How to keep a young apple tree in winter. Time to create a shelter. cover young trees

Orchard young apple trees require special care and protection for the winter. Fruit trees can suffer for various reasons. How to cover a young apple tree for the winter, so that in the spring, returning to the garden, you do not have to find dead trees that cannot produce a crop.

Many novice gardeners believe that apple trees need to be covered solely to protect them from frost. But it is not so. Of course, young apple trees can freeze during severe frosts, but they are threatened not only by this. The main reason why such a shelter is needed is protection from rodents, which very often feast on the succulent bark of seedlings.

Insulating the trunk will help protect the bark from biting wind, which can dry it out. The spring sun can also harm the apple bark, it can cause burns. The quality of the crop and the fruitful period depend on how competently the measures for sheltering the apple tree for the winter are carried out. A young apple tree, deprived of shelter, may die, its skeletal branches will freeze, and root system may freeze. This is especially true for apple trees grown in Siberia.

If the bark of an apple tree is damaged, it will not be able to develop normally and grow in the spring. and will not good harvest. Bark that has lost its integrity is prone to disease, which can lead to the death of the tree. Protecting the bark by covering it for the winter is an important task for a gardener who takes care of his garden.

When and how to cover a young apple tree for the winter

It is very important to correctly determine the timing of sheltering apple trees for the winter. Health and life depend on it fruit trees. If you cover apple trees for the winter too early, young shoots will begin to grow too early. A first-year apple tree warmed too early will definitely start to grow. This cannot be allowed, because the plant will die. It is recommended to take measures to warm the apple tree when the sap flow stops completely, and a stable cold sets in outside with an air temperature of about -10 degrees. Before sheltering apple trees for the winter, you need to clean the boles and branches from the old bark, which exfoliates, and then whitewash with lime mortar.

Materials for sheltering apple trees for the winter

How to cover apple trees? To cover the root neck, materials that allow air to pass through are suitable. You can take an ordinary old stocking. Burlap, old rags, sugar bags, from which you must first remove the film, are suitable to protect the tree trunk. Regular newspapers can be used. Together with the trunk, it is necessary to cover the lower branches. Agrofibre - great material for warming apple trees, but expensive. It provides protection of trees from frosts and from rodents. Agrofibre is easy to buy.

In the old days, fruit trees were protected with straw, corn stalks, reeds, branches. conifers trees. And now these materials can be used to shelter apple trees. You need to be careful with the reeds, mice often start up in them. It will not be superfluous to spread poison around the apple tree if reeds are chosen as a heater.

Many gardeners use ordinary apple trees to cover apple trees. plastic bottles. This is available material for everybody. They reliably cover the basal neck and trunk, and also perform the function of scaring away, since they make noise with every breath of wind.

Most unusual material for shelter - toilet paper. You just need to choose the cheapest and coarsest varieties of it. The root neck needs to be wrapped in several layers toilet paper. It is necessary to capture the stem and lower branches. It will take at least three layers, the more the better. To prevent the paper from being torn off by the wind, it is fixed with twine.

Foamed polyethylene for thermal insulation of pipes will help insulate the apple tree for the winter. To do this, it is cut along the seam and put on a tree. It can be fixed with tape or twine to better hold. With such a heater, the tree will not be cold, rodents will not reach the trunk. And such a shelter looks aesthetically pleasing. The cost of such material is very low, and it can be used repeatedly.

You can use a film or roofing material, but they cause support. They are airtight, if such material is not removed in a timely manner in the spring, wait for the greenhouse effect, the trunk will burn, a fungus will appear on the tree.

How to cover young apple trees for the winter: technology

How to cover apple trees? Can be used to cover trees different ways. They depend on the variety and age of the trees. Young trees need careful and careful shelter. First you need to cover the near-stem circle with insulating material, then cover it with snow. To keep the snow better near the tree, you can throw in tops or small brushwood.

After the first snow cover experienced gardeners it is advised to use it to cover the crown of an apple tree. Snow is taken from paths where there are no plants. During the winter, it is necessary to monitor the changes in the weather, the apple tree should always remain under the snow. Uncut shoots may remain open. Covering material is removed only when all the snow has melted. An exception is plastic film or roofing material. These materials are removed at the first thaw.

To check how the apple tree survived the winter, you need to cut off the tip of the branch and look at the cut. The branch is alive, if in the cut white cloth. When acquiring a beige or brown fabric, you can definitely say that the branch has died. With the death of one or several branches, one cannot speak of the death of the entire tree.

