Why is the seedling not growing? Situations when apple trees do not grow, what to do? Tips from professional gardeners Apple tree grows slowly what to do

Several factors have been identified that affect the growth, flowering and fruiting of the apple tree. Before asking the question: why does the apple tree not grow, it is necessary to study the features of the planted variety. If a winter two-year-old seedling was planted, it will begin to bear fruit only after 7-8 years. summer plants they begin to please summer residents with their fruits a little earlier - in the 5-6th year. And columnar trees - for the 2-3rd year. If the apple tree was planted on a dwarf rootstock, it will yield a crop after 2 years.

There are other reasons for the slow growth of the tree. Among them:

• the variety is not suitable for climatic conditions;
• the seedling was incorrectly planted;
• the process of crown formation was disrupted;
• the soil is not suitable for growing an apple tree;
• there is a deficiency or excess in the soil nutrients;
• ground water lie high;
• the plant did not receive the necessary care.

Tree planted too deep in the ground

This is one of the main reasons for poor tree growth. Its root neck needs to be positioned slightly above the soil. Otherwise, the bark will begin to rot due to the fact that the trunk is not adapted to be located in the soil. In the presence of such a problem, the plant will not form buds, fruits.

Vertical position of branches

Basically, the apple tree begins to set fruit on horizontal branches. If the summer resident incorrectly formed the crown, the branches will tend upward. To remedy this situation, you need to hang a load on the edge of the branch.

Lack of any element

The process of tree development is affected by nutrient deficiencies. This is especially true for potassium, iron, zinc.

Potassium

Potassium deficiency can be recognized by the pallor of the leaves. At the same time, their color becomes dull, green-blue. Then the foliage begins to curl and wrinkle. Gradually, the foliage turns yellow, acquires a purple-red hue.

Gland

Iron deficiency can manifest itself in the absence of buds, yellowing of the foliage. To fix the problem, it is recommended to dig a few rusty things under the tree, spray the trunk with a 0.1% solution iron sulphate.

Zinc

Zinc deficiency is mainly observed when the seedling is planted in black soil with a high content of phosphorus compounds. You can recognize the problem by small leaves, slow growth of branches, small apples. Gradually, the fruits begin to change their taste, the branches dry up, and the leaves turn white in the vein area.

Too much or too little of a micronutrient

Not only a deficiency of a nutrient or trace element can affect the growth of a tree, but also its excess.

nitrogen

An excess of nitrogenous compounds can be detected if the foliage of the plant becomes dark green tint, the branches are different active growth, but with a softened structure. At the same time, there are few flowers on the plant.

Nitrogen deficiency can be recognized by the weak branching of the plant. The shoots become short, and the apples are small. Young leaves are distinguished by their small size, the location of the petioles at an acute angle relative to the branch.

Phosphorus

With a small amount of phosphorus compounds in the soil, the shoots are characterized by slow growth and curvature. Leaves turn dull dark green color with a reddish, purple tint.

With an excess of phosphorus, the appearance of small foliage is observed. In this case, the leaves are twisted, covered with growths.

Insect infestation and tree diseases

The growth and development of an apple tree can be negatively affected by damage to a tree by pests or diseases. It is worth considering that the tree should be regularly inspected for the presence of their vital activity.

What kind of soil does apple trees grow on?

In some cases, the slow growth of the apple tree is affected by the soil. Therefore, when such a problem appears, it is necessary to find out what kind of soil is located on the site. Apple trees do not grow well on sandstones, sandy loams, loams. This is due to a lack of nutrients in them.

On putrid soil

When planting a plant on putrefactive soil, it is more likely to be exposed to diseases, it grows worse. This is due to the fact that such soil does not allow for a full supply of oxygen to the roots. It also does not include required amount nutrients, water stagnation is formed.

On peat

Peat soil is different in that it forms a deficiency of copper, potassium, phosphorus compounds, magnesium. Peat is also characterized by high acidity, which is why the apple tree cannot fully develop in it.

Why aren't apple trees growing?

Apple trees may differ in slow growth in other cases. Sometimes they stop growing after performing the pruning procedure.

After trimming

When carrying out a hard pruning that captures several skeletal branches, the apple tree will need time to recover, which will cause it to lag behind in growth. You can cope with this situation by feeding the plant complex fertilizer.

On a dwarf root

Dwarf apple trees can stop growing for any of the reasons above. This is due to the fact that they require the same care as tall plants. The main reason poor development such trees is that they are planted on unsuitable soil.

Dwarf trees differ in that their root system does not go deep into the soil and is able to draw nutrients only from its upper layers.

tall

If the columnar apple tree does not grow in height, it is necessary to pay attention to the area where it is planted. If it is in a draft, in the shade, the plant will develop poorly. Also, the apple tree will grow slowly if a damaged seedling was used for planting.

