In order to create an attractive lawn, it is necessary, first of all, to level the area intended for it. land plot. A layer of fertile soil suitable for cultivation should be placed on top. lawn grass. At the same time, it is necessary to provide an irrigation and drainage system that prevents the accumulation of water on the site that falls on it in the form of precipitation and during floods. In addition, the soil on the lawn must be compacted so that it can be safely used with a lawn mower. As a rule, during the preparation of a land plot for planting a lawn, the following activities are carried out:

• the site is being cleared;
• the surface of the site is leveled;
• the soil is dug up;
• the fertile layer is filled up;
• the soil is compacted;
• an irrigation and drainage system is being created;
• lawn grass is planted.

With regard to leveling the area under the lawn, to achieve this goal, various events, the list of which is determined by the area and topography of the land plot, the degree of its hilliness (roughness), and the composition of the soil. On the small plot All work is done by hand using spades and rakes. Location on large area technology has to be used.

Site preparation

The lawn area does not have to be perfectly horizontal. Lawns with a slope also look good, but in any case they should be even, without holes, tubercles, ravines. Before planting the lawn, the first thing to do is to establish the relief and boundaries of the site (area, configuration). Then the thickness of the fertile layer is established. It should be at least fourteen centimeters, otherwise enriched soil should be added to the required value. After that, planning is carried out, that is, the degree of tuberosity, slope is established. If significant depressions in the form of pits and ravines are found, then it is necessary to resolve the issue of importing soil to fill them. The slope is acceptable if it does not exceed seven centimeters per meter of lawn length. If this value is exceeded, a shift of the fertile layer is likely, and the stability of covering the entire surface with vegetation will not be ensured. In this case, the way out is to arrange a terrace on a slope. The preparation itself begins with marking the surface, pegs are driven into it and the cord is pulled. The site is completely cleared of all types of vegetation, with the exception of bushes and trees that harmoniously fit into the landscape. All tree roots and stumps are removed, the grass is mowed and cleaned.

Required Tools

When manually leveling a lawn area, the following tools should be prepared in advance:

• bayonet shovel for digging;
• pitchfork;
• shovel shovel (for backfilling and extracting soil);
• building level;
• fan rake for loosening the soil;
• hoe;
• ice rink;
• a wheelbarrow for the removal of soil and debris;
• garden rake;
• several wooden bars at least two meters long;
• wooden stakes for marking the territory;
• wire, rope, broom and other necessary little things.

Features of leveling the site without a slope

The lawn area is leveled in such a way as to form a surface that is close to perfectly flat. At the same time, a general slope of about one or two degrees is made in order to divert water that enters the site in the form of precipitation. The most dangerous is the presence of pits, since stagnant water accumulates in them, which leads to rotting of the roots. If the terrain is uneven, then the first step is to remove the fertile layer about fifteen centimeters thick. After that, the site is leveled: the bumps are cut off and the recesses are filled up. If there are deep holes, additional soil is brought in. If the soil is too dense, then it is advisable to dig it up with a shovel and process it with a rake. Then the site planning is done. Stakes with marks are driven into it various heights in at least nine places in the form of squares. According to the height marked with stakes, previously taken fertile land are returned to the place. After shrinkage is completed, the prepared surface is checked against the marks on the stakes, while remembering the need for a slight slope for drainage. The surface is leveled with bars. The stakes are then removed and the earth is evenly compacted with a roller. At the final stage, the entire surface is inspected, all stones and weeds are removed.

Features of leveling the site in the presence of a slope

When the slope of the lawn area is more than twenty-five degrees, it needs redevelopment, that is, a decrease in the angle of inclination. In this case, first of all, the entire fertile soil layer is removed and transferred to another place for temporary storage. The required level of elevation of the earth's surface is marked at the lower boundary, and the upper boundary is marked. After that, the soil is smoothly moved with a shovel from top to bottom, starting from the highest place. As a result, an artificial terrace is formed with a slope of no more than twenty-five degrees. When forming a terrace, it is necessary to strengthen the upper and lower borders. From below, a curb of the desired height is constructed, taking into account the backfilling of the soil. A ditch is created at the upper boundary to eliminate precipitation and the formed soil wall is strengthened. Then the removed fertile soil layer is placed in its original place, and measures are taken to level the land in the same way as for the case considered above.

Rules for digging the earth

Manual digging of the soil is carried out in accordance with the neglect of the site. If some kind of planting was previously made on the soil, then most often a single-tier digging of the soil is performed by turning over the soil layer, in which the shovel is deepened to the height of the bayonet. Subject to availability a large number stones, the soil can be sifted with a pitchfork when turning over. The raised pieces of soil are loosened. If you need to dig neglected site, on which only weeds, it is necessary to perform a two-tier digging in the following sequence:

• A furrow is dug, the width and depth of which are equal to one bayonet of a shovel. The soil from the first furrow is removed and moved to another place, where it is carefully sorted out and sieved.
• Then a second similar furrow is dug, but its soil is turned over into the first. All roots are removed from the soil and organic fertilizers are added. Further, by repeating such actions, the entire area is dug up.
• The last ditch is filled with soil from the first after cleaning and adding fertilizer.