How to insulate apple trees for the winter: we cover seedlings

Sheltering apple seedlings is distinguished by its specifics. With the wrong shelter, the tree can simply die. If apple tree seedlings are planted for the winter, they are covered according to the same principle as young trees, but the trunk and crown will require shelter. Before winter can only be planted frost-resistant varieties apple trees, if you plan to plant seedlings of other varieties, it is recommended to postpone planting until spring. How to keep seedlings in winter until spring? For this, two methods are used.

1. First way. You need to choose a dry, calm place on the site. Dig a groove about 50 cm deep, about 35 cm wide. Dip apple seedlings with roots in a clay mash, then place in a groove. Sprinkle the roots with peat with humus, cover with a layer of agrofiber and dry spruce branches on top. In winter, you need to make sure that the groove is completely covered with a layer of snow. In the spring, when the sun begins to bake, it is necessary to start removing the protection, especially for snow, so that thin twigs are not damaged under its weight. The protection should be removed gradually, being careful not to return frosts.
2. The second way. Choose a dry place, prepare the soil. Add sand to loamy soil, peat or humus to sandy soil. Dig carefully. Dig a groove from west to east. Carefully fold the seedlings into the groove, making sure that the slope is towards the south, this will provide protection from sunburn. Sprinkle with earth. Water the soil, spread the means to repel rodents around the groove. It can be branches of wild rose, blackberry. In the spring, you need to make sure that there is not a lot of snow around the groove, otherwise the seedlings will get wet. Excess snow at the end of winter is removed as needed.

How to cover an apple tree for the winter, depending on the variety

How to cover apple trees different varieties? The method of shelter to some extent depends on the variety of the apple tree and on its characteristics. In general, the shelter technology is similar. When choosing trees for planting, it is important to consider that some varieties are frost-resistant, but do not tolerate spring thaws. It also takes into account in which region of Russia it is planned to plant apple trees, as well as for which region the variety was bred. Frost-resistant varieties designed for the Siberian and northern regions. They do not tolerate sudden warming, and then the return of cold weather.

Varieties bred for the European part of Russia do not tolerate winter well, but sudden warming in winter time days do not frighten them. When sheltering apple trees, you need to approach taking into account the characteristics of each variety. Some need to pay special attention to the state during periods of thaw, others only during times of low temperatures.

How to cover columnar apple trees

The columnar apple tree is a young variety of apple trees that is becoming more and more popular every year. It is no coincidence that the fruit tree received this name, its appearance resembles a column. The tree has practically no side branches, and the fruits are located along the trunk. A distinctive feature of this apple tree is dwarf growth.

How to insulate a dwarf apple tree? Dwarf apple trees are prone to freezing. After all, near the ground frosts are more severe than at altitude. Special attention should be paid to apple trees of this variety. In such apple trees, the apical bud often suffers. A kidney affected by frost gives several branches that turn into independent trunks. The appearance of the apple tree is broken. To prevent this, you need to cover the crown. Use a film or rags, putting on a covering material from above. It is necessary to cover with a layer of snow, preparing a columnar seedling of an apple tree for wintering.

To give the apple tree resistance to gusts of wind, it is recommended to tie a support to the tree. To protect young trees, you need to cover the area near the roots, since the root system can freeze. You can use straw, shavings, sawdust, fir branches and other materials. They wrap the trunk with improvised materials: burlap, paper, old rags, nylon stockings, this will scare away rodents. The higher part is wrapped with toilet paper or newspapers. Make several layers, strengthening with twine.

With properly carried out measures to cover apple trees, the trees will feel good throughout the winter, they will not die and will not freeze under covering materials and under a snow coat. In autumn, they will be able to please with delicious bulk apples.

There is a fairly common belief that apple trees need to be covered for the winter so that frost does not damage them. This opinion is erroneous. In fact, you need to cover apple trees first of all from hares and other rodents who like to eat the bark of young trees in the conditions of winter restriction of their food supply.

In addition, with the help of shelter, the apple tree receives protection from cold winter winds, which can dry out the bark excessively, as well as from the spring sun, which causes bark burns.

Therefore, the shelter of apple trees before the onset winter period is one of the most important autumn events and should always be remembered. Preparation of apple trees for winter must be done in advance.

Is it necessary to cover old apple trees for the winter?

Starting with apple trees reaching the age of 7 years or more, the need for their winter shelter decreases. But some measures for a safe wintering should still be taken. Before the onset of frost (but not during or after), apple trees should be watered along the perimeter of the crown. It is also recommended to fertilize the trees. When the leaf fall is over, you need to remove the dead old bark and treat the old apple trees with a solution of iron sulfate (to provide them with protection from lichen).