Causes of poor growth of apple seedlings

When buying seedlings, you need to ask the seller where they were delivered from. For cultivation, it is necessary to take seedlings that were grown in the region where planting is planned. In this case, the plant will be resistant to regional climatic conditions.

The best option is to buy a seedling that is 1-3 years old. In this case, the plant must have well-developed roots.

First year

If the seedling does not grow for the first year, it is necessary to check whether an apple tree that has died has grown in this place before. If other adult plantings are located nearby, they should be freed from dry branches, old bark and then whiten. After planting seedlings, their trunks should also be whitewashed.

Second year

When the planting does not grow for the second year, it is necessary to check the soil on the site. Particular attention should be paid to the depth of groundwater. Another reason is the damage to the tree by diseases or pests.

Third year

When the apple tree does not grow even the third year after planting, it means that the soil is not suitable for it or climatic conditions. Also, this situation can arise if the soil contains the remains of an old tree.

What to do to resume growth

What to do if the landing has stopped growing? First of all, it is necessary to find a factor that affects the slowdown in its growth. Next, the summer resident needs to eliminate it. It is worth considering that after eliminating the cause of the slow growth of the plant, it will take time to recover.

Gardener cultivating fruit trees on the site, faces growing problems. He wonders what to do if the pear does not grow well. There may be several reasons. It is important to determine exactly why development stopped. Then eliminate the cause and continue to care for the plants.

The main reason for the weak spread of culture is that the tree takes root poorly. Therefore, many summer residents do not want to grow pears in the plots at all. There are several reasons for poor survival. Before you decide to get rid of a seedling that has frozen in development, you should figure out how you can help it. The gardener is able to correct the situation. The exact cause must be determined.

Applying too much fertilizer

When planting, the gardener seeks to feed the seedling as much as possible. Sometimes too overzealous.

Mineral fertilizers kill beneficial bacteria that create a nutrient medium for the root system and the entire seedling.

Enter with care organic fertilizers. When decomposed, they burn the roots. In addition, insufficient oxygen supply interferes with normal decomposition. At the same time, they stand out harmful substances. They interfere with the development and growth of the tree, slowing down or completely stopping.

Pests eat roots

A pear stops developing if pests appear in its measles system. Inspection will help determine their presence. appearance sapling, but it is very difficult to do this. Since there are diseases in which the leaves on the trees dry or turn black. Just like in the presence of a pest in the root system.

A common problem with young plant roots is a larva that has appeared in them. Maybug. It harms young shoots, preventing them from growing and giving good nutrition to the tree. In winter, not only insects winter in the roots, but also rodents, they are also able to destroy the pear.

Tree diseases

The presence of any disease inhibits the development of a seedling. culture is susceptible different kind diseases: fungal, viral and others. These include:

• scab;
• moniliosis;
• bacterial burn;
• black cancer;
• sooty fungus;
• powdery mildew;
• rust and others.

In order for a tree to start growing, it is necessary to monitor its field health. Will help timely processing plants. Used by gardeners chemicals or folk remedies. The use of chemicals is foreseen only in early spring and autumn in preparation for winter. It should be remembered that harmful substances are deposited in the fruits of the tree.

Summer residents choose disease-resistant varieties for planting. Then there is no need for processing. But if there are other crops in the garden, gardeners also process disease-resistant species for safety net.

Over watering

No fruit tree likes excess moisture. small plant needs watering more often than a mature tree. But it also suffers more from excess. When choosing a place and forming a landing pit, it is recommended to create drainage layer It will help get rid of excess moisture.

Planted trees do not need to be watered every other day. Should be considered weather, depth of groundwater and others external factors. Gardeners recommend mulching the trunk circle. Then the moisture stays longer. In addition, a layer of mulch will keep weeds from growing. This will be prevention against diseases. Water rarely, but plentifully. After each watering, loosening is carried out trunk circle, if mulch is not used.

Small landing hole

It is important to observe the dimensions of the landing pit. For most varieties of culture, it is standard. Diameter 1 m, depth 0.6-0.8 m. If it is not deep enough or wide enough, the roots of the seedling do not straighten as needed, but bend inward. And improper root growth slows down or stops the growth of the seedling. When planting, make sure that the roots in the planting hole are even.

The location of the roots of the plant at a shallow depth

If you do not water the soil during planting, then the roots of the pear risk remaining at a shallow depth. This arrangement of the root system does not fulfill the functions assigned to them.

Consequently, the tree dries up quickly, receives less useful substances and stops growing and developing.

In order to avoid this problem, during planting, the gardener carefully monitors how the seedling is covered with soil. At the end of planting, it is recommended even to compact the soil. Then the roots will be at a normal depth and will perform their assigned tasks.

lack of lighting

Gardeners do not attach importance to where they are going to plant a seedling. And then they ask others why their tree is not growing. The reason is insufficient lighting. Pear is not getting enough sunlight. As a result, it develops very slowly, not at all pleasing the owners. The summer resident begins to think about the variety, but the reason is not so global. When planting, it is necessary to take into account that the culture loves illuminated areas that are closed from the wind.