Ability to use a bulldozer

The surface is often leveled with a bulldozer and other equipment. However, when arranging a garden or lawn, its use is undesirable. The main reason is that it can destroy the fertile soil layer, which will need to be restored in the future. However, if there are large stumps on the site, it will not be possible to do without equipment. In this case, leveling should be done with a small tractor to minimize damage to the fertile soil layers. Thus, the decision on the possibility and necessity of using a bulldozer to level the land on the site is made individually, based on its characteristics and its capabilities.

Preparing the soil for a lawn is comparable to laying a solid foundation for a house. The more responsible you are milestone, the smoother and neater the finished lawn will look, and the less problems will arise with him later. Be prepared for the fact that it will take you a lot of time and effort, but the result is worth it!

You will need to clear the selected area from debris, remove weeds and uproot stumps, dig up the soil, level the surface, fertilize, compact upper layer soil, and then loosen and level again. You will especially have to sweat if the site has not been mastered before. And it doesn’t matter whether you plan to sow the plot with grass yourself or lay rolled lawn- preparing the soil for the lawn will be the same.

The land for the lawn must also be completely free from trees, shrubs, young growth, former flower beds

Land clearing and lawn preparation

The first thing to do is to clear the area from construction and household waste, from chips, stones, branches, etc. Just do not bury small debris in the ground, otherwise problems may arise when using the equipment, and foreign objects will interfere with the development of the root system of plants. If you have concrete or stone walkways where you plan to lay your lawn, you will need to remove them all the way down to the base.

Lawn preparation video

Land for the lawn must also be completely freed from trees, shrubs, young growth, former flower beds. Particular attention is paid to the destruction of weeds. Can be removed with a spade thin layer sod and later use it as fertile land (lay sod in a pile with roots up in the far corner of the garden, and after six months it will turn out to be excellent fertile soil).

Another option is to get rid of weeds with chemical substances(reglon or roundup), which, penetrating through the stems and leaves of plants into root system, in a few days completely destroy all the grass. After the application of herbicides, it is recommended to sow lawn grass seeds only after six weeks, carefully weeding out the weeds that appear during this period.

How to properly dig soil for a lawn

Further preparation of the earth for a lawn consists in its careful digging. This stage cannot be skipped, even if it seems very difficult. good soil(after a garden or flower bed) it is enough to dig a shovel to the depth of one bayonet, turning over and breaking pieces of the earth. Simple single-tier digging is only suitable for soil that has previously been cultivated, since only the top layer of soil is prepared, and the bottom layer remains unchanged.

Well-rotted manure or compost can be added to the soil

If the site has not been processed for a long time or the soil is too light or heavy, a two-tier digging will be required:

• dig a furrow across the site for one bayonet of a shovel, removing the earth for a while to the side;
• carefully loosen the lower level of the earth with a pitchfork or pick;
• dig a second furrow, fill the first furrow with earth taken out of it;
• break large clods of earth with a pitchfork or shovel;
• the last furrow is filled with the same soil that was dug at the very beginning.

Well-rotted manure or compost can be added to the soil. With poor drainage and clay soil, soil preparation for the lawn also includes the creation of a drainage layer - during two-tier digging, crushed stone or gravel is poured onto the lower level.

Leveling the site and the top layer of the earth

When leveling the site, try not to mix the top layer of earth with the bottom.

So that on small hillocks the grass does not look cut bald, and in the lowlands it is not too long, you need to take care in advance how to level the area under the lawn. To do this, walk with a rake over the dug up area, at the same time removing old roots and stones that have appeared on the surface. From time to time, carefully inspect the area from the side so that its level is the same from different points. Transfer the soil from the hillocks to the lowlands for leveling, but keep in mind: all the irregularities will reappear after the ground settles.

When leveling the site, try not to mix the top layer of earth with the bottom. If you need to level bumps and depressions, it is better to temporarily remove the fertile layer and put it aside, carry out all the leveling work at the level of the lower layer, and then pour the fertile soil back. In case of shortage fertile soil on the site (the layer must be at least 20 cm), you can purchase it and mix it with the existing one - this way you will ensure uniform drainage.

Final preparation of the soil for the lawn

Before you prepare the ground for the lawn, you need to make it mineral fertilizers, because in any case, the soil will lack nutrients, and top dressing at this stage will allow the best way distribute fertilizer in the ground. organic fertilizers applied in spring and autumn.

Video about the lawn, preparing the land for sowing

The leveled ground must be trampled down in small steps or so that it does not sink after the rain. In addition, on compacted soil, the grass will take root better. When the soil under the lawn is thoroughly compacted, walk over its surface again with a rake, leveling the irregularities that have arisen and removing stones. As a result, the surface of the earth should look like a cake sprinkled with sand chips, while remaining fairly dense inside.

This completes the preparation of the soil for the lawn. It is recommended, if time permits, to leave the site for one and a half to two months under fallow - the earth will shrink a little more, and you will be able to eliminate the defects that have appeared, as well as destroy the wave of weeds that will inevitably grow on freshly cultivated land. After that, it remains to loosen the surface of the site again with a rake and sow the seeds of lawn grass.

​Related Articles​

Expediency

METHOD number 3.

What tools will be required?

