What material can be used to build the cheapest house. What should we build a house: what is better, what material to choose, which house is better and cheaper

Who does not dream of their own cozy house outside the city. Many people move from desires to actions, and begin to plan construction. What's stopping others from doing it? First of all, the high cost of building a house scares. Because you want to build capital building which will last without problems. long years and will remain for the grandchildren.

Capital construction is also required by the peculiarities of the climate in our country. And if we also take into account the cost of the land plot, the supply of all communications, then our hands simply give up. But there is a way out!

You can build a house cheaply. At the same time, it will look very presentable and modern. In reality, it is enough to spend no more than half a million rubles to get a spacious turnkey house.

It is only necessary to take into account what factors affect the cost of construction:

House layout. You can save up to 20 percent on a project.
The choice of house design and materials. The right choice of materials will cut costs by up to 40 percent.
House building work. Some jobs can be easily done on your own. That will also allow you to save a lot on the services of specialists.

Choice in favor modern materials reduces construction costs because they are easier to work with. Many manipulations can be done by hand. In addition, they have high quality characteristics.

Construction time can also be reduced by using the latest developments in building materials. As a result, the construction will take up to 3 months.

Material for the walls of the house - what to build a residential building from?

There are a number of building materials that meet the requirements for the quality of the building and can satisfy almost any customer request.

The most commonly used materials for the construction of private houses are as follows:

Profiled and sawn timber;
Rounded log;
gas silicate blocks;
Brick.

First of all, you need to decide how the house will be operated:

Seasonal operation. Such buildings are designed for living in them in the summer season. A frame house made of a thin beam or a rounded log with a small diameter is enough.
permanent residence. These houses must be heated in winter, the walls can withstand temperatures down to -30 degrees. Walls should be made of logs or stone.

Basic building materials and their cost

A house made of wood is preferred by people for whom the environmental component is important. tree like natural material, allows you to relax, promotes good rest. It maintains a comfortable atmosphere in the house at any time of the year.

1. Choosing a stone house is more practical. The main reasons for this choice are:

Low operating costs;
Small heat losses;
Long service life.

2. You can stop at combined house when two types of materials are used. It combines the practicality of stone and the comfort of wood. As a rule, the first floor is built of stone, and the second is made of wood.

3. The cost of building a wooden house can be reduced by choosing a lighter foundation. In addition, there is an opportunity to log house do not perform interior decoration, which will also reduce costs. This is despite the fact that this material is quite expensive.

Construction cost wooden houses depends on the choice of wall material, on the planned use, on the size of the building and varies from 300,000 to 1,000,000 rubles.

4. The cost of houses made of warm ceramics is very high.. This is complex buildings with big thick walls - up to 50 centimeters. This material has very high quality characteristics, but it is possible to build a house from warm ceramics only in the warm season.

5. Cheaper cost monolithic house in fixed formwork. Construction time is short, a heavy foundation is not needed for it, wall materials are inexpensive, but with good thermal conductivity.

6. Monolithic walls made of expanded polystyrene are durable and reliable, resistant to destruction. But they require expensive interior and exterior decoration. It is possible to build a monolithic private house middle price range.

7. A house made of gas silicate blocks has good frost resistance, vapor permeability, and lasts a long time. The cost of the material is low, but the work is expensive. It requires the construction of a complex foundation. In addition, work can only be carried out during warm weather.

How to choose wall material: brick house?

It should be noted that the cost of building brick house compared with wooden buildings. In addition, it makes no sense to build such a house for temporary residence. This is due to the fact that it needs to be constantly heated.

The cost of building a brick house increases due to the fact that a capital foundation is needed. Should do right choice design of a brick cottage so that it looks appropriate and aesthetically pleasing.

The brick house has a number of attractive features.

Durability and strength of the building. This is great option for a country house in which permanent residence is planned.
High fire resistance. At the same time, it is necessary to create reliable communications and network engineering and how to use them correctly.
Extensive range of architectural solutions. It is possible to build a house in any style, from avant-garde to classic Gothic.
Many options for both interior and exterior finishes. By the way, exterior finish may not be produced at all.

Foam block walls: pros and cons

According to consumer feedback, positive characteristics there are many more houses made of foam blocks.

The advantages of this material include the following:

The blocks are pretty light., maximum weight - up to 25 kilograms. The construction will be easy, which allows you not to make an expensive foundation.
Installation is simple. You can make it yourself very quickly.
Environmental friendliness. Impurities in foam blocks are contained in minimal quantities. Thermal insulation indicators are high.

The disadvantages of foam blocks include:

Unattractive appearance . The house does not look very beautiful, but you can choose different types of finishes to ennoble it.
Blocks are fragile may be damaged in transit.
During the period of shrinkage of the house, cracks may appear in the walls.. It depends on the quality of production.
The service life of a foam block house reaches 80 years at competent operation. This may seem like a short time to some.