Then the trunk circle is insulated. For this purpose, it is necessary to pour or ordinary land from the garden with a layer three centimeters thick on trunk circle.

How to cover apple trees for the winter?

First of all, young apple trees require care. The most vulnerable area in a young apple tree is the basal neck. How to cover an apple tree for the winter? The trunk circle is easiest to cover with snow - the more, the better.

To keep the snow on the tree as best as possible, you can throw tops or small brushwood on the crown. When snow falls, it is recommended to cover the crown of the apple tree with it. It is better to take snow for use from those areas where there are no perennials under it. garden plants. The apple tree should be covered with snow throughout the winter. If there are vertical uncut shoots on it, then they can not be covered. Shelters from trees can be removed in the spring, when the snow has completely melted.

To check the condition of the apple tree in winter, you can cut off the tip of the branch and examine the cut. In living tissue, the color will be white, in the dead, it will be brownish or dark beige. Although, if some branches have died, this does not mean that the whole tree has died.

Autumn preparation of apple trees includes cleaning the dead bark from branches and boles of old trees, followed by whitewashing with a solution of lime. The processing solution is prepared as follows: 0.5 kg blue vitriol, 1 kg of lime and 10 liters of water. It is better to whitewash young trees using a chalk solution for this.

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How to protect apple trees from damage by rodents?

In winter, you need to protect the trees from active rodents. To do this, you can tie boles and skeletal branches at their base dense layer insulating material:, willows, you can use young branches or other materials (wire mesh, roofing felt or roofing felt, whitewashed with a solution of chalk or lime). Before using for tying synthetic materials, it is supposed to tie a tree with matting or burlap.

Another option for sheltering apple trees is fiberglass or unnecessary nylon stockings.

In winter, when the tree is covered with snow, but warming comes and the snow becomes soft, you need to compact it so that rodents cannot get close. This can be done by trampling the snow with your foot. When the intense snowfall has passed, it is necessary to hill up the apple trees again.

When spring comes, the snow gradually begins to melt and absorb moisture. It is necessary to monitor the trees so that the branches do not break under the weight of the snow layer.

Another good option for protecting apple trees from rodents is to tie the lower part of the trunks with spruce or juniper branches. You need to lay these branches with the needles down. As alternative yellow acacia or birch bark is used.

You can harm rodents like mice by cleaning autumn garden from fallen leaves, thereby depriving the mouse holes of a heat-insulating shelter. Also effective way autumn and spring control of rodents is the laying of poison in their holes.

Is it possible to push back the flowering period of apple trees with an insulating layer?

There is an opinion that the use of a layer of sawdust, straw, peat or manure (on top of the snow cover of the crown of apple trees) shifts the period of flowering in time. And as a result of this procedure, there is a reinsurance against freezing of early flowers by spring frosts.

However, this opinion is not confirmed in practice. If trees are covered in this way, then flowering will not be affected in any way, but will only slow down the process of thawing the soil. In addition, the tree will be harmed, because the normal nutrition of the branches with water and other necessary substances is disrupted.

Flowering in apple trees is tied to air temperature and begins from the moment when the average daily temperature rises to + 8-9 ° C.

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An interesting video about preparing young trees for winter

End of summer garden work does not mean that now until next summer you can not worry about anything. Favorite garden apple trees require care and protection all year round. Long cold winter they can suffer for various reasons. What needs to be done in the fall so that in the spring, returning to your garden, you do not have to find your favorite tree frozen and dead, our article will tell.

Why and when to cover apple trees?

A person far from gardening, having heard about the need to cover apple trees for the winter, will think that this is done for protection. garden trees from frost to keep them warm. But in fact, apple trees are not hiding for this. Rather, apple trees are threatened not so much by frost as by other dangers. main reason, for which trees need winter shelter - protection from rodents, which, in conditions of winter food shortages, are not averse to feasting on the tender and juicy bark of seedlings and young apple trees. In addition, there is another reason for sheltering - a warmed apple tree is reliably protected from winter piercing winds, which pose a considerable danger to the bark, since they can dry it out. Can harm apple bark and spring sun- affectionate and long-awaited for people - it is able to burn a tree.

How carefully the apple trees are covered for the winter depends on their fruitful period and the quality of the crop. An apple tree deprived of shelter runs the risk of dying: both the root and the skeletal branches will freeze. To a greater extent, this applies to gardeners living in the Siberian region, since their climatic conditions require covering apple trees especially carefully.