There are recommendations that the upper fertile layer should first be carefully cut and set aside, so that later it can be used as a backfill. But how useful is such advice, because after laying the sod, weeds (and their root system will not go anywhere) will inevitably begin to sprout? In any case, no matter what is arranged in this territory - flower beds, lawns or beds - you will have to fight the grass. The question is whether the owners need extra hassle, and regular? It is more reasonable to do the backfilling with purchased black soil. Naturally, you will have to spend money on this, but in the future this solution will save you from many problems.​

• The only thing that will have to be taken into account is that not all representatives of the flora (from decorative ones) will be able to develop normally in such a site. Many of them are quite demanding on its alignment, so the choice of vegetation will be somewhat limited.​
• After leveling is completed, roll the site with a garden roller. Ramming equipment can be made independently from a metal barrel with a lid, cement mortar and pipes. ​
• Method 2
• cultivator work - from 30 rubles / m2;
• This method is suitable for small horizontal areas. If you plan to maintain a slope on the territory, then you need to act differently:​
• Remove the vegetative layer of soil from the entire area.
• Aesthetic appeal - a flat green lawn looks more beautiful than a lawn with holes and bumps.
• Now, having completed the preparation, you can proceed to the main part of the project "How to level the site yourself."

Preparatory work

Many people, when purchasing a summer cottage or a piece of land, are faced with problems of uneven ground: slopes, pits, potholes. Some landowners, dreaming about how to level the site, think that it is very expensive to do this, and it will take a lot of effort, time and material resources. Of course, everything can be fixed by using the services of one of the landscaping firms, or with the help of hired workers. But you can try to level the terrain yourself. Of course, this will require certain material and physical costs, but on the other hand, you will save a lot of money that will be useful for repairing a house or sewerage, for example.

Main works

​If the steepness of the slope is quite significant (more than 150), then it makes sense to arrange terraces. Their width and number are determined based on overall design territory, as well as the purpose of the site.​

• Tip! Rolling is best done in two directions (longitudinally and across the site). This will remove the "air pockets"
• - for large areas.

• equipment rental - 1500-2000 rubles for 1 hour of work.​
• Mark the lowest and highest points with pegs. Determine the direction of the slope. ​
• A tractor for leveling the site is not entirely suitable. After its work, the surface will appear smooth only at a certain distance. Holes and mounds will remain on the ground, so this technique can only be trusted with rough work.

syl.ru

Land leveling | Construction portal

The need for land leveling

On smooth surface lawn mixtures take root better.

Visually determine whether there are bumps and pits on the marked area. we use the building level and prepared wooden blocks. We remove the hills with a bayonet shovel, making chopping movements (especially in cases where there are roots in the ground). Holes, if they are small, can be immediately covered with earth removed from the hillocks, thus leveling the landscape. If it is not enough, the soil will have to be purchased (it is sold in specialized stores).

Before leveling the site, think about the appropriateness of these actions. Indeed, sometimes it will be easier to beat the unevenness of the terrain or successfully hide them with the help of a broken flower bed or planted currant bushes. Also useful (and even now in fashion) are rock gardens, crooked fairy-tale paths, decorative ponds. With this design, you can hide any unevenness in the landscape. If excavation nevertheless inevitable, proceed with them wisely, having developed an action plan in advance and calculating the approximate costs. After all, who wants long time to conduct among the "excavations" that dragged on for an indefinite time.​ In the photo: cutting off uneven ground with a bucket

If you drag it several times (by tying a rope) across the territory (back and forth), then it, like a large rake, will finally smooth out all the irregularities. Moreover, it does not have to be knocked together in the form of a rectangle. The configuration is selected based on maximum convenience at work.​

Initially, horizontal lines are marked (pegs + cord). The essence of the work is in cutting off a layer of earth on each designated tier to give it a complete "horizontal". Naturally, you should start from the bottom, gradually, stepwise, moving up the slope. Leveling a site (lawn, building or gardening) is a responsible process that cannot be neglected. Before leveling, you need to correctly calculate your strength. In a small area, all work can be done independently, and for arranging a large area, you will have to use special equipment. ​

Plow the ground twice. The first time - in the longitudinal direction, the second - in the transverse direction.​

1. Important! The cost of leveling the site in winter will be higher by about 200-300 rubles / m2 - it is much more difficult to work with frozen soil
2. Drive a row of pegs along the top of the slope. The same must be repeated on the lower part of the site.
3. ​For alignment suburban area with your own hands you will need the following tools and materials:
4. In hollows and hollows, watering or rainwater. This leads to "wetting" and damage to the lawn. Excessive humidity often causes illness.

Next - we level the ground over the site using a rake (if available - a cultivator). So that the soil does not sag, we tamp it down with a special weighting projectile such as a small skating rink. You can borrow it from the builders, or you can make it yourself. To do this, pour sand, gravel into an ordinary barrel, fill it with water and carefully close it. We put the barrel on its side and roll it around the site. Thus, the earth is compacted and well leveled. As a result, even after a spring flood, for example, the soil retains its shape.​ Before leveling the site in the country, you need to purchase some useful tools.

There are three types of contractors on the construction market of the Moscow region offering to level the site:

1. For these purposes, a piece of rail, channel is also suitable. True, you will need an assistant to carry such a blank on 2 ropes around the territory.
2. What to consider? The ends (sidewalls) of all "steps" need to be strengthened, otherwise the soil will gradually begin to crumble. The simplest, most efficient and cheap way- their strengthening with the help of gabions. What is it and how to make them, you can learn from this article.​
3. As a rule, the need to level the site arises when buying completely new, previously uninhabited land plots. Various social programs contribute to the growth of suburban construction to a certain extent.​
4. Pass twice with a cultivator, select weed roots from the soil.
5. Leveling technology with special equipment depends on the degree of unevenness and the type of equipment used. In the presence of significant ravines and pits, it is required Preliminary processing ladle. With the help of machinery, pits and trenches are buried with soil, and the excess soil after work is distributed over the territory.​

The main methods of leveling the site

How to level the land with your own hands: a flat and sloping surface

Connect in pairs the upper pegs with the lower ones. To do this, you can use a fishing line or rope.

