Flushing the heating of a private house. How to flush the heating system? Do-it-yourself chemical washing

Pollution that accumulates in the heating system of a private house adversely affects the efficiency of its functioning. For this reason, experts recommend regular flushing of pipes and radiators.

Blockages in heating systems - causes and signs of occurrence

The water used in modern heating systems as a heat carrier contains a number of chemical components. When high temperatures begin to act on them, magnesium, calcium, iron and other elements are released in the form of small fractions. The resulting particles settle in batteries and pipes (on internal surfaces). As a result, over time, a layer of hard plaque appears. It complicates the circulation of the coolant, thereby reducing the efficiency of the system - the heating of the home becomes of poor quality. As a rule, plaque consists of 50–60% calcium and magnesium deposits, 20–30% iron oxides, 10–15% zinc oxide, sulfur, and copper.

It has been proven that with a total thickness of deposits of 7–9 mm, the quality of the functioning of the heat supply system is reduced by 40–50%. If the owner of the dwelling does not periodically clean the pipes and radiators, the level of their wear and tear at one "fine" moment will reach a critical point. This will result in the need for a complete system replacement.

The frequency of pipe cleaning depends on what material they are made of, in what temperature conditions they work, as well as on other factors. In practice, the need to flush the heating system installed in a private house is determined by the following criteria:

• an increase in electricity consumption when using an electric boiler or fuel when using other types of heating units;
• uneven heating of batteries;
• extraneous sounds, noises during the start-up of the heat supply complex;
• increase the system warm-up time.

If you observe at least one of these signs, it makes sense to clean the radiators and pipes. This operation is performed different ways. We will talk about them.

Flushing pipes and batteries with water-pulsing mixtures and biological products

You can clean the system in different ways. For these purposes, use:

• special biological preparations;
• water-pulsing mixture;
• water hammer technology;
• chemical compounds.

When using biological products, there is no need to turn off the heat supply system. This technique allows you to clean pipes and heating radiators in a short time. The essence of the method is the addition of special compositions to the system with high level biological activity. The added biological product dissolves in water and circulates with it for some time, dissolving deposits of nickel, iron (rust) and other elements.

The compositions used do not destroy the inner surface of the pipes; from the point of view of ecology, they are completely safe. The technology is very simple and clear. But unfortunately, a common person, far from plumbing intricacies, is not always able to choose the right preparation for cleaning system elements made of different materials. In most cases House master compelled to seek expert advice. Therefore, this technique is used in everyday life relatively rarely.

Self-administration of water-pulsing flushing is also rare. This technology is implemented using special equipment that allows you to fill heating pipes and batteries with a special liquid composition ( compressed air plus water) and act on the system with active impulses. The latter quickly clean the lines from the inside, removing deposits of various origins, raids and rust. One procedure of water-pulse washing guarantees a significant increase in the level of heat transfer of any heating system.

Hydropercussion and chemical cleaning - when are they used?

Water hammer technology is indispensable for flushing old heating networks with cast iron pipes and batteries that are used sufficiently for a long time(10 or more years). It is almost impossible to deal with blockages in such systems in other ways.

The water hammer technique is used for pipelines up to 60 meters long with standard scheme placement of water channels.

We note right away that the technology we are interested in is considered very labor-intensive. The principle of such cleaning is based on the impact of a shock wave of a certain force on the plaque. You can create the required impact using special pumping equipment. It is also necessary to stock up on a hose and special nozzles for supplying liquid to the pipeline. In order to qualitatively flush the heating system using the hydraulic shock method in a private house, the following steps should be performed:

1. 1. We remove water from the pipeline.
2. 2. We select the parts of the system that need to be cleaned.
3. 3. We dismantle a piece of pipe in the chosen place.
4. 4. We introduce a hose with a nozzle into the line, start the pump.

Pressurized water actively breaks up deposits. In this case, mechanical damage to the pipes (their inner walls) is not applied. Almost all (about 96–98%) of the shock wave is directed towards the water flow. After cleaning (the duration of the procedure is usually 50–60 minutes), it is necessary to remove all existing internal filters, fill the heating system with water and flush it thoroughly. This will remove the remnants of plaque.

If the pipeline is characterized by a complex configuration, it makes no sense to apply the water hammer technique. The flow of water will not be able to remove plaque in hard-to-reach areas of the network. AT similar situations it is wiser to use chem. cleaning. To implement it with your own hands, in principle, is not difficult. The main thing is to choose the right cleaning composition. Some chemicals sold in specialized stores can destroy polymer and aluminum pipes. Always consult with professionals whether it is possible to use one or another composition for washing products from these materials. And read the manufacturer's instructions very carefully.