A tree whose bark has lost its integrity will not be able to grow and develop normally in the spring and, therefore, will not be able to give a full harvest. Damaged bark leads to a lot of diseases, as a result of which the apple tree may die. And it is precisely to preserve the integrity of the bark that the shelter of apple crops is first of all needed.

Covering apple trees before the winter comes is absolutely necessary procedure for everyone who cares about their garden.

Terms of shelter of an apple tree

The correct determination of the timing of sheltering apple trees for the winter is very important point, on which the healthy state and even the life of trees depends. Organized sheltering too early will lead to the fact that the shoots will begin to grow ahead of time. Those. after spending some time in the cold and again finding himself in relative warmth, the insulated apple tree will start to grow, especially if it is a first-year seedling. It is by no means recommended to allow this, since such growth means almost one hundred percent death of the plant. To avoid the death of apple trees, measures for their warming must be carried out when the sap flow stops completely and stable cold weather begins with a temperature of -10 degrees and below.

Before you cover the apple trees in the winter, they should be prepared: clean the branches and stems from dead pieces of bark, and then whitewash with lime mortar.

Necessary materials

First of all, the basal neck needs to be covered. This must be done using a material that allows air to pass through; as such, a simple old stocking will do. After that, it is necessary to protect the wood trunk. Sugar bags are suitable for this purpose, but before the procedure, the film must be removed from them. You can also use ordinary newspapers or burlap and even old rags. Together with the trunk, the lower branches are also partially closed.

Do not rush to throw away the sugar bag after use - this material is perfect for sheltering a tree stem and lower branches of an apple tree for the winter

In winter, you need to create a snow cushion for the tree, throwing more snow to it, this will help protect the roots and basal neck from severe cold.

Another good material for warming the apple tree - agrofibre, although quite expensive. However, it provides reliable protection trees from both frost and uninvited toothy guests. It is not a problem to buy agrofibre, it is freely sold in any gardening stores.

You can turn to the experience of your ancestors and remember how apple trees were covered in the old days. In former times, people protected apple trees with reeds, corn stalks, straw, or coniferous tree branches. These natural materials provide excellent protection garden beauties and from rodents, and from frost. However, reeds can sometimes serve as a haven for mice. Therefore, if you have chosen this type of insulation to protect the apple trees, it will not be out of place to decompose the poison near the root neck.

Today has brought another mass material for sheltering apple trees - these are ordinary plastic bottles. This material is available anywhere and in any quantities. In addition to the high-quality shelter of the trunk and the root neck of the tree, the bottles act as a deterrent, making noise with every, even insignificant, breath of wind.

Toilet paper can also act as a covering material, or rather, its cheapest, roughest and most dense varieties. The basal neck is carefully (in several layers) wrapped with toilet paper; moving from bottom to top, they completely wrap the entire trunk and slightly capture the lower branches. You need to wrap the apple tree in at least three layers, and preferably in 5 or 6, otherwise the paper will get wet and the wood will be exposed. For greater reliability, the toilet paper on top must be fixed with twine so that the wind does not rip it off.

Many gardeners have successfully used material such as polyethylene foam used for pipe insulation. The insulation is cut along the weld and put on the tree. To keep it better, you can fix it with twine or tape. In such a “fur coat”, the apple tree will be warm and rodents are guaranteed not to get to it; in addition, such a shelter looks pretty nice. Besides given material very cheap: 2 meters cost only about 30 rubles, and you can use it repeatedly, cleaning it in the spring and using it again before the onset of winter, which eliminates the annual costs for these needs.

As a "winter coat" for the branches of an apple tree, you can use polyethylene foam, which is cut along the weld and put on the tree. Foamed polyethylene is a very practical and affordable material for sheltering apple trees.

Separately, it should be said about materials such as roofing material, polyethylene film and the like. Them distinctive feature is airtight, so they can be used with some restrictions. As soon as the first thaws begin in the spring, such material should be removed immediately. If this is not done, a greenhouse effect will occur: the trunk will burn, which will negatively affect the tree (fungal formations will appear).

Shelter technologies

There are several ways to shelter apple trees for the winter, differing depending on the age of the trees and their variety.

How to winterize young trees?

Young apple trees need the most thorough and caring shelter. After the circumferential circle young tree will be covered with insulating material, it must be properly covered with snow, and the more snow there is, the better for the apple tree. Small brushwood or tops thrown on a tree will help the snow to hold well on the apple tree.

As soon as the snow cover appears, experts and experienced gardeners recommend using it to cover the apple tree crown. For this purpose, snow is taken from such areas that there are no horticultural perennial crops under it.

