construction site of the house. Strip foundation is the more classic and commonly used option, but will also be more expensive. If a columnar foundation will cost 30-50 thousand rubles, then the tape starts its price from 50 thousand;
House frame. This is the main stage of construction. The frame consists of walls made of wood, interior and exterior finishes. It should be said right away that to build a good frame house, you need to use a heater. If the cost of building a frame is 100,000 rubles, then the same amount will have to be spent on insulation and interior decoration of the house. There are a lot of options for insulation and finishing;
Roofing is an important part of building a house. For prefabricated house being built wooden base which needs to be insulated and waterproofed. You can cover the roof with metal tiles or soft tiles tigola or shinglis. The cost of building a roof for a house is approximately 80 - 120 thousand rubles. Most cheap option coatings - metal tiles - from 90 thousand rubles;
Outside, prefabricated houses are sheathed with cement-bonded particle boards, but the house cannot be left in this form. Cheaper and more practical to sheathe it with siding. Now on the market there is a wide variety of this material: any colors, shapes and sizes are presented. Vinyl (it is cheaper) siding for our house will cost 40 - 60 thousand rubles. If you want the house to look like a log house, then you can use a block house for wall decoration. This cover is made from natural wood and pretty easy to install. The cost of finishing is from 80 thousand rubles. Do not forget that wood is less durable than plastic. Such a coating will have to be painted and treated against mold;
Electrical wiring and water supply. We will specifically indicate this point, because work on lighting and conducting water into the house must be carried out before the start interior decoration. The minimum cost of work is 60 thousand rubles: if there is a well or well on the territory;
If it is planned to carry out heating in the house, then the pipes are partially placed inside the walls. It is quite difficult to calculate the cost, since there are different types of heating: stove, wood-fired boiler, gas, water, fireplace;
Interior decoration of the house. Start finishing with construction drywall walls. Then you can use any available material: wallpaper, tiles, plastic panels, wood cladding.

Comparative characteristics frame houses at their cost, depending on the size

The most expensive thing in a frame house is the frame itself.

Pricing of log houses

The pricing of log houses has the following components:

The degree of complexity of the construction of frame and timber houses

Frame houses consist of several layers:

inner lining;
frame;
vapor barrier;
thermal insulation;
waterproofing;
outer cladding.

For each layer, it is necessary to select materials that are suitable for this area, will retain heat well, and protect the house from moisture and mold. If you build a house yourself, you will need special knowledge.

Timber houses are installed with the help of material and dowels. The process of building houses from timber is much faster than frame houses. Pre-sawn parts will allow you to build a building in two days.

An example of a two-story frame house project

If we talk about which house is better: frame or timber, according to the degree of complexity of construction, a timber house will take first place.

Architectural and design parameters and their differences

Timber structures are great for standard-built houses. If you want an unusual roof, round kitchen and bay windows, then it is better to start a construction site from a frame material.

Timber houses are more durable than frame houses

Of course, you can build a complex building from a bar, but you should understand that the price of such a house will be much more than an analogue. erection log house can be made with one assistant, without the involvement of a team: all the details are signed and they must be laid in accordance with the construction plan.

If we talk about which house is warmer, then there is no definite answer. The timber structure itself holds heat better than a frame sandwich. The use of high quality insulation materials good finishes and the presence of heating in a frame house will be a guarantee that it will be warm in the most severe winter.

We have already said that specific gravity There are fewer frame houses than log houses. This means that you can move into frame houses almost immediately after construction, since they will have little shrinkage.

finishing interior spaces you can also do it almost immediately, but in a timber room you should wait with the design of the walls, especially if you plan to install tiles or decorative plaster, and the laminate will lie flat if you wait for shrinkage.

Project example two-story house from a bar

Another difference between a prefabricated house and a log house is that a log house can be built in several stages: walls, roof, interior decoration. A frame-type house requires a one-time investment of money and completion of construction, since you cannot leave only the frame and vapor barrier for the winter, because you have to do everything all over again.

If a frame house is planned for year-round use, then each layer of the house must be installed dry, and the building must be mothballed for the winter.

Environmental Comparison Parameters

AT modern world almost any material for construction has the prefix "eco". However, this name does not give a guarantee of safety. If future tenants have problems with allergies, then the house must be built from timber. As part of such a house there will be a minimum number of components that can provoke allergies.

Rating of various house building technologies

To summarize, we can say that log houses have a number of advantages: attractive appearance, do not require finishing, and are durable and reliable. Frame-type houses are light, you can build any type of premises, you can finish the house with siding, wood, tiles and other materials, you can save on the foundation.

Timber houses are at least 2 times more durable than frame houses.

If you plan to build a classic building house with four corners and right roof, then the use of a beam in this case is advisable. Frame houses are suitable for the construction of any architectural ideas, it is easy to attach more buildings to them.

For a summer cottage, a frame house - the best solution. For year-round living it is better to use a bar. The construction of a building "for centuries" requires the use of timber.

Video

You can watch a video where experts will talk about the difference in the cost of frame and timber houses.

Each house is good in its own way. The house from the frame will turn out to be very reliable, strong and warm. Same as . But when using each of these two materials has its own nuances. First of all, in order to decide on the choice of materials for building a house, you need to take into account financial, temporary and professional opportunities developer. So, for example, the technology of building a house from a bar is much simpler.