Improper watering and fertilizing

Gardeners advise watering and fertilizing correctly. It is impossible to pour on the trunk and branches, if this is not provided for by the instructions, in cases where top dressing is foliar.

A groove is formed around the trunk, watered strictly into it. They do this because most of the roots that absorb moisture and nutrients are located there. Observing this requirement, the summer resident will not lose the tree.

Wetting of the root collar

The signal that this is happening is the premature reddening of the leaves. This happens because summer residents feed trees too much. Another reason gardeners call a large accumulation of melt water in the area or directly near the tree.

Mature trees are resistant to damping off, so they do not have such a problem.

Error in installing a peg near the trunk

The supporting peg is installed in landing pit at the very beginning, even when digging, and not after planting a seedling. The role of the peg is to support the fragile tree in strong gusts of wind. An insufficiently deepened stake near the trunk damages the young roots of the seedling and harms its development.

Poor growth of an adult plant

A pear in adulthood can also grow poorly. There are several reasons:

1. Lack of nutrients. spring mineral fertilizers, autumn organics. In the middle of summer, plants are also watered with complex fertilizers of mineral composition.
2. Incorrect crown formation. Pruning is done annually. Preferably in autumn. Sanitary cleaning of the tree is carried out throughout the season. The gardener removes dry and diseased branches. Helping the plant grow and develop further.

An adult pear also stops developing. Only in this case, the gardener also loses part of the crop.

Violation of planting technique

Growing a pear, follow the recommendations experienced summer residents. Any violation during planting leads to the fact that the tree slows down in development or does not grow at all. The pear does not tolerate transplantation well, so summer residents need to be extremely careful and attentive to details. Strictly observe the planting pattern, properly dig a planting hole, plant so as not to deepen the root neck, and much more. Taking into account all the nuances will help to avoid possible problems in future.

Prevention

Sometimes it's easier to prevent than to fix. possible mistakes. Preventive work is:

• in compliance with all landing requirements;
• in fulfillment of agrotechnical requirements;
• timely treatment from pests and diseases.

The correct selection of the variety plays an important role, the acclimatized species feels better in familiar conditions. The tree grows quickly, with proper care it bears fruit in the 3-4th year after planting.

Conclusion

Growing a pear is not an easy process. The gardener puts in a lot of effort and patience. Diligence leads to the fact that the summer resident receives the declared harvest from the planted tree. The pear requires attention, care and care; if these requirements are met, there will be no problems with its cultivation.

The most common reason is unsuitable soil and climatic conditions to which young trees cannot adapt. In areas where groundwater is too close to the surface of the earth, it will not be possible to grow a garden if you do not build bulk hills about 1.5 m high. In addition, you need to buy seedlings on undersized or medium-sized stocks - their root system suffers to a lesser extent from excess moisture.

Sandy, super sandy and loamy soils are unfavorable for growing apple trees and other fruit trees. They are poor in organic matter necessary for growth. In loamy areas there is an excessive amount of moisture, which stagnates in the upper layers, and in sandy areas there is a lack of water. In addition, in little snow and frosty winters the root system of trees may die, despite the fact that the trunk has been insulated.

To grow apple trees on fertile soils, you need to dig holes 1.5 meters deep, pour 15-20 cm of clay on the bottom, and fill the hole itself with peat or black soil. If you are going to plant a tree immediately after preparing the pit, then in a couple of weeks add the earth, as the soil will settle by 10-15 cm.

Failure to comply with phytosanitary standards can also adversely affect the growth of apple trees. Young trees are not recommended in the place where the previous one died for any reason. Before planting young plants growing nearby, it is necessary to treat them from pests, whiten the trunks to the first fork of the branches. If the soil is infertile, it does not hurt to add a large number of non-aggressive fertilizers.

Too much fertilizer can kill young plantings. If you have fertile soil, you can refuse to fertilize.

How to choose seedlings

Sometimes the cause of all failures can be poor quality planting material. Do not buy varieties that are unsuitable for climate zone- they can get sick, not grow or even freeze out. It is best to contact a local nursery that has been selling seedlings for several years.

It is undesirable to buy seedlings from private traders - they can sell varieties of apple trees that do not take root in the conditions of Siberia and the Urals.

When choosing young trees, pay special attention to root system- it must be well developed. There should be no damage, putrefactive spots on the roots or trunk of seedlings. The stronger the tree, the faster it will take root and begin to bear fruit.

Why does an apple tree grow poorly

Why trees don't bear fruit

Poor fruiting of trees is a problem for many gardeners. Despite all the care for them, some trees stubbornly refuse to produce a crop. Of course, there are explanations for this. The main thing is to find the cause and correct the situation.