Throughout the winter, it is necessary to ensure that the apple tree is always covered with snow. If the tree has uncut shoots, they can be left open. The tree is freed from covering material in the spring after all the snow has melted. Exceptions are cases when the apple tree is covered with roofing felt or cellophane film - such materials are removed as soon as the thaw begins.

How to find out if a tree or individual branches have died or not? To do this, cut off the tip of the branch and look at the cut. If the tissue in the section is white, the branch is alive; if the fabric is brownish or beige colour the branch is dead. But the death of individual branches does not yet mean the death of the entire apple tree.

The tree stem of an apple tree can be covered with ordinary newspapers - this will save your tree from winter frosts

Features for old trees

Apple trees older than 7 - 8 years old can do without shelter, since their bark has already become quite coarse and has lost all attractiveness for rodents, and they tolerate frost quite well (provided that they are not too long). Those. this is the majority of all varieties grown in temperate climates. If the tree is not sick with anything, the bark is healthy and has no obvious damage, such an apple tree is able to cope with frost on its own, without special shelters, withstanding sub-zero temperatures up to 35 degrees Celsius. However, such trees also need some protection measures for a more successful wintering.

Before frosts come, apple trees are watered abundantly in accordance with the perimeter of the crown (just before frosts, but not after or during them). Feed them at the same time. After the end of leaf fall, the old dead bark is removed from the trees and the trunks are processed iron vitriol- this will protect them from the appearance of lichens.

After that, you should do the warming of the circumferential circle. To do this, garden soil is taken and a three-centimeter layer is poured onto the circumferential circle.

Mulch can be used instead of earth.

How to protect seedlings?

The sheltering of seedlings is distinguished by its specificity. Special attention is needed here, because improper preparation of seedlings can lead to the fact that the tree will freeze clean. If the seedlings have already been planted, they are covered using the same technology as young trees. The only difference is that covering material will be required not only to cover the trunk, but also the crown.

It must be borne in mind that it is recommended to plant only frost-resistant apple varieties by winter; seedlings of all other varieties are stored until spring and covered in a different way. There are two popular methods among the people, they have slight differences.

So, we cover the seedlings prepared for planting in the spring in the first way.

1. First you need to find a dry place on the site. It is desirable that it is not blown by the winds, if any.
2. We dig a groove. Too deep is not needed, a maximum of 50 centimeters deep and 30 - 40 wide.
3. Before placing apple seedlings in a groove, you need to dip their roots in a clay mash.
4. The seedlings have now been planted. At this stage, you need to thoroughly sprinkle the roots with peat mixed with humus. Then you should take care of protection from rodents: cover with dry spruce branches and a layer of agrofiber on top.
5. Throughout the winter, you need to make sure that there is always a sufficient layer of snow over the groove with seedlings. This will help the apple trees to winter comfortably.

In the spring, attention will need to be paid to ensure that thin branches are not damaged under the weight of melting and settling snow. When will they come warm days, winter protection can begin to be removed. However, if your area is characterized by returning frosts, then in this case it is impossible to remove all protection at once. This must be done gradually.

The second way to shelter seedlings.

1. We are also looking for a dry place.
2. Then you need to prepare the soil. If it is too sandy, add humus or peat; if too loamy - add sand. Dig carefully.
3. We dig a groove from the west side to the east. The dimensions of the groove are the same as in the first case.
4. Gently fold the seedlings into the groove. We make sure that there is a slope towards the south, which will protect them from spring sunburn. Then we sprinkle with earth.
5. Water the soil properly - the roots need sufficient moisture.
6. Around the groove, rodent repellents need to be laid out: blackberry branches, rose hips can be.
7. With the onset of spring, we make sure that an excessive amount of snow does not accumulate around the groove, otherwise the seedlings may dry out. To do this, as necessary, at the end of winter, we remove excess snow from the groove.

What is the variety here?

As for the methods of sheltering apple trees, depending on the varieties, it all depends on the characteristics of a particular variety. In general, shelter technologies for all apple trees are similar. There are varieties that cope well with Siberian frosts, but at the same time they do not tolerate thaws in the middle of winter. Or feel good throughout the winter period, but in the spring when return frosts they are in danger of freezing and dying. You should pay attention to which region of Russia a particular variety of apple trees was bred for. As a rule, frost-resistant apple trees intended for the northern and Siberian regions do not tolerate sudden warming and then the return of cold weather, because they are adapted to other conditions. The same, only exactly the opposite, applies to varieties bred for the European part of Russia: sudden thaws in December-January-February do not frighten them, but they are not used to enduring prolonged frosts.