Everyone chooses the material himself. In order to make a choice, you can ask around friends who have houses made of materials of interest. There is an opportunity to read the reviews on the construction forums.

Are claydite concrete walls used in private construction

Expanded clay is durable material, which holds heat better than its counterparts. For example, cinder-block walls will need to be made thicker.

Its positive aspects can also include:

Frost resistance.
Little water absorption.
Durability.
No shrinkage.

Expanded clay concrete is expensive, the weight of the blocks is large. But they are also actively used in private construction. Of these, as a rule, external walls are erected, but sometimes expanded clay concrete blocks also apply to internal partitions, creating ceilings, floor screeds.

Wooden walls and a cheaper alternative

A few words should be said separately about wooden housing construction. Wood is relatively inexpensive, it is only important to choose the right type of wood from which the house will be built. Since ancient times, preference has been given to coniferous species - pine, larch, spruce. It is pine and spruce that are the most commonly used materials in house building.

The main advantages of wooden houses are:

Low cost.
Environmental friendliness of the material.
Low thermal conductivity.
Light weight.
Passes air ("breathes").

The main reason why people refuse to use this material is high fire hazard. You can secure your wooden house if you correctly install everything electrical devices comply with all operating requirements. It should be noted that restoring brick house after a fire, the cost is equivalent to the construction of a wooden house.

Also repelled by the fact that wood subject to destruction for various reasons: shrinkage of the house, rotting, the appearance of fungi, mold, exposure to negative natural factors. But this can and should be fought. There are many products that are used to protect wooden surfaces.

The cost of building a wooden house is definitely higher than buildings made of cheaper foam block or expanded clay concrete. But positive features obvious. Only angry eco-friendly and natural wood a person can feel himself a part of nature. A wooden house is a cozy haven for the whole family.

Styrofoam walls: advantages and disadvantages

Walls can be built from foam blocks, which are otherwise called polystyrene foam. They have cavities inside. A house built from this material is considered a thermal house. Expanded polystyrene has its own characteristics.

The advantages include:

Moisture resistance. They withstand even prolonged exposure to moisture.
Excellent soundproofing characteristics.
The double layer of blocks provides excellent thermal insulation.
Good air permeability.
Small weight of blocks that provides simplicity and ease of installation and processing.

But this material also has negative sides:

Styrofoam walls are afraid high temperatures.
The creation of special fire safety conditions is required. In case of fire, the material releases very harmful substances that cause irreparable harm to human health.
Blocks are not environmentally friendly.
The material is easily damaged. Requires additional wall decoration.

The cost of blocks is quite high. But if we compare the construction of brick walls and foam walls, the second option is more profitable. For the reason that brick walls it is required to insulate and finish at least from the inside.

This material is used for the construction of houses up to 5 floors high.

Frame construction of walls

Frame construction is actively used in the private sector for the construction country houses. At the heart of the house is a frame, which is sheathed on both sides various materials. The walls are multi-layered.

This type of construction allows you to build modern houses quickly and efficiently.

Their advantages include the following facts:

Wall structures allow you to mount all the necessary communications inside.
The technology does not require time to shrink the house and dry the walls.
Finishing materials for frame walls any can be used.
The design is light, the foundation can be created more economical.
You can live in a frame house all year round.
Wood is spent on construction much less than on the construction of a house from a bar.
Comfort finish. The walls come out perfectly flat with the right angles.
Frame houses do not require constant heat supply. They can stand the winter well, while maintaining their positive qualities.

Finishing a frame house

The frame house makes it possible to use a variety of materials for cladding.

The main options that are used most often are:

Brick. It can be used in different ways: create a solid surface or make a pattern of bricks different colors. Brick cladding allows you to protect and strengthen the structure, improve sound insulation and reduce heat loss.
Decorative stone or ceramics. They give the building a serious respectable look, the house will look like a family estate that was built in the past. This type of finish goes well with wooden and plastered surfaces.
Registration wooden clapboard or block house. You can create a view log house. It is easy to mount the lining, it has a different texture, which allows you to create original wall surfaces. Also, it does not give a large load on the walls.
Decorative plaster. It can be applied over a layer of insulation.
siding finish. The popularity of this facing material in last years increased greatly. Its service life is long, and a huge selection of textures allows you to create an original facade exterior.
Thermal panels. They allow you to solve two problems at once: to insulate the walls and decorate the facade. Their installation is simple, they are fixed on pre-prepared profiles.

wooden houses

The materials that can be used to build a wooden house are as follows:

Rounded log;
Chopped log;
Bar.

These materials are, of course, natural and safe. But they are not suitable for cheap construction.. First of all, for the reason that the construction process will be delayed for a long time. After all, a log house made of wood shrinks. This will require additional investments to eliminate the consequences - cracks, holes.