Poor fruiting affects many fruit trees, but primarily cherry trees. There may be several reasons for this. It often happens that the trees bloom, but the fruits are not tied. Most likely, the reason here is the wrong choice of seedling. It is recommended to purchase zoned planting material that corresponds to a specific region of growth, and not one that promises incredible high yield imported from overseas countries.

And it also happens that the trees do not bloom at all. This is possible if the plants are planted in the shade. Only green mass develops in such trees to the detriment of flower buds. The same thing can happen with too much nitrogen fertilizers introduced under fruit trees.

If during the day the weather changes dramatically from cold to hot, and also go heavy rains, then this is also the cause of falling flowers. If, when planting a seedling, the root collar was buried in the soil, then good harvest from such a tree is not worth waiting for. bad growth and the development of the tree in current year is another reason for poor fruiting in the future. There will be no good harvest of berries if pollinating trees bloom at different times in spring.

The reasons for poor fruiting of trees can be: insufficient watering, a thickened crown of trees and a lack of sunlight and air exchange as a result, as well as the development of various fungal diseases, planting seedlings in lowlands or on northern slopes, if groundwater passes too close to the soil surface, due to why the root system of plants rots.

Given all the nuances when planting fruit trees, you can avoid these mistakes and get a high yield of delicious berries.

Why indoor flowers transplanted in winter die

Last year, at the beginning of winter, I transplanted indoor plants such as arrowroot, dieffenbachia and sansevier, but after a month all the flowers I transplanted began to die. Tell me why houseplants are dying transplanted in winter and what should be done in this case?

Transfer time indoor plants You have chosen incorrectly.

After transplantation, plants should actively grow and take root in a new substrate, but starting from October, November, the growth processes in plants slow down.

Due to the decrease in illumination, the plants go into a dormant stage, the roots cannot master the new substrate and, due to excess moisture, begin to rot. best timing for transplantation, the spring months are considered: March, April and May, as well as the time from mid-August to September.

If you did not have time to transplant the plants before the end of September, then in this case it is better to wait for spring.

There are other reasons for the poor health of plants in winter time.

Maranta and dieffenbachia are also in winter period hard to tolerate dry air and because of this, they dry out

leaf edges. To prevent this from happening, they need to be sprayed with water as often as possible or created optimal conditions growth: put cuvettes with raw river sand for heating batteries.

Sansevera, unlike the two previous plants, belongs to succulent plants, that is, it accumulates moisture and is able to tolerate drought.

In winter, such a plant needs to be watered to a limited extent, in order to avoid decay, which happened to you.

By following these simple rules You will always have beautiful indoor flowers.

In order to create a balance between the root system and the crown of the apple tree, use pruning.

Remember that during transplantation, the root system decreases, therefore, the supply of nutrients to the crown decreases, and vice versa, if the number of crowns decreases, then the root system does not receive the necessary amount of nutrients that the leaf apparatus should deliver, which means that part the root system will soon die off.

Fruitful dwarf apple trees consume a large amount of nutrients from the crown, this is due to the fact that an apple tree with a small amount of root system was formed on a low-growing rootstock.

Therefore, whatever the fruits are crushed, the tree is pruned, thanks to which the nutrition of substances will be regulated, as well as the growth of many extra, small rootstocks that will take a lot of nutrients.

Therefore, with the help of pruning, the fruiting of an apple tree is regulated. In order to make a pruning, you need to know the quality of the kidneys, as well as the period of their awakening in the spring. Experienced gardeners know that the continuation shoots are the first to bloom, these are the apical buds of a young apple tree, they give a strong growth to the tree.

There is also a so-called competitive shoot, it is based on the fact that it is located near the upper kidney and is able to overtake the continuation shoot.

At the bottom of the shoot are buds that give new shoots and grow at an acute angle. In the middle of the shoot, the buds grow at a right angle. These buds bloom late and produce weak shoots, unlike the apical buds. But at the same time, if you remove the upper buds, then the middle buds will develop very well and give strong shoots.

Pruning with further crown formation

First of all, remember that pruning is carried out in early spring or autumn, until the shoots begin to grow.
Pruning is carried out on the inner or outer bud, it depends on the variety of the annual tree, to increase the crown in width, the shoot is directed to outside, this is necessary so that the apple tree is compact and the branches do not sag.

Consider the balance of development of branches, this is necessary for the normal shape of the stem, since strong branches can overtake weak ones, thereby preventing them from developing, after which they can dry out.

In the first year, there is no growth in transplanted apple trees, but in apple trees that are grown on permanent place, growth becomes normal. From this we can conclude that the development of growth may stop for one year.