Chem. cleaning is carried out using a container for liquid and a pump. They must be connected to the pipeline through nozzles. Chemical flushing is suitable for removing plaque from the entire line, and only from its individual sections. The cleaning process itself is performed as follows:

1. 1. Drain the water from the system.
2. 2. Pour chemical into the container. compound.
3. 3. Start the pumping equipment, the cleaning agent enters the line.
4. 4. Wait 2.5-3 hours.

Cleaning is considered complete after deposits from the system no longer enter the liquid container. Important! After use chemical reagents be sure to flush the pipeline with plain water. This operation makes it possible to wash away the remnants of the used reagents. The final work is the pressing of the heat supply system and its tightness test.

Most of the pollution is formed in the sections of the highway, which are located near heating unit. These places are zones of the greatest thermal influence. They should be cleaned as often as possible. Ideally, flushing the heating network in a private dwelling should be done every 2-3 years. In reality, home craftsmen carry it out every 5-6 years. This is perfectly acceptable.

If the system has not been cleaned for 10-15 years, it is imperative to dismantle the heat exchangers of the heating unit and all installed batteries. Pipes do not need to be disassembled or removed. And the last. After flushing the pipeline, analyze the condition of the clamp and threaded fittings mounted on the main. Often they are also clogged with scale and rust. If deposits are minor, simply remove them. In cases where it is not possible to clean the fittings, replace them with new elements.

Has yours ceased to function fully and is no longer as efficient as before, warming the home? The reason is simple: the pipes are clogged with scale, rust and other deposits, which hindered the circulation and heat transfer of water. But there is no need to despair because of such a diagnosis, because high-quality flushing can save the equipment. Do it really even with your own hands. In order for you to accurately cope with the task and return the heating system of your private house to its former efficiency, we will understand the four most effective types flushing: with and without equipment disassembly.

Flushing with battery removal

Let's first consider the most hard way flushing the heating system - with an analysis of its components. The work is carried out in several stages:

• Drain all water from the heating system.
• Unscrew the radiator from the piping and remove it.

Advice. If the fixing sleeve does not come out as standard, heat it with a cutter.

• Visually assess the condition of the battery and, if necessary, pre-clean it mechanically.
• Take the radiator outside. Turn the device upside down and close its bottom opening.
• Fill the battery up to the stop with water and open the bottom hole: the liquid will flow out of the device along with dirt particles. Repeat the procedure until clean water comes out of the battery.

It is very important to clarify one interesting point here: why does the radiator need to be turned upside down? The fact is that hot water moves through the radiator in one, correct direction, leaving behind scale in the form of small scales, and by turning the device over, you run liquid into it in the opposite direction, thereby helping it to effectively eliminate scaly deposits.

Flushing with battery removal

After flushing, connect the radiator back to the pipes and start the heating system.

Unfortunately, practice shows that even with all its complexity, this washing method is not always effective. That is why cleaning methods that do not involve disassembly of equipment are actively used today. Let's get acquainted with three of them.

Chemical flushing without dismantling the system

This cleaning method heating system based on the use of special chemicals. It can be such active substances:

• alkaline solution;
• phosphoric or orthophosphoric acid;
• vinegar;
• caustic soda;
• special formulations.

First, the selected substance is poured into the heating circuit. Further, using a special pump, the reagent is circulated directly in the system for several hours - usually up to four. If you use store formulations, the recommended circulation time is indicated on the packaging - it is important to observe it so as not to deform internal coating batteries. After completion of the procedure, it is necessary to drain the reagent, rinse and pressure test the heating system - and only after that it can be put into operation.

Take into account the fact that chemical compositions are not suitable for washing non-galvanized steel batteries and pipes that have been used for several decades - this is simply unprofitable from an economic point of view: active reagents in the process of cleaning the system can not only dissolve rust, but also provoke the appearance new leaks in old equipment.

Another way to maintain the heating system that does not require disassembly of the equipment is hydropneumatic flushing. This method has been used for several decades and involves breaking up contaminants using a pneumatic pump.

The principle of flushing is as follows: the heating circuit starts up for discharge in sewer system, and in parallel, compressed air is supplied to the water stream at high power, which destroys rust, scale and other contaminants. At the same time, it must be installed on the pipeline without fail - it will protect against ingress of flushing water into the pump.