1. building level (can be made independently from watering hose and two transparent plastic tubes);​
2. ​Bumps and ledges in the grass make it difficult to operate the lawnmower.​

Before leveling a piece of land in a country house or in private ownership, analyze the soil that is located there. If you for horticultural work for growing plants, a fertile layer is needed, and the soil is of poor quality, it is necessary to create it artificially. Buy good soil. The thickness must be at least forty centimeters.

Fan rake for loosening the earth.

• Tractor drivers are private traders. You can hire a tractor to level the site in the nearest village. The quality of work and the safety of the fence upon arrival of equipment remains on the conscience of the driver. It is worth considering that not everywhere the tractor can drive, there are safety clearances to the buildings. Therefore, it is important that the equipment is accompanied by a couple of auxiliary workers with shovels.​
• You should not immediately start arranging a leveled area. As a rule, in any soil, even prepared for filling, there will be some remnants of weeds. It is better to wait until they germinate and finally clear the soil. This is more expedient than fighting them later, after the site has already been planted with something.
• By whatever method the leveling is carried out, at the end of the work it is necessary to spill the area abundantly with water. The soil will sag a little, and all the flaws will be visible. And it’s easy to add a little earth in some places.

Only for those plots that are allocated for individual development, gardening or other purposes, not a single administration will allocate land that is actively used as agricultural. Basically, these are wastelands located outside the boundaries of the settlement.​

1. "Roll" the area. You can use a heavy board or a barrel filled with water.​
2. ​The cultivator performs final alignment earth. For work use a horizontal and vertical cultivator. Horizontal has a compact size, is easy to use and can be operated with a light loader (processing of the upper horizontal soil layers).​
3. From the stretched ropes, you should get a flat surface with a slope. ​
4. wooden pegs;
5. Decorative.
6. If the ground is too clayey, you need to buy sand and scatter it throughout the site. After - level with a rake and roll with a weighting projectile. So the sand will mix with the soil and acquire a dense structure.
7. Shovels: bayonet and shovel.

1. Even before starting work, it is necessary to consider how the drainage system will be equipped, since it is advisable to carry out all excavation work immediately. For example, in parallel with the alignment, lay pipes.​
2. Alignment activities are usually carried out in a complex. Therefore, the prices of specialized organizations providing such services are quite high. They may vary by region, but on average they are:
3. Even if you are lucky and the ground is relatively flat, you will still have to level individual segments of the territory - for the construction of a house, a sports or playground, a decorative lawn or something else. There are several methods, the complexity of which and the amount of work depend entirely on the size of the site and its features (for example, the degree of slope).​
4. The quality of the leveling of the lawn area depends on general form and longevity of the green lawn. The whole creation process flat surface can be divided into several stages:
5. The vertical cultivator is more powerful and bulky. This technique is indispensable for the processing of virgin soil. The cultivator is equipped with vertical "forks" that rotate inside the soil. An additional plus of using a cultivator is the cleansing of the soil from weeds.​
6. Correct the evenness of the site: transfer the excess earth from the mounds to the depressions and pits on the site.
7. pitchfork and roller.

Leveling the site with the help of special equipment: the price of the issue

For the implementation of many design solutions a level ground is required. For example, bulk alpine slides, ponds and winter gardens look beautiful and natural if the rest of the surface of the site is even. Create Japanese garden stones can only be obtained on a smooth platform.

If the area is too large, you can not do without special equipment: bulldozer and tractor. In order not to pay too much money for equipment rental, pre-set specific tasks and calculate the mechanism for their implementation. The finishing touches can also be done by hand. Now you know what is needed in order to level the site. The price of the issue is cost savings and moral satisfaction from the work done.​

A wheelbarrow for the removal of soil and debris.

• ― medium.
• Many homeowners are dissatisfied appearance the surface of their possessions. Part of the plots in the SNT are located on former agricultural lands, which have been plowed up for years for potatoes. Accordingly, ruts from the passages of equipment remained in the sections. In other areas, the owners themselves, by mistake, first plowed the site. After that, clods of inverted soil remained, which eventually turned into bumps.
• Departure of an employee to survey the territory and consult the owner - from 2,600 to 4,100 rubles;
• Let's consider the most effective and available ways leveling the land, which are available for do-it-yourself.​
• Site marking. Place metal or wooden pegs around the perimeter of the area under the lawn in increments of about 60 cm. Stretch the cord between the pegs. ​

How to level the site with an excavator: video

After 2 weeks, it is necessary to check the quality of the leveling, if necessary, add earth.

Consider how to level the site in the country:

Land leveling is a difficult process that takes a lot of time and physical strength. A number of measures to create a smooth surface are best left to professionals, and some work can be done independently. Here are a few recommendations that will help you plan your workflow correctly and get the desired result.​

The soil cover is almost always far from a perfectly even cover. However, many owners of suburban areas think about leveling the territory only when it is necessary to equip the lawn. However, this is not the main reason why it is necessary to give the landscape a “smoothness” and evenness.​

Features of creating a flat area for a garden

Chopper and garden rake.