Such apple trees may need pruning next year, which is necessary for the formation of second-order branches.
Depending on the development of the apple tree, the formation of branches of the second growth may occur 1-2 years later, this happens mainly with underdeveloped or transplanted apple trees.

In order to obtain a second order branch, cut off the skeletal branches above the selected buds. The distance from the trunk should be 30-35 cm for dwarf apple trees, and 40-50 cm for semi-dwarf ones.

From the trunk, continuation shoots develop, after which several more shoots and branches of the second order grow, these are the so-called semi-skeletal branches. Their location should be at an acute angle, but a fork should not form.

For the formation of buds, it is necessary to pinch and shorten the branches; for this, use shoots that have not entered the semi-skeletal branches. Further, semi-skeletal branches should be at the same distance.

Subsequently, branches of the third order are formed, they are usually called skeletal branches. Branches of the fourth order develop on them, these are fruit shoots, which are called overgrown branches.

Instruction

Gather information about the area before planting trees. Find out which varieties do well, what are the soil conditions, if there is a problem with harmful insects, the level of groundwater, etc. This information can be obtained from neighbors or experienced summer residents from the same area.

Using the information received, select the seedlings of the desired variety. Do not buy seedlings if they have aphids, dried or frozen roots, seals in the root system.

Determine the planting site based on the parameters of the variety. If you bought vigorous varieties, then the gap between rows and holes should be about 6 meters. If with restrained growth, then it should be planted at a distance of 3-4 meters from each other. Apple trees should be planted with north side territory, otherwise the shade from the trees will interfere with the growth of others fruit crops. Do not plant apple trees in a lowland where there is insufficient air circulation. Dig holes. The size of the pits should be 70-80 cm wide and 60 cm deep. Put the top layer of earth in one pile, and the bottom layer in another. Drive a stake into the center of the hole. The length of the stake should be about 1.5 meters. It is better to dig holes in advance, 2-4 weeks before planting seedlings. Start planting seedlings. Take a little upper ground and mix it with one bucket of humus. Put a mixture of earth and humus on the bottom of the hole. Form a mound near the stake. The height of the mound should be 40-50 cm. Place a seedling on the mound and straighten all the roots. Fill the hole with soil from the bottom layer. Make a small indentation around the hole. Gently water the seedling with four buckets of water. Add a little earth if after watering the soil has sagged and the roots are exposed. Repeat watering two weeks after planting. Gently tie the seedling to the stake without tightening the rope. Loosen the ground around the seedling every month.

Related videos

note

Apple trees are planted early autumn or early spring.

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The main reasons why apple trees grow poorly:

• non-zoned variety;
• improper planting of seedlings;
• incorrectly formed crown;
• wrong care.

Why doesn't the apple tree grow and bloom?

When landing, remember that winter varieties trees begin to produce apples only 7-8 years after planting a two-year-old seedling, while summer trees for 5-6 years, columnar trees bear fruit for 2-3 years, and on a dwarf rootstock - for 2 years.

Common mistakes why apple trees do not grow and what to do:

Too much penetration into the ground

Attention! The root neck of the tree should be located slightly above ground level, otherwise the bark will swell, since the trunk is not adapted to be in the soil, the tree will not bud and bear fruit.

If you still deepen the trunk too much when planting, then raise the apple tree or dig a hole around it.

Vertical position of branches

Apples, as a rule, are tied on branches that are located horizontally, so the crown should be formed correctly.

In order for the branch to be positioned correctly, you can attach a small weight to the edge of the branch, then change the weight to a heavier weight.

Here you need to take your time so that the branch does not break.

Deficiency or excess of any nutrient

iron deficiency

With a lack of iron, buds may not form, the leaves turn very yellow. You can bury several rusty metal objects under the tree, or sprinkle the trunk with a solution of iron sulfate (0.1%).

nitrogen deficiency

If you find that the trees branch weakly, there is no growth in the apple tree, they have shortened shoots, the apples become smaller and crumble, then this means that the tree does not have enough nitrogen.

The leaves may also be pale and have orange or reddish dots, then turn yellow and fall off.

Young leaves are very small, their petioles are at an acute angle from the branch, in addition to this, a very small number of apples are tied.

See how to prevent diseases of apple trees with minerals:

The most widely used nitrogen fertilizers for apple trees are:

• ammonium sulphate (ammonium sulfate);
• ammonium nitrate, poured with a solution of 30 g per bucket of water;
• carbamide (urea), with a lack of nitrogen, the leaves and branches are sprayed with a solution of 20-50 g of urea per bucket of water.

excess nitrogen

With too much nitrogen, the leaves turn dark green, the branches begin to grow actively, but the branches are soft, and there are very few flowers.

Enumeration of nitrogen fertilizers leads to the development of chlorosis along the edges of the leaves and between the veins, brownish necrotic spots appear on the leaves, they curl.

Trees can get sick with fungal diseases, and this may be the reason why the apple tree grows poorly, what to do in such a situation will be prompted by disease control methods.