Do not forget that any wood requires antiseptic treatment of the walls. This allows you to keep them in their original state for a long time, to protect them from negative influences. environment, decay and the appearance of beetles.

Glued laminated timber: beautiful, but expensive

Glued laminated timber is of high quality and visual appeal. But its cost is very high. Even the fact that a structure made of timber does not shrink and does not require additional investments in finishing does not guarantee that significant savings can be made on this.

Round log: a house in the traditions of Russian architecture

Construction from this material practically does not require manual work. The house is assembled as a constructor. The log has comfortable shape, all cups and landing channels are created at the factory. The logs are connected as tightly as possible. Wall decoration can be omitted.

Not only houses, but also baths are being built from cylindering.

The advantages of this material include the following:

Reducing construction costs and reducing the construction time of the facility.
Noble appearance.
Achieving the tightness of all connections due to the technological accuracy of the device logs.
The building looks attractive and aesthetically pleasing.

Dmitry Balandin

Before starting construction, you should find out which house is better in specific conditions. There are a significant number of types of structures and they all have different characteristics. Choosing what is better to build a house from, you need to take into account your own preferences and capabilities.

Which house is better

What determines the strength of the walls of the house?

There are two kinds loads acting on walls: vertical and horizontal. Vertical loads are forces directed from top to bottom. Such loads are created by the weight of the wall itself, floors. Roofs and other overhead structures.

Since private houses are low-rise, and wall Construction Materials differ in considerable strength, then they withstand vertical loads quite easily.

Horizontal and torque moments appear under wind action, with soil pressure on the foundation from the side, due to transverse ceilings, and in some other cases.

Horizontal loadshave the most significant effect on the walls. If the wall thickness is small, then cracks or deformations may occur. It is the lateral and rotational influences that do not allow making the walls of an individual building thin. The compressive strength of the materials is sufficient for a wall of very small thickness to be reliable, but lateral loads make it necessary to increase the dimensions.

The reliability and stability of the walls is affected not only by their thickness, but also by the structural features of the building as a whole. With the help of reinforcement, connecting the outer walls with the inner ones, creating monolithic belts a power frame is formed, which helps to resist external influences.

Differences between warm and energy-saving walls

Considering which house is better to choose, a person chooses a place with comfortable conditions for himself. Any home is a shelter from cold or heat, precipitation and other external factors. To be comfortable inside, three conditions must be met.

1. Temperature the room should be at least 22 degrees Celsius. To maintain it at this level in winter, additional heating will be required. Install stoves, boilers, heaters

2. Inner surface the walls should also be warm enough - about four degrees less than the air temperature. In this case, they will not pull cold and they will not become damp, creating an unhealthy microclimate. In order for the walls to be warm, it is necessary to make them of a certain thickness, in accordance with the thermal characteristics of the material.

3. The design of the wall should not purge. The presence of gaps through which passes freely outside air, will lead to significant heat losses.

Wall structures with such characteristics will be warm and create comfortable conditions in room. However energy saving they may or may not be. Energy saving regulations require that heat losses be reduced to minimum dimensions. In this case, it is necessary to make the resistance to heat transfer at the walls much higher. To do this, the thickness of the wall should almost double. But it is worth noting that in private construction, compliance with energy saving standards is not necessary.

Helps reduce heating costs complex insulation. The tightness of windows and doors increases, the floor, basement, ceilings and roof are insulated. All this in combination can significantly reduce overall heat loss and reduce spending on space heating.

Single-layer or double-layer wall - which is better?

Modern wall materials allow you to build walls of small thickness, but at the same time quite strong. At the same time, the construction costs will be quite modest. But a thin wall cannot effectively retain heat. There are two ways to solve the problem: a multi-layer or single-layer wall is selected. In this case, a multi-layer structure is understood to mean a structure consisting of two or more layers.

In the first option, a fairly thin load-bearing wall is built, which is complemented by a layer of effective insulation. The insulation protects against heat loss, and the wall provides strength.

Whether to insulate the wall

In the second option, in the case of single-layer walls, initially materials are used for construction that have not only mechanical strength, but also low thermal conductivity. When they ask the question: what material is better to build a house from, the most common answer is - cellular concrete. It has a large number of air cavities, which increase the resistance to heat transfer. However, materials intended for single-layer wall structures do not have outstanding characteristics. They have an average level of strength and mediocre thermal performance. Various design methods are used to improve all properties.

Nothing prevents and combine these two options. Walls made of porous materials can also be insulated. In this case, a small layer of insulation is sufficient. It is suitable for use in cold climates.