​Mechanized columns or fleet companies construction equipment. First of all, they offer the delivery of soil and backfilling of the site. After all, these are the most expensive, and therefore profitable works in which you can use the equipment as much as possible. They are able to level the area with a tractor bucket, they rarely offer auxiliary workers. If you are wondering about the leveling of the land, it is worth determining best way and time. This is not about the season of the year, but about the order of work in the development of the site. The starting point is the construction of the house as the main building. If you don't have a home yet or plan to demolish it old house, and in return to build a new one, then it’s worth talking about a rough layout or backfilling of the site. These works precede construction. Further, construction equipment will drive into the site, a house will be built, communications will be laid. And only after that it is worth talking about the final leveling for the lawn.​

1. uprooting of stumps, removal of trees (shrubs) and the like - from 500 rubles / piece;
2. Everything is pretty simple here. In order to make the alignment better, you need to divide the intended territory into separate areas (rectangles or squares, as it is more convenient). To do this, the site is marked with the help of milestones (wooden pegs, pieces of reinforcement), which are fixed in the ground at the "nodal" points. Cords are stretched between them, which designate individual segments.
3. Clear the area of ​​stones, branches, debris and weeds. Saltpeter can be used to remove stumps. ​
4. When arranging beds for planting vegetable crops stick to general rules land leveling. However, in this case, the requirements for the evenness of the site are not so high and all work can be done independently.​

Plow the area in different directions cultivator and level the surface with a rake.​ Inspect the site and determine the average height point. It must be repelled from it when leveling the site. If the surface needs to be raised, then the highest point on the site is taken into account during work.​

1. The first step is to determine the purpose of the site and its separate zones(building site, arranging a garden, placing a swimming pool, etc.). At this stage, it is advisable to coordinate your plans with a specialist in the field of land works. The land surveyor will conduct an analysis soil composition, check the location ground water and will issue recommendations for further operation of the site. ​
2. This question can be considered in three aspects.
3. Several long (more than two meters) wooden bars.

Lawn leveling sequence

1. In the photo: removing bumps by plowing
2. ​surface leveling using special equipment - from 35 rubles / m².​
3. The reference point is the highest place on the marked area. If additional backfilling is expected (for example, a fertile layer), then the cord rises by 4 - 5 cm.
4. Remove the top layer of soil from the site, move it outside the marked area.
5. Method 1
6. The use of equipment for leveling sites is justified with a large area of ​​​​land, a significant amount of work, in the presence of reinforcement, old slabs, stumps and other obstacles. And also, if the height difference on the site is more than 200 mm.​
7. Drive a peg into the selected point. The height of the peg should be 10 cm higher than the highest point on the site. ​
8. ​Before leveling, it is necessary to determine the slope of the relief and the direction of the runoff.​
9. Construction.

Wooden pegs to hammer into the ground, marking the territory.

― high.

strport.ru

How to level the land with your own hands - detailed instructions

We will figure out what and how to level the site. There are several ways that differ not so much in price as in expediency.​

Plus to this - the acquisition of soil (if backfilling is necessary), fare, loading / unloading. You may have to cut off part of it and take it out - this is another additional fee. There are enough nuances.

This "grid" can be located either in a horizontal plane or at an angle. Last option usually not used often. For example, in areas where it is planned to equip a decorative lawn with a certain slope.​

If the lower soil layer is hard, then it must be plowed with a walk-behind tractor or dug manually.

For minor elevation changes

- suitable for small areas.

For work they use: mini-equipment (mini-bulldozers and mini-excavators), a tractor, a cultivator, a bulldozer and a grader.

From the reference peg, break the grid of squares. Optimal size squares - 1 * 1 m. If the relief has a significant slope, then the number of dimensions of the squares must be reduced (50 * 50 cm).​

The whole complex of land works involves moving or pouring earth. The complexity of the activities depends on the area of ​​the territory to be developed, the initial relief and the desired result. Part of the work (alignment small playground under the garden) can be done with a shovel and rake, and for other manipulations you will need to involve special equipment.

In order for the load on the foundation of the house to be distributed evenly, it is very important to build on a flat area. This is especially true for pile and strip foundation. Permissible height difference - 0.5 meters. When building a house on a monolithic base, the presence of irregularities is not so significant.

Building level.

With significant slopes

Option "No. 1

Companies specializing in landscape works and leveling areas. Such companies can not only carry out a high-altitude survey and, according to it, level the site in the country, but also do all the work, from cleaning to sowing the lawn on the leveled area. As a result, when ordering several works for the alignment itself, a discount is often given. This also happens when contacting the ZEMLECHIST company. You can get acquainted with the current prices for leveling the site here.​

METHOD number 1.

Option number 2

​When large areas intended for alignment, it is advisable to use the technique. But what is it? If you rent a bulldozer, the work will be done relatively quickly. But this machine will cut off part of the fertile layer, and damage part. Therefore, one way or another, you will have to buy land.

All the rest of the work consists in cutting the hillocks and filling the recesses in other cells of the "grid" with this earth. In principle, it is needed only to visually make it easier to control the quality of alignment over the entire area. Therefore, the distances between the cords are chosen arbitrarily, depending on the initial state (roughness) of the soil.​

Move the earth from elevated places to lower places.

Remove the fertile topsoil and lay it out along the edge of the site.