Infection with basidiomycete or milky sheen.

Phosphorus deficiency

Shoots grow very slowly, they bend, old leaves of apple trees become dull, dark emerald in color, have a reddish, purple or bronze tint. Reddish and purple-brownish stripes and spots appear on the leaves. Stems, petioles and leaf veins lilac shade. The leaves become small, narrow, then dry and fall off.

Fertilizers with phosphorus:

• phosphate rock;
• simple superphosphate, if you find a lack of phosphorus, then sprinkle apple trees with a solution of 300 g of superphosphate in a bucket of water;
• double superphosphate;
• superphosphate granulated, precipitate.

Excess phosphorus

The leaves are small, dull, they curl up, growths are visible on them, the stems harden.

Zinc deficiency

This is most often manifested if trees are planted on chernozem soil with great content phosphorus.

After the buds open, the growth of branches and leaves is very slow. The leaves become small, in the form of lancets, between the veins they turn white. The branches are bare, their annual growth very small. Apples are small, they ripen very early, their taste is deteriorating. With a strong lack of zinc, the branches dry out.

For treatment, very early in the spring, even before the buds begin to bloom, the tree is sprayed with a 1-6% solution of zinc sulfate, if the lack of zinc is not very pronounced, then it is treated 3 times with a 0.3-0.5% solution of zinc sulfate with water , first after the buds open, then a week later.

They make such a concentration of the solution so as not to burn the leaves, because of this, 3 days before treatment, test spraying is carried out on one branch.

Potassium deficiency

The leaves become pale, dull, greenish-blue. They wrinkle, curl. Turns yellow first top part leaves, after the leaves turn yellow completely and become purple-reddish.

Watch video from experienced gardener about the lack of potassium in apple trees and what to do:

Watch video about potash fertilizers:

Of the fertilizers containing potassium for growing trees, the following are commonly used:

• potassium chloride,
• potassium sulfate (potassium sulfate),
• with a lack of potassium, trees are sprayed with a solution of 100 g per bucket of water, potassium salts.

Excess potassium

With an excess of potassium, the leaves become light green, spots are visible on them, they begin to grow slowly, and then dry and fall off.

lack of calcium

With a lack of calcium, the leaves first turn yellow, brownish spots form on them, their edges darken and twist. You can bring the calcium content back to normal by spraying the tree with a solution of 30-40 g of calcium chloride per bucket of water (10 l).

Diseases and insects

Carefully examine the branches and leaves to detect possible pests and diseases.

More than 20 types harmful insects live in apple trees.

Why doesn't the apple tree grow in height?

The most common reason is that the soil and climatic conditions are not suitable for the tree.

Attention! If groundwater is closer than 1 m, then the apple tree may die from excess moisture. But this drawback can be circumvented by pouring a 1.5 m high hill for planting. It is also advised to choose seedlings that have undersized or medium-sized (clonal) rootstocks, their roots can more easily withstand excess moisture.

The terrain also has a strong influence on the yield. Apple trees should not be planted in a lowland.

Before planting seedlings, trees and bushes growing near should be treated from pests, the trunks should be whitewashed.

It is not advised to plant young apple trees in the area where the previous apple tree died.

Agronomists have determined that the reason for this is earth fatigue, although the earth may have enough of the necessary fertilizers, but it is not suitable due to toxins that accumulate in the branches and leaves left from the previous tree.

Therefore, after uprooting the stump, this place is sown with clover, fescue. A year later, the soil is dug up, and next spring green manure is sown: rapeseed, mustard, and apple trees are planted only for 4 years.

But you can do it differently - partially replace the soil.

Dig a hole with a diameter of 0.7 m and a depth of 1 m. Put fresh earth in the hole, which was at a distance of 15 m from the hole and the old tree. Add organic matter to the soil. Then you can immediately plant a young seedling in the hole.

When its roots grow and go beyond the renewed soil, the toxins have already decomposed.

Apple tree does not grow after pruning

When you prune, keep in mind that if you cut several skeletal branches hard, the tree will recover and therefore lag behind in growth.

Feed with a compound fertilizer to avoid this.

Why don't apple trees grow in different types of soil?

On heavy clay soil, apple trees do not grow well and get sick more often. This is due to the fact that in such a land oxygen does not enter the roots of trees, there are not enough nutrients in such soil, stagnant water forms in it.

But this can be fixed:

To prevent groundwater from getting to the apple tree, dig a hole wide and shallow in depth. It is best to dig a hole, if you have clay soil, then 0.8-1 × 0.5 m in size.

Thoroughly tamp the bottom of the pit, coat the side walls with wet clay with a layer of 2-3 cm. After that, leave the pit for the clay to dry. If the clay coating is cracked, then spray the walls with water from a spray bottle.