Features of single-layer walls

Some time ago, when we thought about what is better to build a house for permanent residence, chose a material suitable for the construction of single-layer walls. The thickness of the wall was chosen to provide thermal comfort. At the same time, energy saving issues were not raised.

Now single-layer walls are built only from certain materials. They have sufficient thermal insulation to ensure compliance energy saving.

As a material for single-layer walls are actively used blocks from porous hollow ceramics, cellular concrete and large-pore expanded clay concrete. All of them have General characteristics: low density in combination with large quantity voids. With a decrease in density, thermal conductivity decreases, but also decreases mechanical strength.

Species cellular concrete there are several. They differ in the way they form pores. One of the best options for building single-layer walls is autoclaved aerated concrete.

Aerated concrete blocks are accurate. This allows you to create walls without gaps, with precise joints. If there are groove-comb profiles, then the solution is also unnecessary.

There are certain advantages of single-layer walls that should be noted. This is the speed of erection, since one layer of materials is laid faster than two or more. Such a wall can be cheaper, since it does not need to be supplemented with other components and the labor costs for creating it are lower.

Which walls are better

There are also disadvantages of using single-layer walls. They always turn out to be wider, because a certain thickness is required for optimal heat saving. As a result, the foundation has to be expanded.

Since jumpers are laid in a number of places, creating cold bridges, the design of the building has to be complicated. Various methods places of heat loss overlap, but without right project it won't work.

The laying of such a wall should be done as carefully as possible. The surface is covered only with a thin, decorative layer of plaster. If there are significant irregularities, then hiding them under a small layer will not work. In addition to plaster, facing plates can be used for facade decoration.

Inside the walls are plastered or sheathed drywall sheets. decorative trim can be any.

Multilayer walls for the house

Multilayer walls consist of a core load-bearing structure and additional layers of insulation and cladding. Carrier the wall can be built from almost any material. Ceramic and silicate bricks are used, foam concrete blocks and much more. The specific choice depends on personal opinion which house is better. You can also choose wood for construction: log or timber.

Insulated walls are built from materials that have more high density and mechanical strength. This allows you to make the main carrier layer of small thickness.

If masonry materials are used, then the masonry is carried out with a mortar. They fill all the vertical and horizontal seams between the individual elements.

Significant mechanical strength of the wall surface allows you to attach any structures and facing materials to it.

AT multilayer construction wall insulation required insulation, otherwise the level of heat preservation and energy saving will be very low. It is the layer of insulation that is responsible in this case for thermal insulation. From its thermal characteristics depends on how comfortable and warm the house will be. An important indicator is the thickness of the insulation for the walls. The thicker the insulation layer, the less heat penetrates through it.

Most often, facade insulation is performed mineral wool. This material is the most common due to its ease of use and performance characteristics. This material is produced in roll form, but much more commonly used mineral wool boards for wall insulation. Another actively used insulation is polystyrene foam in slabs.

For double-layer walls, the insulation is located on the outside. Three-layer have a slightly different design. In them, the insulating material is located in the center of the wall, between two layers of the base material.

If we consider advantages of multilayer walls, the following should be noted:

a layer of thermal insulation blocks the cold bridges in the walls, which allows you to do without complicating the design;
the thickness of two-layer walls is less than that of single-layer ones, which saves on the width of the foundation;
you can use any finishing materials, including ventilated hinged facades.

Insulation replacement: when to perform?

Over time, insulating materials age, begin to break down and lose their properties. In order to maintain comfortable conditions in the house, it is necessary to replace the insulation. The specific replacement time is determined by energy audit. Measurements are taken with the help of special thermal imaging devices, and a visual assessment is also performed.

Initially energy audit it is better to spend immediately after the construction of the house. This will provide data for subsequent assessments. After about twenty-five years, measurements are taken again. If the thermal conductivity of the wall has decreased by a third or more, then it will be necessary to do a major overhaul with the replacement of thermal insulation.

Since the energy audit of houses began to be carried out relatively recently in our country, no data has been accumulated for many years. It is possible to evaluate the durability of heaters only by indirect indicators.

Which walls are cheaper?

If we compare one- and two-layer walls with the same thermal parameters, then practice shows that the first type of construction is cheaper. But in this case, only the construction of the wall is taken into account. The cost benefit is not so significant, given the need to lay a wider foundation. In addition, thick walls eat up space: either the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises decreases, or the free space of the site is reduced.

What walls are best soundproofed?

When choosing which is better to build a house for permanent residence, various factors are analyzed, including the level of sound insulation. When evaluating soundproofing characteristics, attention should be paid to the density of the material. The denser it is, the worse it conducts sound. Therefore, a wall of heavy and dense brick will provide better noise protection than a thicker porous aerated concrete structure.

The same can be said about the heater. heavy mineral wool boards better protection against the penetration of sounds than lightweight foam.