Hydropneumatic system flushing

Step-by-step scheme of hydropneumatic flushing:

1. Fill the heating system with water and close the valve.
2. Close the drain pipe.
3. Connect the pump to the second branch pipe of the system.
4. When the pump pressure reaches 0.6 MPa, start the compressed air supply - one procedure should last up to 15 minutes.
5. Flush all the risers one by one with an air-water mixture, draining the liquid through the drain cock. Flush the system until the outlet water is clear.
6. Discard residual water.
7. Start the heating system and perform a one-time reset.
8. Refill the system.

Pneumatic and electrohydropulse flushing

Speaking about the methods of flushing the heating system, one cannot fail to mention two more common methods - pneumatic and electrohydropulse.

Pneumohydropulse washing involves the use of a special pneumatic gun or other impulse device: the device creates multiple impulses, through which contaminants are introduced from the system. This method provides spot washing heating equipment.

Electrohydropulse washing is based on the use of energy released by an electric charge: first through one end of a coaxial cable special device an electrical impulse enters the system, and then a strong charge is formed at the second end of the cable, the shock wave of which quickly destroys pollution. Most effectively, such a wave fights scale. When the cleaning is completed, the dirt is washed away running water. At the same time, peculiar microexplosions do not deform the pipes and batteries themselves - they only affect deposits.

As you can see, it is absolutely realistic to improve the functionality of heating equipment in a private house with your own hands. There are four for your attention effective ways flushing the system - if you clean it regularly and taking into account all the recommendations, you are guaranteed to be able to improve the quality of heating your home and extend the life of heating appliances.

Flushing the heating system: video

How to flush the heating system: photo

Heating systems in private houses and apartments need periodic flushing. In apartment buildings, this work is carried out by public utilities, and the owners of private houses have to do everything on their own or hire third-party specialists. During operation, various small particles enter the heating system, which are deposited in batteries, pipes and the boiler. Without flushing, these particles will accumulate and compact, which will lead to blockage of heating devices and pipes, disruption of water circulation in the heating system, and failure of the heating system. To prevent all these problems, periodic flushing of the heating system is necessary. Before flushing the heating system with your own hands, be sure to study the rules and features of this work.

Scheme of continuous hydropneumatic flushing of the heating system.

Flushing the pipelines of the heating system: why is it necessary?

To properly flush the heating system, you need to know why this flush is performed.

The technology for flushing the pipelines of the heating system is quite simple, so, observing certain rules you can do everything by yourself.

Flushing of pipelines and other parts of the heating system is necessary in cases where the heating system, which has not been flushed for more than 5-10 years, has low energy efficiency, which is primarily due to large quantity deposits of magnesium and calcium salts on the walls of pipelines of the heating system. It is known that a layer of deposits only 1 mm thick reduces heat transfer by about 10%, which immediately affects the overall energy efficiency of the heating system and energy consumption. Moreover, the overgrowth of pipelines of the heating system with scale and deposits leads to a drop in temperature in heated rooms.

Standard technology system flushing the heating system.

In case of failure to timely flush the pipes of the heating system, the consequences can be simply catastrophic. You need to understand that flushing the pipes of the heating system is a mandatory service procedure. This technology designed to keep the heating system in proper condition for a long time. High-quality and long-term operation of the heating system is impossible without periodic flushing, which, of course, must be carried out correctly.

In case of failure to timely flush the pipes of the heating system, damage and destruction of expensive equipment is possible heating point, the possibility of various emergencies, up to the defrosting of the heating system in winter, is not ruled out, which ultimately leads to downtime of the heating system and significant financial losses, processes are noticeably accelerated mechanical failure heating pipes etc. That is why the operating rules of the heating system regulate its mandatory periodic inspection.

Why do deposits form on the walls of the pipes of the heating system?

The main conductor of heat is water. It is she who represents main reason contamination of the heating system. Sludge formed by hard water salts or tiny particles silt, over time becomes scale, a solid sediment. Settling on the inner walls of the pipes of the heating system, scale significantly reduces the efficiency of the heating system.

The scheme of flushing the heating system.

A thick layer of scale is characterized by high thermal insulation properties, i.e. prevents heat transfer. In addition, scale intensifies the mechanical processes of wear of pipes and other elements of the heating system.

That is why the rules for operating heating indicate the need to periodically carry out various preventive work, an integral part of which is flushing.

Flushing the heating system: how to know that it's time?