Do not fill the hole with soil taken out of it.

Ennoble the ground, add to the hole:

• 3-4 buckets of rotted compost or humus, black soil;
• 2-3 buckets of peat land;
• 2-3 buckets of sand;
• 2-3 cups of ash;
• 1 glass of superphosphate. Mix the composition.

Build a drain at the bottom. Fill a layer of 10-15 cm of fine gravel with a fraction of 20-40 mm or pebbles, broken brick.

Plant an apple tree the right way. Fill the hole with a mound of previously made nutrient soil. In the center, place a stake having a height of 1.8-2.2 m and a thickness of 5-8 cm.

Before planting, water the seedling abundantly or soak it in water. Stand the seedling, it may have roots that are very intertwined, so the tree will not grow, carefully spread the roots, place them on the sides of the hill, they should not be bent, but should be directed vertically.

Fill the seedling with nutrient soil, shake it and pour water so that there are no voids near the roots. And then pour plenty of water. For seedlings that are 1 year old, the grafting site should be located above the ground!

Dig a groove around the tree to allow excess water, fill it with sand or small stones.

Watch a video from professionals on how to plant an apple tree:

on peat

Peat can be different, but any peat lacks nutrients: potassium, phosphorus, copper, magnesium and others. Peat can be low-lying, transitional, high-moor.

High-moor peat has an increased acidity, which is not suitable for growing apple trees. Therefore, peat must be limed, that is, added slaked lime, dolomite flour, ground limestone, marl, chalk, ash.

It all depends on the level of acidity that you want to measure. special devices.

If you have acidic peat land, then add 6 kg of ground limestone per 10 m², if medium acidic, then 3 kg, if slightly acidic, then 1 kg.

If the peat bog is close to neutral in acidity, then lime is not applied.

Important! Lime is not advised to be added to the soil simultaneously with phosphorus and ammonia forms of nitrogen supplements.

Watch a video on how to determine the acidity of the soil and deoxidize it:

Sand and clay should be added to peat, they will increase the thermal conductivity of the soil, accelerate its thawing in the spring, and increase warming.

Clay must be added as a dry powder. If the peat is strongly decomposed, then 3 buckets of sand and 1.5 buckets of clay in the form of a powder are poured into 1 m², if the peat is slightly decomposed, then 3.5 buckets of sand and 2 buckets of clay.

When digging the soil to a depth of 15 cm, manure is also scattered, chicken manure, humus per 1 m², as well as mineral fertilizers: 1 tbsp. a spoonful of double granular superphosphate and 2.5 tbsp. tablespoons of potassium, in addition, add copper.

What kind of soil does apple trees grow on?

On sandstones, sandy loams and loams, apple trees do not grow well, since there is not enough organic matter needed for tree growth.

In loamy soils, usually, there is an excess of moisture, it stagnates in the upper layers, and in sandstones - its lack. If there is little snow in winter, then on such lands the roots of trees freeze.

To plant apple trees on such lands, it is required to dig holes having a depth of 1.5 m and a diameter of 1.5 m, 15-20 cm of clay are placed on their bottom, and then covered with peat or black soil, mixed with clay soil.

Planting an apple tree in the ground.

If you want to plant a seedling immediately after digging a hole, then after 2 weeks add more earth, as it will settle by 10-15 cm.

When you buy seedlings, ask where they came from.

If you buy a seedling that is grown in the south and plant it in the northern region, then it will not grow with you, and will die in 4-5 years, without giving fruit.

Therefore, choose seedlings suitable for your area. They must be healthy, with well-developed rhizomes.

It is best to purchase seedlings that are 1-3 years old, because if you plant older trees, they will be sick for several years, they will need to restore the roots, and they can dry out.

If you planted an apple tree, but it does not grow, check if you planted it where the apple tree died earlier.

If there are adult apple trees on the site, then cut off all the dry branches from them, clean them from the old bark and whiten.

Disinfect ulcers with 0.3% solution blue vitriol and cover with garden pitch. Remove dead trees and stumps.

After planting the seedlings, chalk their trunks. Correctly form crowns.

The apple tree does not grow for the second year: reasons

The main reason is unsuitable soil and climate.

Groundwater may be too close to the surface in your area. If this is the case, then plant fruit trees by pouring high beds-hills. For such areas, it is best to purchase dwarf apple trees, since their roots are not deep.

Important! Trees do not grow well on sandy loam and sand, they have very little organic matter and insufficient moisture. In such areas, during winter without snow, the roots of apple trees freeze slightly.

Therefore, for planting, deeper pits are dug, having a diameter of 1.5 m and a depth of 1.2 m, black soil, peat, humus, and clay are poured into it. If you have such a land, then get apple trees on vigorous rootstocks.

Choose only high-quality regional seedlings.