Exist various ways to help make walls quieter. One way is to apply light porous wall layer of severe mineral plaster . This method will significantly reduce the amount of penetrating noise.

The structure of the wall also affects the sound insulation. The presence of cracks in the thickness of the wall parallel to its surface makes the sound insulation better. If the slots are horizontal, coming to the surface and passing through the wall, then the sounds will easily penetrate inside.

Since sound waves are refracted at the boundary between two different materials, then two-layer and three-layer walls are quieter than single-layer ones. Added to this is their high density.

Which walls are more aesthetic?

Since walls of any materials are finished, their aesthetics depend on the method and features of the finish. Wall material has little effect on beauty.

For single-layer walls, it is usually used plaster. Three layers are applied successively. The top one is decorative. It can be smooth or textured.

Plaster can also be applied to double-layer walls with insulation. In this case, apply thin layer special composition. Acrylic, silicate and silicone are used, as well as many other varieties.

The plaster surface can be painted with appropriate paints.

What is the best way to build a house

Popular options are cladding with clinker materials, arrangement of ventilated facades and other finishing methods. The beauty of the house depends on the chosen method of finishing, on the quality of application or installation.

Environmental friendliness of the walls

All wall materials used for the construction of houses emit substances harmful to humans into the air. An exception can only be natural, unprocessed wood. However, when determining the environmental friendliness of materials, attention is paid not to the very fact of the release of substances, but to their quantity. All building materials have certificates that indicate that there is no excess of emission standards for harmful substances.

In order for the walls of the house to be environmentally friendly, it is necessary to observe construction technology. So mineral wool boards can become sources of harmful dust. To prevent it from entering the house, the insulation should be covered on all sides with windproof and vapor barrier films.

If we compare two-layer and single-layer walls, then the former contain more polymers, so they are less environmentally friendly. Polymers age faster than minerals and break down with the release of various substances.

So that harmful substances do not accumulate in the house, it is not enough to choose the most environmentally friendly materials. We still need to equip a quality ventilation.

In our country, in recent decades, individual construction has been actively developing. In addition to the construction of warm and durable houses from classic wood and brick, new materials and technologies are increasingly being used, primarily borrowed from abroad.

New materials for building a house are being developed in order to simplify and speed up installation, to increase the heat-saving characteristics of external walls. But in itself, the low cost of the material for the construction of the building box and its good technical characteristics do not guarantee that the final costs will be small, and the house will turn out to be warm and cozy.

To choose cheap materials for construction, take into account the following factors:

Climate and location of the building plot. This factor affects the choice of wall thickness, the need for additional insulation.
Soil type. Influences the choice of the foundation base, the technology of waterproofing the underground part.

Thus, it is important not only to compare the cost of materials for building structures, but also to determine which is the most cheap option suitable for specific operating conditions.

Final cost of work

It is the final cost of the work that should be taken into account when evaluating the characteristics and cost of materials for building the walls of the house and looking for the most budget option.

The total construction costs are made up of a number of components:

Architecture - the simpler, the cheaper.
Engineering solutions - selection the best option performance of each design.
Internal layout is a rational approach to the use of space in order to get the maximum usable area.
Insulation - the need and costs depend on the thermal conductivity of the walls.
Finishing external, internal - the need depends on the characteristics of the wall material, when choosing finishing materials you can save.
Building materials - it is on their choice that developers try to save as much as possible.
Foundation - the cost is up to 40% of the total investment in construction, the parameters of the foundation base depend on the choice of materials for mounting the building box and the roofing system.

If you want to reduce construction costs, keep in mind that choosing a cheap material for building walls can result in the need to spend extra money and time on their insulation and decoration. When building a house above one floor, strength characteristics also require special attention.

The cheapest building materials

The construction of a classic brick house will not be cheap - and the piece material for laying walls is expensive, and a solid foundation is required. Plus, the installation itself will take a lot of time and will require the involvement of professional masons if there is a desire for the house to be durable, warm and stand for at least 100 years.

Today, new materials and technologies are being used, thanks to which the construction of a private house will require a minimum of time. These include building walls monolithic concrete using fixed formwork from expanded polystyrene. Steel reinforcement is installed inside the polystyrene foam blocks with a tongue-and-groove connection.

The foamed material performs the function of a heater, the cavity between the walls is filled with concrete, due to which a monolithic frame of the building is formed. By themselves, the materials that are used for construction (concrete, polystyrene foam, rebar) are affordable, but the rise in price is due to:

rather high cost of finished blocks with installed fittings;
the need to hire a concrete truck.

In addition, such a house needs external and internal decoration, as well as the installation of a high-quality ventilation system, since walls with a double layer of polystyrene foam do not breathe. This is an example of how the cheapness of materials does not guarantee savings in construction and comfort in the house.