Approximate cost of work

A full list of services for assessing the condition of the soil and leveling the site can be provided by a specialized company. The cost of the work varies depending on the area of ​​​​the site, the season and the complexity (presence of obstacles):​

• The vertices of the squares should be located in a single horizontal plane. To check, you must use a level.​
• It is not advisable to store the raised top fertile soil layer for more than 3-4 weeks. This can lead to the death of beneficial aerobic microorganisms that are involved in enriching the soil with oxygen. ​
• Another, not unimportant moment is the arrangement of paths around the perimeter of the house. They perform the role of not only a pedestrian zone, but also protect the foundation from the lateral pressure of the soil. The greatest load on the base occurs in early spring, when the soil freezes and its volume increases. Of course, pouring an asphalt path or laying it out of tiles is much easier on a flat, rather than distorted surface.

Rope, wire, broom and other necessary little things.

Loosening and final alignment. In this case, the plowing of the land is carried out with a walk-behind tractor or a mini tractor with a rototiller, and the leveling itself is done with a rake. The method is applicable in preparing the soil for a lawn. Allows you to eliminate pits and bumps up to 15 cm in height.​

Therefore, when determining the cost of such leveling, it is necessary to sum up all the costs - for the use of equipment + the price of black soil with delivery to the site. In addition, you will have to deal with its spreading over the site and additional leveling of the surface.

​If it is planned to use this area for planting plants (arranging beds, flower beds, lawn), then it is advisable to cut off the top layer by about 8-10 cm in order to completely remove the entire grass root system. After that, the purchased fertile soil is added.

Return the removed sod to its place.

Level the site: remove the soil from the hills and fill it into depressions and pits.

Consultation and departure of a specialist to the place - 3000-4000 rubles;

After breaking down the entire site into sections, it will become clearly visible where it is necessary to add land, and where to remove the excess.

Leveling of the site must be carried out in dry weather.

Gardening and horticulture

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3 ways to better level the site in the country

When should the site be leveled?

Before leveling the site with your own hands, you need to make certain preparatory work, which will facilitate your further actions.​

​― low and profitable!.​

METHOD number 2.

How to level a plot with and without a slope?

As a rule, private land plots for building or gardening do not exceed a few acres. If we are talking about a territory larger than 4 - 5, then it is better to use a cultivator (with the appropriate attachments). With this unit, alignment is also relatively fast, but much more accurate. The cost of renting a cultivator is on average from 1,400 rubles for 1 - 2 days. If the lease term is longer, then the final price is slightly lower.​

In some cases, leveling comes down to banal tamping of the soil. For example, for arranging paths. The simplest ice rink is easy to make yourself using metal barrel, along the longitudinal axis of which is inserted steel pipe. To give the rink the required weight, a solution of cement (concrete) is poured inside. Well, how to assemble such a device, no explanation is required. After 2 weeks, install marked pegs on the site (the mark is applied at a height of 10 cm). Place the pegs at 9 points and align them with a long beam. ​

Return the fertile soil layer to its place, evenly distributing it over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site. removal of trees and shrubs - 500-1000 rubles / unit (depending on the diameter of the trunk);

Remove excess soil and pour into holes. ​ Before leveling the soil at their summer cottage, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work:

. Insignificant slopes of the suburban area do not have a special effect on the yield of fruit and vegetable crops. However, planting, caring for and harvesting is still easier on level ground. If there are no differences in height on the surface, then it is easier to dig holes and weed the beds. In addition, water consumption for watering plants is significantly reduced.​

Who and how much to pay for a flat area?

We clean the area from bushes, grass, thorns, twigs and other little things that prevent us from determining surface irregularities. This can be done quickly and efficiently with the help of a good durable rake, a garbage cart, a shovel, a broom.​

1. In the end, I would like to remind you about the culture of work production. If your site is not a bare field, if it has a fence, trees, buildings, then pay special attention to the accuracy of the contractor. When performing work on the site, there must be a responsible foreman. This man makes sure that the walk-behind tractor does not cut water pipe, the tractor did not hook on the fence post, and when the soil was brought in, the necks were not covered fruit trees which leads to their death. In the ZEMLECHIST company, work always takes place only under the guidance of an experienced foreman. Planning or leveling the existing soil. Tractor bucket can move large volumes ground and smoothing unevenness up to 1 meter in height. Work can be carried out both "by eye" and according to pre-set elevations. But in any case, for a private trader, this option is preferable to hiring heavy construction equipment. The peculiarity of the work is that it is advisable to make “driving” in perpendicular directions over the entire leveling area.​
2. Here, much depends on the steepness of such a slope and the future plans of the owner. Many people are not at all afraid of a large bias, on the contrary. For example, a decorative lawn on a slope that looks great against the background beautiful home, looks quite original and attractive. In this case, the general procedure is not much different from the one already indicated. The only difference is that the entire site will be tilted to one side.​ ​Correct the surface: add earth or remove excess.​ After 1-2 weeks, the site can be used for its intended purpose.
3. Leveling with a bulldozer - 40-80 rubles / m2; Leave the site for 2 weeks - the land should “settle”. Then remove the pegs and level the area with a rake. Clean the surface of stones, debris, uproot stumps and roots.