There are a number of signs, according to which it can be understood that the time has come to flush the heating system:

• Radiators heat up unevenly. Usually, top part batteries are warm, while the lower one is cold;
• when warming up heating boiler due to the thick layer of scale, a characteristic crackle is heard;
• warming up the premises takes much longer than previously required;
• the power of the boiler is reduced;
• significantly increase the cost of the coolant;
• when the supply pipes are hot, the batteries remain cold.

The rules for flushing the heating system provide for the possibility of using chemical and physical cleaning methods. To physical methods include hydropercussion and hydropulse flushing, which require the use of special equipment - a compressor. By chemical method flushing is the use of various preparations that dissolve the deposition of sludge and scale.

Scheme of chemical flushing of pipes.

To flush the heating system yourself, prepare the necessary tools:

• construction key;
• chisel;
• spanners;
• basin;
• products selected according to the rinsing method (compressor or descaling agents).

Flushing the heating system with a water-pulsing mixture and biological products

This method is based on cleaning the heating pipes with a pulsating mixture of water and compressed air. The rules and technology are quite simple. Compressed air is supplied to the heating system, the turbulence of which with water raises particles of salts, corrosion, soot, sand and other deposits. Further pulsed air supply removes sludge from the pipes of the heating system, preventing it from settling on the walls.

By following the rules and technology of such flushing, you can extend the life of your system by 20 years or more. This method allows you to clean heating network at any time of the year, without dismantling the risers and batteries.

Standard chemical pipe flushing scheme.

Flushing pipes of the heating system with biological products is a highly effective and environmentally friendly safe way, the rules and technology of which provide for the introduction of microbiological preparations into the heating system.

Circulating through the pipes of the system, biological products break down organic, oily-mud and solid deposits. The rules and technology of this method do not provide for disassembly or shutdown. Another positive point in this case is the safety of modern cleaners for older systems.

Flushing the heating system through a pneumohydraulic shock and chemicals

This method is commonly used for flushing old heating systems. The rules and technology for performing such work provide for the impact on the system of a shock wave, which propagates through the system at a speed of 1200 m/s and breaks through plugs of scale and sludge. The walls of radiators and pipes, at the same time, are not destroyed, because. they are affected by no more than 2% of the total force of the wave impact, and the remaining 98% fall on various deposits, which are destroyed and removed through a flexible hose into the sewer system.

By following the rules of hydrotreatment, you can significantly reduce operating costs, because. there is no need to replace pipes and radiators.

Various chemicals allow you to clean and flush pipelines, risers and other components of the heating system using reagents based on organic and inorganic acids. This chemical flushing method is considered to be one of the most economical, and covers not only surfaces, but also hard-to-reach places of deposits.

Scheme of the device of the heat exchanger.

In the case of using such reagents, it is very important to follow the rules for their use, which, as a rule, are given on the packaging. Technological means completely eliminate traces of scale and corrosion in the heating system within 5-10 hours.

However, the rules for the use of such funds indicate the need to assess the condition of heating equipment. The physical condition of radiators and pipes, the degree of wear, the thickness of the walls - these parameters must be carefully examined for the risk of damage to them by chemical reagents, the composition of which, as a rule, includes hydrochloric acid.

Consider the fact that even following all the rules for flushing the heating system, it is not always possible to achieve the desired result. Sometimes, due to particularly large pollution, complex cleaning is needed, the rules for which involve the use of several different methods.

Features of collapsible flushing of the heat exchanger

If the heat exchanger is very dirty or completely out of order, collapsible flushing can help. The rules and technology of collapsible flushing are quite simple. It is necessary to disassemble the heat exchanger, remove all plates, soak them in special solution, rinse each plate by hand, insert the plate pack into the heat exchanger. After that, the heat exchanger is assembled and pressure tested.

By following the rules of this work, you will receive many benefits:

• collapsible washing of heating guarantees the highest quality;
• any contamination is removed;
• everything happens visually, and you can see the whole process of work.

However, there are also disadvantages that cannot be avoided, even following all the rules of work. So, if your heat exchanger worked for wear, in critical conditions, or the service life rubber seals is over, it may be necessary to change the seals of the heat exchanger, which will lead to an increase in cost and turnaround time.

As a rule, the technology of collapsible cleaning of the heat exchanger mentioned above differs only in the choice of a specific method for cleaning the plates of the device after its disassembly. Several main methods are used:

• in the case of collapsible rinsing, it is sometimes possible to remove contaminants with a jet of water from a special apparatus high pressure;
• in the presence of more serious deposits, first it is necessary to clean the upper layer of deposits from the heat exchanger plates using a high-pressure cleaner, then soak them in an acid solution, and then clean them again using a high-pressure cleaner.