Expecting to find the most cheap material for building a house, you should pay attention to the structures made:

from foam blocks;
from expanded clay concrete;
from gas silicate blocks;
on frame technology;
from a bar;
from round logs.

To evaluate which material is better, you should compare the pros and cons of each option.

Foam block

The popularity of foam concrete is explained by the affordability of the price, simple installation- building a house does not require special tools and lifting equipment, since the weight of the block does not exceed 25 kilograms, and it can be cut with an ordinary hacksaw.

Also in the list of advantages of foam blocks includes:

savings on the foundation - wall structures weigh relatively little, which makes it possible to equip a lightweight underground base;
high installation speed;
strict geometry of the blocks (if the material is of high quality) - due to this, the thickness of the seams is minimal, which reduces the consumption of the adhesive, increases the strength of the masonry and reduces the thermal conductivity of the walls;
high thermal insulation parameters - the porous structure prevents heat loss through the walls;
vapor permeability - the material "breathes", so that the room has a comfortable microclimate;
environmental friendliness and fire safety - the material does not burn and does not emit harmful substances.

The disadvantages include:

the need for external cladding - the building needs external decoration, since the porous material is gaining moisture and freezing and thawing cycles do not benefit it;
in a cold climate, the walls of the house need to be additionally insulated, while insulated ventilated facades increase the cost of construction, gluing with polystyrene foam boards will be inexpensive, but the walls will become vapor-tight and a supply ventilation system will be required;
the risk of cracking blocks during shrinkage of the house, if insufficient quality material is used.

Manufacturers claim that the service life of a foam block building reaches 80 years. But the material appeared relatively recently, so there is no information about its real durability.

Expanded clay concrete

Hollow claydite concrete blocks are used for external walls and partitions of a private house. If we compare expanded clay concrete with foam concrete, then expanded clay concrete is more difficult to process, it is heavier, which should be taken into account when calculating the foundation. The size of the expanded clay concrete block is larger, which speeds up installation.

Expanded clay concrete is characterized by:

environmental friendliness and safety for health;
resistance to combustion, biological damage;
good soundproofing and heat-insulating properties;
breathability.

Walls made of this material need external cladding. Finishing allows you to make the facade aesthetically attractive and protect the porous material from damage during moisture and subsequent freezing. Interior decoration is also required, while it should be taken into account that fasteners do not hold well in expanded clay concrete.

If the masonry is not of sufficient quality, or the material is cracked as a result of shrinkage, cold bridges appear, and the walls of the house need additional thermal insulation.

aerated concrete

Trying to find the cheapest building material, developers buy aerated concrete - lightweight blocks that are easy to install. It is important to use autoclaved aerated concrete from a trusted manufacturer - a material made by drying in a hydration chamber has a strength 3 times lower, they can only be used as a heater.

The blocks must be even, as the seams are cold bridges. But even if the masonry is made with a minimum thickness of the seams, the house needs to be insulated if there is a desire to reduce heating costs. Mandatory external and internal decoration of walls made of porous aerated concrete.

The advantages include the ease of processing blocks. At the same time, during the transportation of material and construction works care should be taken - the blocks are unstable to mechanical damage.

Frame house

To build a house using frame technology, you need to use a whole set of building materials, usually these are:

lumber for mounting the supporting frame;
heat insulator, which is laid inside the walls;
sheet material for external and inner lining (OSB boards etc.).

Frame housing construction has a number of advantages. During construction, it is not required to use machinery and specialized tools, the work is carried out in a short time. The load on the base is small, so a lightweight foundation is used. It is convenient to mount communications in a frame house - they are hidden inside the wall. A structure built using this technology does not require time to shrink.

This construction option is not without its drawbacks. If a foamed polymer insulation is laid in the walls, the house does not “breathe”, which affects the microclimate. Mineral wool vapor-permeable, but it absorbs moisture and due to this, its thermal insulation properties are reduced.

To protect the insulation from getting wet, it is necessary to mount a vapor barrier on the side of the room. It is better to use a special membrane that allows air to pass through, but retains moisture. This is noticeably more expensive than using polyethylene, but contributes to a good microclimate in the house.

Having saved on the construction of walls, you will have to spend a lot of money on exterior decoration, since the frame sheathing should be reliably protected from atmospheric influences. The service life of such a house depends on how well it is treated from biological damage. wooden elements frame, from the choice of external finishes, from the quality of construction work.

bar

A wooden house is warm and home comfort, a unique microclimate, thanks to the use of natural wood for construction.

For the construction of a log house, the following types of timber are used: simple (natural moisture or dry) or glued, consisting of several lamellas. Today, in house building, it is customary to use a profiled beam, which allows you to connect the crowns without ventilated slots.