A flat surface is one of the main conditions for arranging a lawn on garden plot. A smooth surface is essential for several reasons:​

How to prepare the ground for the lawn Planting shrubs on the lawn

Often, new landowners are faced with the problem of an uneven site: potholes, slopes, pits, and so on. Many people think that it will take a lot of effort and financial investments to correct the situation. In this article, we will figure out how to level a plot in a country house under or under a garden, how difficult or easy it is to do.

When to start

A house has already been built on the site, engineering and communication work has been completed, and it's time to start arranging places for recreation, garden walkways, and some kind of decor. The paths around the house will not only ennoble externally, but also protect against the pressure of the soil layer on the foundation, and along the footpaths you can easily get to any corner of the site, even if the earth is washed away after rain.

In order for all these works to be carried out with high quality, the site must be prepared by removing all possible irregularities on its surface. As for the beds or lawns, here a flat surface is simply vital.

With a flat area, firstly, water is consumed sparingly, and secondly, evenly. In another case, moisture will not be enough on the elevations, and in excess in the pits, which can provoke root rot.

The most suitable period for leveling the land is autumn, flat areas need to be dug up and left until spring. During the rainy season and winter snows, subjected to temperature changes and moisture, the soil will significantly settle, saturate useful substances and in the spring will be ready for planting cultivated plants.

What and how to level the site

There are several options for leveling the site in the country, but first you need to carry out preparatory work: uprooting stumps, garbage collection, large stones and boulders.

Manually

For handmade will need:

• wooden bars-pegs;
• a skein of twine;
• tape measure and garden tools.

Drive in pegs along the edges of the proposed garden, pull the twine over them so that it is even in height above the entire surface - this will be a guide.

The hills are removed with a shovel, the top layer is laid aside. If the roots of plants remain in the ground, they are taken out with the chopping movements of a shovel. The pits immediately fall asleep, taken from the hills.
After the work done, they pass around the entire perimeter with a rake, and then, so that the earth does not sag, they ram it with a skating rink. The skating rink can be made independently: we weight the barrel with crushed stone or a small stone, close it and roll it over the surface of the soil.

After some time, the soil will still shrink, it will be necessary to add the top layer and compact it again.

Did you know? Sandy soil, despite the lack of nutrients, has one valuable quality: due to its granular structure, it does not retain moisture, easily passes oxygen, and root rot in such soil has no chance of survival.

Before carrying out work, it is advisable to make sure that the soil on the site is suitable for growing cultivated plants. Good nutrient soil must be at least half a meter (top layer).

Soil mixtures can be purchased at specialized stores, clay soil it is desirable to dilute with sand for a more uniform structure.

Motoblock or cultivator

If the land allotment is large, from 5 hectares, then the best way how to level the ground on the site - this is using or. Such processing with the help of attachments eliminates irregularities up to 15 cm deep.

Important! After such a procedure, it is desirable to cultivate the land with steam. Simple steam treatment comes down to watering the soil with boiling water, the procedure destroys harmful microorganisms in the upper layer, as well as weed seeds. For large areas order processing steam engine, carry out the treatment with sulfur, copper oxide.

They pass through the allotment several times in different directions, and then finally level it with a rake, removing plant debris and stones at the same time. In this case, you can also stretch the level so that the final alignment is perfect.

Tractor

In the case of a heavily neglected allotment of land, it is advisable to order work. The bucket of the machine is capable of capturing and leveling layers of earth up to a meter deep. Plowing is recommended to be carried out in two directions: along and across.

Alignment Features

It cannot be said that some irregularities on the surface of the earth will negatively affect the yield, but planting and caring for crops is much more convenient and practical on even beds. They are easier to weed, loosen, water is spent more economically during irrigation.

under the lawn

The attractiveness and well-groomedness of the lawn directly depends on the smooth surface of the land allotment. Due to the holes in which water will collect, the lawn will constantly get wet, the grass will rot at the roots; bumps and mounds on the surface will make mowing the lawn much more difficult. How to level the area under the lawn with your own hands, let's figure it out.

With the help of pegs and twine, levels are set, in places that deviate greatly from the level, they remove the layer, covering it with matting, and leave it in the shade. The depressions are covered with (prepared) imported soil, the tubercles are cut off.
With a small layer of nutrient soil, imported fertile soil is mixed with soil removed from the surface of the lawn. Heavy soil is mixed with sand, and only 20% of the total composition is added to the latter.

Important! If the lawn has big swings on the surface, then the top layer must be removed completely, and not partially. It is not advisable to keep it under a canopy covered for more than a month, during which time the beneficial microorganisms in it will die without air access.

Plot with slope

Consider how to properly level the site with a slope. To raise a large slope, soil unsuitable for planting or sand left over from construction may come in handy.

The optimal plot for building, the location of the lawn, garden and garden arrangement is considered to be a flat surface of the earth. Let us assume a slight slope towards the south, but no more than two degrees. Of course, such a site is a rarity, and in most cases, before proceeding with the improvement of the territory, a number of measures must be taken to level the surface.

The need for land leveling

The soil cover is almost always far from a perfectly even cover. However, many owners of suburban areas think about leveling the territory only when it is necessary to equip the lawn. However, this is not the main reason why it is necessary to give the landscape a "smoothness" and evenness.

This issue can be considered in three aspects.

Construction. In order for the load on the foundation of the house to be distributed evenly, it is very important to build on a flat area. This is especially true for pile and strip foundations. Permissible height difference - 0.5 meters. When building a house on a monolithic base, the presence of irregularities is not so significant.