Thus, based on the characteristics of each separate variety apple trees, and you need to approach the issue of shelter. Some apple trees require special attention and control over their condition during periods of thaw, others - during times of prolonged low temperatures.

Features of the shelter of columnar apple trees

The columnar apple tree is a fairly young apple variety that appeared in the 60s of the 20th century in Canada and is currently gaining more and more popularity. People love this variety great taste fruits, ease of cultivation, compact size, as well as an unusual and decorative look that fits perfectly into the design of almost any private personal plot. The columnar apple tree got its name from unusual shape resembling a column. They have practically no side branches, and the entire crop is located directly along the trunk. Also hallmark is dwarf growth.

The shelter of columnar apple trees has its own characteristics associated with their size and crown shape. One of these features is that dwarf apple trees are more susceptible to freezing than their taller relatives. This is due to the fact that near the ground, or rather, near the snow cover, frosts are more severe than at a certain height. Therefore, apple trees of this variety require increased attention during the onset of cold weather.

Also, in columnar apple trees, the apical bud suffers from frost. Affected by low temperatures, it gives two or three branches, which later turn into independent trunks. Thus, the columnar appearance of the apple tree is broken. Therefore, in order to protect it and preserve the shape of the column, not only the trunk, but the entire crown of the tree often requires shelter. To do this, the apple top is insulated with a rag or film, putting on the covering material from above.

Experienced gardeners cover the columnar apple tree dense material in order to preserve its original form

In order not to kill young trees, first of all, the space near the roots should be covered. Spruce branches, sawdust or shavings, straw and other materials are suitable. Rodents will be scared away by nylon stockings or old rags. The higher part of the trunk, which the rodents can no longer reach, should be wrapped with newspapers or toilet paper. In order to avoid soaking and so as not to pluck the wind, make several layers.

seedlings

It is undesirable to plant seedlings of columnar apple trees before winter - such a tree will not have time to take root properly and will not be able to fully develop. The upper kidney has a high chance of dying under the influence of frost. It is best to buy and plant such apple trees in the spring. If the seedlings are bought in the fall, they need to be covered in specially dug grooves. This is done in the same way as with seedlings. tall varieties apple trees.

The seedlings are laid out in a prepared ditch and covered with insulating materials on top. It can be spruce branches, straw, reeds, unnecessary old linoleum, roofing felt, cardboard.

In the spring, seedlings must be checked and ventilated so that overheating does not occur and the process of debate does not begin.

How to cover columnar apple trees in different regions?

If a columnar apple tree is planned to be planted in northern regions, which are characterized a large number of precipitation - snow should be used as a covering material. The apple tree will easily survive the northern cold if as much snow as possible is heated to the trunk.

If the landing is planned in areas for which winters with little snow are typical, you need to prepare for frost as soon as the trees are planted. To do this, apple trees are located in trenches at a certain angle, focusing on the movement of the sun. The goal is to get on the seedlings maximum number Sveta.

As a result of the correct winter shelter, the columnar apple tree will delight you with its beautiful appearance and juicy, sweet fruits

In the cold season, both mature trees and seedlings are susceptible to negative influence sub-zero temperature, and can also be affected by hares and small rodents, for which the bark is a tempting food.

Preparing for insulation

It is necessary to start preliminary work with the onset of the autumn months. Find out in advance all the information on how to shelter for the winter. Prior to this, the trees must be plentifully watered and fertilized. First, clear the ground of rotten fruits and various debris. When laying humus, make sure that the layer thickness is at least 5 cm - it will not only insulate, but also provide top dressing of the root system. It is important to know about preparatory stages, and not just about how to cover apple trees for the winter. - this is an opportunity to provide them in the fall necessary quantity useful substances. In the spring, all your labors will be rewarded. If you are dealing with then do not forget to bend their branches and fix them using iron hooks. Then, around the trunk, you need to sketch out the earth - this way, during frosts, the tree will be better protected.

After the onset of cold weather, watering stops. Tree pruning is also carried out before temperatures drop below freezing. After the end of leaf fall, you can begin to remove the dead bark of the trunks. At this point, stock up on a solution that can prevent the appearance of lichen. After spending preparatory work, carefully study the question of how to insulate an apple tree for the winter.

What to hide?

The choice of material for insulation will directly affect the protection of the tree during severe frosts. It is recommended to use cane, sunflower stalks, tobacco, reeds, roofing paper or light-colored wrapping paper. Avoid film and roofing felt, because during a thaw, such insulation can become an enemy of the apple tree. Earthen mounds around the trunk will help not only save the tree from the cold, but also protect it from hares. Please note: the soil must be dry and loose. After laying in the ditches, the seedlings must be covered with spruce branches, cardboard, straw, glass. Suitable for this and the old linoleum.