When choosing a beam, it should be borne in mind that:

a house made of wood of natural moisture shrinks strongly, including with deformation of the crowns, with the formation of cracks in the frame, the beam cracks;
dry material is resistant to cracking and deformation;
the structure of glued beams practically does not shrink, does not deform, finishing can be started immediately after the completion of roofing work.

Houses from profiled timber can be built on their own, the material is easy to process. But the thickness of the walls is usually insufficient so that in cold climates all year round operate the house without additional insulation Otherwise, you will have to spend more money on heating.

rounded log

In an attempt to find the best material for building a house, it is worth paying attention to rounded logs. Application this material makes it possible to significantly reduce the total construction costs, because:

the weight of the structures is not the largest, therefore, a reinforced foundation is not required;
for the construction of a log house, logs of large diameter are used, the thermal conductivity of which makes it possible to do without additional wall insulation;
even smooth logs look attractive, the house looks great without any external and internal decoration.

A rounded log is a good option for construction, if you order the manufacture of a log house kit. In this case, a numbered "constructor" is delivered to the construction site, where all the elements are made using modern equipment, that is, all connections are made with high accuracy. The material used is processed with special means that protect the wood from biological destruction, improve resistance to fire.

If there is a desire to live in a house where it is always supported optimal microclimate(cool in summer, warm in winter, the air does not dry out or become waterlogged), it is recommended to choose.

Conclusion

The choice of material for building a house affects the speed and cost of building a box, the quality of life in the house, and the durability of the building. The desire to save on material for wall structures can result in increased costs for insulation and finishing. If the house is being built on their own, ease of installation, the need to use a specialized tool are evaluated.

The correct choice of material for building a house affects not only its strength and durability, but also the cost of the work. Today's construction market provides a huge range of various materials that are ideal not only for prefabricated buildings, but also for solid structures.

First you need to decide for what purposes the future building is intended. If the house is intended for permanent residence, then the main qualities when choosing a building material should be durability, strength, resistance to moisture, as well as high-quality heat and noise insulation.

All of the above advantages are possessed by houses made of foam concrete, brick, frame and wood.

Pros and cons of building a country house from a bar

The building, during the construction of which timber was used, will be reliable and beautiful. The material made from logs cut down in the winter is great for construction, as such a beam shrinks much faster. There are certain advantages and disadvantages that can affect the choice of this material.

Wooden house from glued laminated timber

For example, the pluses include the shallower depth of the foundation required when building a house. In addition, lumber walls have a lower thermal conductivity compared to brick walls, so you don’t have to think about external or internal wall decoration. An important point - the house can be built at any time, even in winter, even in summer.

Despite the large number of advantages, the beam has a number of disadvantages. This material is subject to decay, so it is short-lived, like any other wood material. Also, after the construction of housing, drying must be carried out for some time. In addition, the fire safety of the material is also not at the highest level.

For the manufacture of profiled timber used conifers trees. outer side may be flat, may look like a log, and inner side most often has a flat surface and is processed by planing. The remaining two sides are equipped with special spikes and grooves, which improves docking with each other. The grooves are stuffed with jute insulation.

Profiled timber is a high-tech material that allows you to build a house in the shortest possible time.

Profiled timber

Glued laminated timber does not have significant shortcomings and defects, because it undergoes special processing during production. The material is protected by a special impregnation of flame retardant and antiseptic, which gives the wood a high level of resistance to decay and fire resistance. , can serve you faithfully for several decades.

Glued laminated timber

In addition, they are built quite quickly, which provides comfortable conditions not only for construction, but also for further living. At present, many various firms can help with the construction of houses from a bar, however, if desired, you can do the construction of a house from a bar yourself, since there are no particular difficulties in this matter.

A wooden house is always very cozy and does not require extra interior decoration.

Here you can watch a video discussing the issues of building a house, but keep in mind that it was recorded at the Forest Fair, and, of course, the author promotes the topic of building wooden houses. But at the same time, there are some very helpful tips in the video.

Foam concrete houses: pros and cons

The choice of building material, to a greater extent, is determined by such qualities as ease of installation, environmental friendliness, heat and sound insulation. Foam concrete has all of the above qualities, so it is gaining more and more popularity among builders. To date, mass housing developments are carried out using this material.

Private country house made of foam concrete

An important quality for many consumers is that this material has high level environmental safety. For the manufacture of foam concrete is used only natural materials such as cement, water, sand. Of course, the addition of dyes with plasticizers is also possible, but their amount is usually very small. Walls made of this material perfectly pass air, which provides a favorable microclimate in the room.

Foam concrete house wall

Foam concrete has a fairly low price in relation to other materials. In addition, it is very light, which undoubtedly affects the installation speed. You can build a house in two to three months. In addition, building a house from foam concrete does not require the construction of a powerful foundation.