Features of in-place flushing of heat exchangers

For the prevention and extension of the life of heating systems, CIP flushing is used, the rules for which provide for the use of special equipment designed for CIP flushing. This method is used for both gasketed and brazed heat exchangers.

Among the disadvantages of this method, one can single out the fact that if the heat exchanger is clogged with a variety of mechanical inclusions (sludge particles after welding pipelines, etc.), in-place flushing of heating will not be effective enough, even if all the rules for performing work are observed. And the advantage, in fact, is that you do not need to disassemble the heat exchanger.

The composition of the heat exchanger.

In-place chemical washing is carried out using a special apparatus. This device allows chemical cleaning of welded, brazed or plate heat exchangers. Outwardly, it is a tank made of high-strength plastic, equipped with a built-in heating element and reversible pump. In the course of flushing, for example, a plate heat exchanger this device alternately connected to the circuits of the unit through drain holes.

Inside the device itself, during operation, there is a special detergent, made on the basis of organic additives and phosphoric acid. Orthophosphoric acid is very well suited for chemical cleaning and flushing: getting inside the heat exchanger circuit, it dissolves the compounds that make up the scale. In addition, due to the fact that the cleaning solution for chemical washing of heat exchangers also includes inhibitors and organic additives, it does not cause any harm to the heat exchanger plates.

After all the scale has been dissolved, the washing solution must be drained through the drain holes, and the heat exchanger rinsed clean water. After that, it is ready for use again.

This modern technology, if you follow all the rules for its implementation, it has many advantages, namely:

• the possibility of performing work without dismantling or with partial dismantling of the heating system at any time of the year, including during the heating season;
• the use of environmentally friendly and certified chemicals ensures safe conditions work;
• economic efficiency and high productivity of use;
• performance of the whole complex of works with high quality and in the shortest possible time.

To clean heat exchangers and heating systems, modern preparations are used that can dissolve ferruginous and carbonate deposits from the surfaces of copper and steel alloys, and the inhibitor present in their composition prevents aggressive effects of hydrochloric acid. The active substances in the cleaning agent speed up the rinsing process, which makes it possible to quickly remove even difficultly soluble and dense deposits. The dispersant prevents the re-deposition of washed deposits (especially in the places of circulation), and the antifoam component does not allow the working solution to foam abundantly and prevents the formation of so-called. "dead zones", allowing you to completely clean the surfaces of heating pipelines.

According to statistics, already after several months of operation of the heating system, the efficiency of its operation and heating can be reduced by up to 10%. The reason for the decrease in efficiency is the numerous chemical processes inside the heating pipes of the house, which lead to the formation of scale and rust.

Pollution settles on inner surface pipes and reduce the performance of the heating system at home. Over time, the situation is aggravated and if the flushing work is not carried out in time, an emergency situation may occur.

When to Rinse

With excessive accumulation of scale occurs significant reduction in heat transfer, because large layer scale is a good heat insulator. It has been proven that the appearance of deposits with a thickness of only 7-9 mm reduces the quality of the heating system at home by 40-50%. If not washed in a timely manner, then over time there will be a significant decrease in heating efficiency. In exceptional cases it may be necessary complete replacement heating elements.

It is necessary to rinse when the first signals appear. The signal for the need for work is the appearance of the following symptoms:

If even one sign from this list appears, you should think about cleaning radiators and heating pipes.

The appearance of uneven heat transfer from radiators and the appearance of extraneous noise during operation are the main signals about the need to clean pipes and radiators in a private house. The frequency of flushing depends on a number of factors:

• coolant composition;
• temperature regime system operation;
• pipe materials;
• radiator materials.

The first flushing is carried out immediately after the installation of the heating structure. Whether or not there are clear signs of a malfunction, periodic cleaning is recommended:

• for metal pipes 2 times a year, immediately before the start heating season and after its completion;
• for plastic pipes 1 time before the start of the heating season.

The choice of cleaning technology largely depends on the materials for the manufacture of pipes and radiators and the operating time of the heating system.

How to flush the heating system in a private house

Chemical cleaning system

Chemical washing involves the use of special drugs that may have:

• biological origin;
• chemical origin.

Biopreparation purification technology is highly efficient and environmentally friendly. The action is based on the principle of introducing microbiological agents into the heating system, after which the deposits are split. This technology does not require disassembly and shutdown of the entire heating system at home.