Shelter of crowns should be carried out with the onset of winter (if there is a suitable amount of snow). If you fixed the branches to the ground, then cover them with a white cover. Next, the crown can be closed with burlap, and snow can be poured onto the edges and insulated, leaving no loopholes for rodents. It is very important to figure out in advance how best to cover apple trees for the winter. If you do this before the snow falls, you can inadvertently make cozy burrows with enough tasty provisions for mice. Therefore, you need to know exactly how to insulate an apple tree for the winter, otherwise in the spring instead of branches you can find only bare sticks. But also do not wait for severe frosts to insulate branches and crowns.

Mature apple trees and seedlings

How to insulate an apple tree for the winter if it is still young? Autumn seedlings definitely needs more attention. Build a paper shelter a short distance from the ground, for this you will need a lot of newspapers (in several layers). It is very important to know how to cover apple seedlings for the winter, because they suffer the most during the winter. As for trees that no longer belong to young plantings, they should also be insulated, but it will be enough to cover the near-stem circle so that the roots do not suffer during frosts. Earth is suitable as an insulating material (taken, for example, from row spacing). Mulching also helps increase the temperature of the soil and keep it from freezing. The best materials- natural: sawdust, straw, leaves, peat, humus, tree bark, etc. You can also use thin branches and crushed cones.

Take into account

If the temperature rises, then careful covering can lead to overheating of the kidneys. To prevent it, open and ventilate seedlings (mature trees too). Do not allow the soil to become damp - this can cause rotting of the root system. Free from insulation materials as soon as possible, because the soil needs to warm up in the sun, and the roots need to grow.

Rodent protection

An experienced gardener is sure that you need to know not only how to insulate a planted apple tree for the winter, but also how to protect it from mice and hares. Especially when it comes to young and creeping apple trees. With the onset of spring, damaged trees can get sick and will not bear fruit. Synthetic fabric will be a good helper when sheltering the trunk and branches from small rodents. Wrap the basal neck of young plantings with old stockings. When placing the covering material, make sure that there are no loopholes and small spaces- mice will try to get to the tender bark of seedlings. Also, the lower part of the trunk can be protected with roofing.

Myths about snow

There is an opinion that the white winter cover can also serve as additional insulation. Many advise shoveling snow closer to the trunks of apple trees. However, in no case should this be done, because in this way you remove it from the row spacing where the root system is located ( additional insulation is essential here). By removing the natural winter cover, you leave unprotected soil to freeze. Also, at the same time, you deprive the apple trees of the opportunity to get enough of melt water during spring. When frozen, the soil becomes very hard. Melt water will drain without reaching the root system. Many will think that there is nothing wrong with the presence of running water. However, during their journey to the ground, snowflakes are saturated with oxygen and a host of other useful substances, and then share all this with the roots. From this it follows that the snow must be preserved, and the soil must be insulated with the help of covering materials.

It is possible to contribute to the retention of the white cover with the help of large branches scattered around the site, and shields placed in open areas. Planting sunflowers and other rock plants will serve as additional snow retention. Now you know not only how to insulate an apple tree for the winter, but also what mistakes should be avoided in order to protect trees from diseases and death.

When we talk about warming seedlings, we mean the proper protection of their roots from frost. Frozen branches in the spring can come to life, in extreme cases they are pruned. And it is necessary to start preparing for this long before the onset of frost - preferably immediately after the leaf fall.

Warming plants may depend on the climate in which it lives. If winters are predominantly mild, temperatures do not fall below 10-15 degrees, many of the young trees and bushes do not need to be seriously wrapped up. In harsh conditions, plants have to be seriously protected. Particularly in need of warming are plants that were planted in the fall - they are still weakly rooted and can die without heat. It's best to dig them in.

Choosing the Right Plants different cultures. You can pay attention to Michurin seedlings - they are well tested and are great for planting right in open ground in middle lane Russia.

Planting young plants in open ground should take place on time so that the ground is warm enough. When the plant is already in the ground, it needs some time special care and care, and for the winter it should be especially carefully covered.

Materials for insulation

For this use special means- agrofibre, mineral wool. Spruce branches, fallen leaves, needles are excellent. Ideal protective properties the earth possesses. It is covered with a large layer of low plants.

Important!

You can not use polyethylene for insulation - it does not allow air to pass through, the plant cannot breathe and dies.

We warm the bushes

The most common and popular in our gardens are currants and raspberries. They are insulated for the winter in about the same way.