Another, not unimportant point is the arrangement of paths around the perimeter of the house. They perform the role of not only a pedestrian zone, but also protect the foundation from the lateral pressure of the soil. The greatest load on the base occurs in early spring, when the soil freezes and its volume increases. Of course, pouring an asphalt path or laying it out of tiles is much easier on a flat, rather than distorted surface.

Gardening and horticulture. Insignificant slopes of the suburban area do not have a special effect on the yield of fruit and vegetable crops. However, planting, caring for and harvesting is still easier on level ground. If there are no differences in height on the surface, then it is easier to dig holes and weed the beds. In addition, water consumption for watering plants is significantly reduced.

A flat surface is one of the main conditions for arranging a lawn in a garden plot. A smooth surface is necessary for several reasons:

1. Aesthetic appeal - a smooth green lawn looks more beautiful than a lawn with holes and bumps.
2. On a smooth surface, lawn mixtures take root better.
3. Irrigation or rain water can stagnate in hollows and depressions. This leads to "wetting" and damage to the lawn. Excessive moisture often causes diseases.
4. Bumps and protrusions on the grass cover make it difficult to operate the lawn mower.

Decorative. For the implementation of many design decisions, a leveled ground surface is required. For example, voluminous alpine slides, ponds and winter gardens look beautiful and natural if the rest of the site is flat. Creating a Japanese rock garden can only be done on a smooth platform.

Land leveling is a difficult process that takes a lot of time and physical strength. A number of measures to create a smooth surface are best left to professionals, and some work can be done independently. Here are some recommendations that will help you plan your workflow correctly and get the desired result.

The main methods of leveling the site

How to level the land with your own hands: a flat and sloping surface

Before leveling the soil at their summer cottage, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work:

1. Clean the surface of stones, debris, uproot stumps and roots.
2. Remove the vegetation layer from the entire area.

The tractor for leveling the site is not entirely suitable. After its work, the surface will appear smooth only at a certain distance. Holes and mounds will remain on the ground, so this technique can only be trusted with rough work.

To level the suburban area with your own hands, you will need the following tools and materials:

• building level (can be made independently from a watering hose and two transparent plastic tubes);
• wooden pegs;
• shovel and rake;
• pitchfork and skating rink.

Consider how to level the site in the country:

This method is suitable for small horizontal areas. If you plan to maintain a slope on the territory, then you need to act differently:

Leveling the site with the help of special equipment: the price of the issue

The use of equipment for leveling sites is justified with a large area of ​​\u200b\u200bland, a significant amount of work, in the presence of reinforcement, old slabs, stumps and other obstacles. And also, if the height difference in the area is more than 200 mm.

For work they use: mini-equipment (mini-bulldozers and mini-excavators), a tractor, a cultivator, a bulldozer and a grader.

A full list of services for assessing the condition of the soil and leveling the site can be provided by a specialized company. The cost of the work varies depending on the area of ​​​​the site, the season and the complexity (presence of obstacles):

• consultation and departure of a specialist to the place - 3000-4000 rubles;
• removal of trees and shrubs - 500-1000 rubles / unit (depending on the diameter of the trunk);
• leveling with a bulldozer - 40-80 rubles / m2;
• work of a cultivator - from 30 rubles / m2;
• equipment rental - 1500-2000 rubles for 1 hour of work.

Important! The cost of leveling the site in winter will be higher by about 200-300 rubles / m2 - it is much more difficult to work with frozen soil

The technology of leveling with special equipment depends on the degree of unevenness and the type of equipment used. In the presence of significant ravines and pits, preliminary processing with a bucket is required. With the help of machinery, pits and trenches are buried with soil, and the excess soil after work is distributed over the territory.

The cultivator performs the final leveling of the earth. For work use a horizontal and vertical cultivator. Horizontal has a compact size, is easy to use and can work with a light loader (processing of the upper horizontal soil layers).

The vertical cultivator is more powerful and bulky. This technique is indispensable for the processing of virgin soil. The cultivator is equipped with vertical "forks" that rotate inside the soil. An additional plus of using a cultivator is the cleansing of the soil from weeds.

How to level the site with an excavator: video

Features of creating a flat area for a garden

When arranging beds for planting vegetables, they adhere to the general rules for leveling the land. However, in this case, the requirements for the evenness of the site are not so high and all work can be done independently.

Method 1- suitable for small areas.

1. Remove the fertile topsoil and lay it out along the edge of the site.
2. Level the site: remove the soil from the hills and fill it into depressions and pits.
3. Return the fertile soil layer to its place, evenly distributing it over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site.
4. After 1-2 weeks, the site can be used for its intended purpose.

Method 2- for large areas.

1. Plow the ground twice. The first time - in the longitudinal direction, the second - in the transverse direction.
2. Pass twice with a cultivator, select weed roots from the soil.
3. "Roll" the site. You can use a heavy board or a barrel filled with water.

Lawn leveling sequence

The general appearance and durability of the green lawn depends on the quality of the leveling of the lawn area. The whole process of creating a flat surface can be divided into several stages:

Advice! Rolling is best done in two directions (longitudinally and across the site). This will remove the "air pockets"

Leveling the site (lawn, building or gardening) is a responsible process that cannot be neglected. Before leveling, you need to correctly calculate your strength. In a small area, all work can be done independently, and for arranging a large area, you will have to use special equipment.