Second common cause- low-quality or unsuitable seedlings. Choose varieties that are zoned, without drying tops, that look healthy, have a well-developed root system. It is best to grow them near the place of your future planting.

The third reason is that apple trees are sick or affected by pests. Maybe the ground was already contaminated. Because of this, burn all plant debris, treat plantings with fungicides.

The fourth reason - when planting an apple tree, do not deepen the root collar.

The apple tree does not grow for the third year: why?

If a young apple tree does not give growth, why it is necessary to find out.

A tree may not grow at all or grow poorly for a variety of reasons.

The land on which he was planted may not suit him. For example, the soil is too heavy, in which case sand, black soil are added to the soil.

An apple tree does not grow either if it was planted on the site of a dead apple tree, as old roots remain in the soil, which emit harmful substances.

The apple tree does not grow if: the wood is frozen, if the stock is incompatible with the scion, or the graft is deepened.

Why do not apple trees grow on a dwarf rootstock?

Caring for dwarf apple trees is slightly different from caring for tall varieties, so the reasons why dwarf apple trees do not grow are almost the same.

• firstly, unsuitable soils and climate;
• secondly, low-quality seedlings;
• thirdly, non-compliance with phytosanitary standards.

But when planting such apple trees, one must take into account that these trees are more demanding on the land and growth conditions than ordinary ones.

The differences between ordinary trees and stunted ones are that tall trees have roots deep into the ground, while trees with a dwarf rootstock have roots close to the surface, that is, in top layer land that can freeze quickly and has an unstable water regime.

Trees on a dwarf rootstock should be planted exclusively on fertile soils and avoid lowlands where cold air.

Trees on a dwarf rootstock.

When you choose a place for planting a low-growing apple tree, you need to take into account that there is a sufficient amount of moisture in this area, but there is no stagnation, it is better to prefer the southern part of the site for planting, plant apple trees away from other trees and shrubs.

A dwarf apple tree needs to be carefully looked after, watered, fed, sprayed from diseases and pests.

Why don't columnar apple trees grow up?

The difference between a columnar apple tree and an ordinary one is that it almost does not form side branches and it grows vertically upwards. Her flower buds appear on the annelids (short shoots with underdeveloped lateral buds) and spears (short branches that end in a bud).

Attention! The reason for stopping the growth of a columnar apple tree may be poor-quality seedlings and the wrong choice of site.

When buying, choose those varieties that are zoned for your area, the seedling must be grafted onto a clone dwarf stock, otherwise the apple tree will not grow and bloom.

Such an apple tree absolutely does not tolerate drafts, it is very capricious, so it can be planted along the walls in the south.

In the absence of sufficient lighting, the tree is stretched, because of this, the place should be well lit.

In addition, the columnar apple tree needs warm earth. Therefore, in the spring, 3 weeks before planting the seedlings, dig holes 50x50x50, observing an indent of 1 m between the holes.

To keep the soil warm enough, place empty and capped plastic bottles at the bottom of the pit.

Then pour compost into the hole with a mound and lay grass, leaves in layers, alternating with cardboard, branches, paper.

When planting, place the seedling on a mound, carefully spread the rhizome, the root collar should be slightly higher than the surface of the earth, fill in the hole, compact the soil and pour 2 liters of water under the seedling.

Conclusion

Remember that in order for your apple trees to grow intensively and bear fruit, you need to purchase high-quality zoned seedlings, prepare a place for planting them, and properly care for the trees.

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Why doesn't the apple tree grow and develop? - answers from 7dach.ru experts

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Why is a three-year-old apple tree not growing?

In this post, I will answer a question from a comment I was asked a few days ago. The question was: why does not a three-year-old apple tree seedling grow? Next, I will quote the entire text of the message verbatim.

In the spring, I bought a three-year-old apple tree seedling. Planted, shortening the branches by 1/3. The tree took root, but did not give growth during the year. AT next year the apple tree blossomed: however, there were no fruits, except for a single one, and even that was not eaten by us. Over the summer, the seedling did not grow. What to do? Maybe move it to another location?

And one more question. Two years ago I planted currant cuttings. The bushes have grown quite well, they have already spoiled us with berries. But one, the tallest and most magnificent, has never bloomed yet. Why?

Answer

Your apple tree is not growing, most likely because you planted it too deep. In the spring, try to dig up the ground near the trunk and find the root collar (grafting site).

If it is buried more than 2-3 cm into the soil, the tree will need to be transplanted so that the grafting site is 1-2 cm above the soil level.

Or simply remove the soil from the near-stem circle so that the root collar is flush with the soil level.

However, trees do not grow well even with an excessively “high” planting: if the root neck rises 3-5 cm above the ground.

Now - about currants. It is rather difficult to say why it still does not bloom. There may be several reasons. To answer more definitely, you need to examine the plant. But I can still give one piece of advice: if next year the bush does not bring a crop, just remove it.

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