One of the main qualities of foam concrete is the presence of good heat and noise insulation, which leads to a reduction in the cost of heat energy and insulating materials. This material is completely fireproof and easily resists high temperatures. In addition, finishing internal walls can be done with almost any material.

But, like any building material, foam concrete has its drawbacks. One of them is insufficient strength, so the blocks may be damaged during transportation and construction. There is a possibility that cracks may appear on the walls after the building box is installed, appearing during shrinkage or under the influence of temperature differences. In order to avoid adverse consequences, you need to invest in high-quality reinforcement of the structure.

Reinforced construction

After it has been erected, do not immediately strive to finish the interior walls, it is better to wait for a while. The reason is that there is a possibility of carbonization shrinkage, which can occur as a result of the formation of chalk inside the material. Such changes may occur due to chemical reaction between cement and carbon dioxide.

Pros and cons of brick houses

Brick houses are among the most popular in the construction industry because they are durable, strong and comfortable. If such a house is built competently and thoroughly, then it can easily stand for more than 100 years, delighting residents. cozy layout and the warmth of their walls.

Beautiful brick country house

Brick is the most suitable material for outdoor finishing works. For brick cladding you will need less funds than on a full-fledged arrangement of a building from the same material. Such cladding both decorates the structure and protects it from the harmful effects of the environment. Best Option in the construction of reliable and warm home is a combination of foam concrete with brick.

Brick is ideal for building a house because it is completely natural.

Construction of a brick house

A brick house will not burn down. Of course, the fire will destroy everything that was inside, but the frame of the house will remain standing, which contributes to the beginning of a new life.

If necessary, you can build on, add additional rooms. A house that has only one floor can become a comfortable cottage or a house with several floors.

Brick walls can support roller shutters or additional attic. You can also line the walls with wood, wild stone or decorative bricks.

Let's make a reservation right away that in this article we will not consider exotic building materials, such as adobe bricks, reeds or felt. Let's talk about materials traditionally used in Russia and most other countries for building houses. There are a lot of them (and new ones are constantly appearing), however, all of them are one or another variation on the theme of wood, stone or concrete.

The traditional dispute about which walls are “warm” and which are not, in our opinion, has already lost its relevance: on the one hand, there are now so many effective thermal insulation technologies that you can make any wall "warm"; on the other hand, even the “warmest” wall, made “by a blunder”, instead of heat, will give only drafts. Therefore, we believe that one of the most important qualities that the best material for building a house should have is its weight. The more massive the walls of the house, the stronger they are and the greater the load they can withstand. But the foundations in such a design must also have a large bearing capacity, which significantly increases the cost of construction (the cost of the foundation can reach up to 30% of the cost of the entire house!)

wooden houses

The "lightest" types of houses are frame-panel and panel. Their walls and partitions consist of wooden frame upholstered with wooden panels, between which there is a layer thermal insulation material. The difference between them is that the walls of a frame house are erected “on the spot”, while the walls of a panel house are built at the factory in the form of panels. The advantages of such houses are: the speed of construction (professional teams spend about 3 weeks on assembling a frame house, a panel house can be assembled in a few days), the ability to use weakly supporting foundations that are easy to install, and, consequently, a serious reduction in the cost of construction. Disadvantages: weak strength and load bearing capacity(it is allowed to build up to two floors with an attic), fragility ( guarantee period the service life of such houses is about 20-25 years, although in reality a well-built house stands without repair and 50-60 years - there are examples). In addition, in Russia, frame-panel technologies are still somewhat wary, although in Europe and America this is one of the most common houses, so wooden panels may well act as the best material for building a house with the tolerance of certain structural restrictions.

Next in weight are wooden log cabins, or from a log round section(manual or mechanical cylinder), or from a rectangular bar. Their advantages: ease of construction, average cost, the possibility of using inexpensive foundations, increased compared to frame houses, strength and durability (40-50 years minimum). The disadvantages are as follows: log cabins are subject to shrinkage, so it is impossible to build such a house within one season; as a result of shrinkage, cracks are formed, therefore log cabins require mandatory caulking; increased fire hazard of the material requiring the use additional measures protection; the most important thing is the direct dependence of the quality of the material on its price. Inexpensive hand-fed log cabins are usually made of low quality wood, with numerous slots, and logs and beams good quality are usually expensive.

Houses made of stone and concrete

Recently, houses from various kinds concrete derivatives: foam concrete, polystyrene concrete, etc. These materials are quite light (compared to ordinary concrete), non-combustible, have good heat and sound insulation, are easy to install and also claim to be the best material for building a house. Of the minuses, one can note the fragility of the material, which does not allow building above two floors. There are problems with interior decoration- "softness" of the material forces to do different kind additional "false walls". In addition, buildings made of these materials require the immediate installation of insulated facades, otherwise unprotected walls begin to quickly collapse.

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