1. Currant is a frost-resistant crop. But with more low temperatures(from -25) may die. To prevent this from happening, you need to do the following:

• bend the bush to the ground and press down with a load. In this case, it is necessary to press down the ends of the shoots. Use tiles as a load - there are grooves on its surface into which you can place an escape. Do not use metal weights - due to their high thermal conductivity, they can freeze branches.
• You can’t bend all the branches under one weight - it’s better to distribute several pieces. After all, they grow in different sides, and if they are bent into another, this can harm the shoots.
• Bury the shoots with earth She is the perfect insulator. The thickness of the ground cover should be at least 10 cm, then even without snow the bush will withstand frost down to -30 degrees.
• If the planting of currants in the ground was in the fall, it must be wrapped completely also from above.

Another good way is to wrap it with agrofibre. Its only drawback is that it takes a lot of time. It is necessary to wrap each branch separately, and also insert mineral wool between them. This method of warming currants is also suitable for those bushes that were planted in the fall.

1. We insulate raspberries in the same way.

But it is necessary to start preparing the bushes for winter with their pruning. This should be done in early October.

Then you should also bend the shoots to the ground. When they are still flexible enough, they will not break, and on next year will bear fruit. Each stem must be bent to the ground separately and they cannot be tied.

It is important to make sure that no leaves remain on the raspberries - they only take away her strength.

Wrapped in this way, currants and raspberries can withstand significant frosts. For a greater guarantee, even in such a “fur coat” it is worth bending and sprinkle with a layer of earth. And then they will successfully survive the cold.

How to properly dig seedlings

Pigging "young growth" will help the young plant survive the cold without loss. But in order for everything to go smoothly, you need to do the following:

• Remove all leaves so that they do not take away moisture from the seedling. Without them, the plant will be more frost-resistant.
• On a small (up to a meter) elevation, dig a hollow in which to place the seedlings.
• Plants should not be laid out in a "heap", the distance between them should be no less than the length of the palm.
• Near the roots, your young growth should be well watered while you cover the roots with earth. Its layer should be about 15 cm. The earth must be lightly tamped.
• With the onset of cold weather, buried seedlings must be completely covered with loose earth. All winter, after snowfalls, it is necessary to remove snow near them within a radius of 2-3 meters.

Helpful Hints

• In order not to confuse the young growth, it is worth attaching a plastic tag with the name of its species to each of the trees. It is better to make the inscription with a marker - it will not be washed away by precipitation.
• To protect against rodents, it is worth laying out branches near the digging thorny plants blackberry type. In the straw, mice will surely arrange minks for themselves. "Thorns" will prevent rodents from reaching the seedlings.

Warming of fruit trees

If the seedling of the fruit tree is already “adult”, then there can be no particular problems with its warming - you just need to mulch the ground near the trunk well - properly cover its root zone with sawdust and peat - by 5-10 cm. Straw and just sawdust should not be used worth it because of the rodents.

Well protects from the cold spruce branches. It allows air to pass through and prevents rodents from reaching the trunk. They just have to wrap the tree well.

Be sure to whitewash the trunks - this will protect the trees from sunburn.

Seedlings should be selected in autumn winter-hardy varieties apple, pear and other fruit trees. It is easier to protect them from frost in the first year. The roots should be well covered with agrofibre and constantly kept under a large layer of snow.

Warming of coniferous seedlings

To young seedlings coniferous plants not frozen, they are covered for the winter with spruce branches, bags of sawdust. For them, there is another danger - under the weight of snow, their branches can break off. It must be shaken off regularly.

Coniferous trees are quite frost-resistant and need to be warmed only in the most severe frosts.

Particular attention can be paid to cedar. Among all coniferous trees it stands out for its extraordinary decorative effect and the benefits that it can bring to health. Phytoncides that emit essential oils cedar, have a good effect on the condition respiratory system humans, they have high antibacterial properties, and moths cannot stand this smell. And if you grow a cedar on your site, you can say goodbye to many diseases. True, ordinary cedar is a plant of considerable size, it needs a lot of space. For suburban areas, a smaller view is displayed - Siberian cedar. Breeders have developed many different varieties of it. It differs from the usual only in size.

You can grow it from seeds (nuts) or purchase Siberian cedar seedlings. Practice shows that those that are buried before winter take root better.

If Siberian cedar seedlings grow in a pot, for the winter they must be completely, flush, buried flush with the ground.

The sun can play a special danger for him. It is reflected from the snow and can severely burn the needles. So on bright sunny winter days, you should cover the cedar with a non-woven fabric.