In addition, in order to make a choice, you need to take into account what characteristics should mainly meet new house. For example, the rate of heating and the time that the house is able to keep warm. At first glance, it seems that everything is obvious here. It is necessary to choose such a material, when using which finished house will heat up quickly and keep warm for a long time.

And, of course, few people will give preference to the material, the house from which will warm up more slowly and cool down quickly. However, everything is not so clear. A frame house warms up faster, but also retains heat for a shorter period of time. Whereas the structure of the timber warms up slowly, but it keeps the heat much longer. And, of course, there are other differences that may be more significant.

In general, both options are good. Each in their own way. And, in order to choose a beam or frame, you need, first of all, consider their pros and cons.

Advantages and disadvantages of frame houses

Advantages:

The price of such construction is low;
The speed of construction. Without taking into account the time it takes to build the foundation and finish, a team of five people over the summer is able to build as many as three houses;
When using such a house, it will not be necessary to update the facade and heating costs will be low;
The fence does not conduct heat well, as a result of which heating in cold weather will be inexpensive, and coolness will be well preserved in summer;
Only the rooms that are in use can be heated. In addition, the house can be quickly warmed up in cold weather;
High quality sound insulation;
You can easily lay communication networks inside the walls;
It is possible to use a cheaper and faster lightweight foundation in laying;
There is no shrinkage, which means that you can immediately start finishing and the warping of the walls cannot happen under any circumstances;
The frame is environmentally friendly;
Interior decoration is not complicated by such additional procedures as plastering, creating an additional tile frame, floor screed;
Frame houses are earthquake-resistant and carry loads up to nine points;
Such houses are very easy to defrost, that is, you can not use the house for a long time and, if necessary, warm it up at any time of the year and resume operation;
You can build a house from a frame at any time of the year, at temperatures above -15 C;
When building a house, you do not need to use special equipment, enough human labor force;
Without special efforts you can change communications and insulation at any time;
Smooth walls, without cracks;
You can quickly and cheaply move your home to another location. The main thing is to foresee this when designing;
For construction, the availability of water is not important;
In the production of the frame, wood is used, thanks to which such a house has a very comfortable microclimate;
Thin walls and, as a result, big square inside the house.

Flaws:

Echoing walls;
Complex construction technology, modern tools and professional workers are needed;
Such houses in Russia are still treated with caution.

Advantages and disadvantages of timber houses

Advantages of solid timber houses:

Environmental friendliness, living in such a house is even good for health;
They're very beautiful;
The beam is inexpensive;
You can use a cheap foundation.

Disadvantages of solid timber houses:

If the house is to be used all year round, additional insulation is required;
after its construction, not all materials can be used outside;
A long time from the start of construction and the start of operation due to high shrinkage. This is especially true for a bar of natural moisture. It is optimal to wait a whole year before starting finishing work;
Such houses often need to be caulked and all new cracks removed, as the timber shrinks and changes under the influence of weather phenomena;
These houses are highly flammable. It is worth noting that modern technologies make it possible to process timber with fire-fighting and flame-retardant substances during production.

Advantages of glued timber houses:

In such houses one can live permanently;
The house is assembled quickly and easily;
Can be built multi-story houses with complex structures.

Disadvantages of glued laminated timber houses:

High price;
Used in production chemical substances, which makes this building material not quite environmentally friendly.

Most importantly, a frame house can be built independently. And for a house made of glued beams, professionals and a special construction machinery. In addition, in a frame house, you can easily lay all communication networks inside the walls. Whereas in lumber it will be extremely difficult and long. Therefore, more often in such buildings, wiring is allowed outside the walls and masked.

But houses made of timber do not need finishing. And in frame finish necessary, and long-term and expensive. But there are many possibilities for finishing and, if desired, any aesthetic fantasies are embodied. The bar can only be painted, but it looks very beautiful itself.

It is realistic to build a frame house in three months. It will take a little more time for the timber. But the most important and for many the decisive difference is that frame houses are half the price.

For suburban construction, it is better to use timber;
Entrust the design of a log house to professionals;
Feel free to choose glued timber for a permanent home. Get a comfortable indoor climate and significant savings on heating;
If you want to complete construction quickly, choose a frame house;
Frame houses, unlike timber houses, are not deformed. Be sure to take this into account when choosing a material. Understand that a brick house is not enough just to build, it needs to be looked after. Frame construction will save you from subsequent troubles of this kind;
Dry profiled timber is much more beautiful than glued timber. In addition, it is completely environmentally friendly.

Seismic resistance of houses - comparison

Frame houses are earthquake resistant and can withstand loads up to nine points. A house made of glued beams is just as stable. Houses built from all other materials have significantly lower earthquake resistance. That is why the popularity of frame and timber houses is only growing. For example, in Japan, more and more buildings are being built from the frame.

Cost and speed of construction

The necessary material for a one-story standard frame house can be purchased at a price of 4,000 rubles per square meter. So, for the purchase of basic material for a house at 50 square meters will go from 200,000 rubles. A house of the same area, but made of timber, will cost at the stage of purchasing material in the amount of 300,000 rubles.

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