The undoubted advantage of chemical cleaning with biological products is the possibility of painless use in old heating systems. Cleansing products are made water based, the drug serves to separate the contamination from the walls. The desired cleaning result is achieved after a few days.

The advantage of this technology is:

• no need to turn off the heating system;
• possibility of use in old heating systems;
• high efficiency and achievement of the desired result in a few days;
• safety;
• no negative impact on the pipe material.

The mechanism of chemical flushing consists in the effect of the drug on the pollution of the heating system of the house and its purification by dissolving precipitation and scale. Chemical preparations act on deposits, which are subsequently removed from the heating along with the fluid flow.

The cost of a chemical reagent depends on the composition and popularity of the manufacturer. The most popular drugs are:

DOCKER TERMO

The cost for 1 liter is 180 rubles, the drug cannot be used for aluminum.

Metalin

The price for 1 liter is 105 rubles, the drug cannot be used for non-ferrous metals.

Master Boiler Power

The price for 0.6 kg is 475 rubles, the drug has no contraindications for use.

The main disadvantage of this method is the difficulty in self-selection the correct amount of the drug. The possibility of using chemicals is also complicated by the fact that in most cases the components of the heating system are made of different materials. The chemicals have varying degrees impact on metal or polymer materials. In most cases, the preferred method mechanical impact on pollution of the heating system.

Physical cleaning methods

Physical cleaning methods are:

• hydrodynamic washing;
• pneumohydropulse washing.

For hydrodynamic flushing, you will need special equipment, including special nozzles and thin hoses.

The cleaning mechanism consists in supplying water under pressure to the nozzle, which is responsible for generating thin jets of water.

The advantage of hydrodynamic flushing is its efficiency, but in practice the method is used quite rarely due to its high cost.

Cleaning by pneumohydropulse washing is effective tool pollution control in the heating system. For better cleaning, the procedure is recommended to be carried out several times. The essence of the method is to create high blood pressure, due to which the chipping off of contaminants from the walls occurs.

Do-it-yourself chemical washing

For chemical cleaning, it is important correct selection preparation and careful study of the instructions before starting work. To self-clean the heating system in a private house, you need:

• pump;
• liquid container;
• preparation for cleaning;
• hoses.

Most chemicals are diluted with a certain amount of water before use. In stores, if desired, you can purchase ready-made liquid, which is the best option for flushing a small system. For big autonomous systems it is recommended to purchase a concentrate. Procedure for cleaning as follows:

• draining water from the heating system;
• filling the tank of the treatment plant with the prepared composition;
• switching on using pump nozzles and filling the elements of the heating system with a chemical composition.

To destroy scale usually 2-3 hours is enough. Circulation is carried out until the absence of deposits in the filter tank. It is mandatory to flush the heating system with water to completely remove the chemical reagent. Please note that the spent chemical solution must not be discharged into the sewer.

At the end of the flushing, the heating is pressed and the tightness is checked.

When carrying out work, pay attention to the precautions with chemical preparation. Precautionary measures:

• gloves must be worn when working with the solution;
• the concentration of the reagent can be very dangerous for humans, therefore, before starting work, it is necessary to protect the mucous membranes with a respirator.

Do-it-yourself pneumohydropulse flushing

To clean the heating system with your own hands you will need:

• compressor;
• hose and outlet pipe;
• collar;
• ball valve;
• liquid drain container.

The procedure is as follows:

• draining water from the heating system;
• connection of the outlet pipe to the "return";
• connection to compressor outlet;
• pumping pressure up to 5 atmospheres;
• blocking the outlet pipe and disconnecting the compressor;
• connecting the hose, after opening the valve, the draining of impurities will begin.

If you notice the problem of uneven heating of the radiator, then you should not take decisive action to clean the heating system. Uneven heating of the radiator is not always a sign of contamination of the heating system. In some cases, this may be a consequence of the fact that it got too much air. In this case, it is necessary to bleed air from the radiator.

To reduce the physical and time costs for periodic flushing, it is recommended to fill the system with soft water, that is, water with a minimum salt content. The softest water is rain and snow water, as close as possible to distilled water. Such water can be prepared at home with your own hands. The recipe for its preparation is simple and does not require high costs. For every 10 liters it is necessary to dissolve 30-50 grams soda ash. Before pouring water, the solution must be allowed to settle, while precipitation should not be present in it.

An effective solution for flushing the heating system can be prepared by hand. For this it is necessary prepare a solution based on- 40 grams of concentrated soda or washing powder per bucket of water. The volume of the prepared solution must correspond to the volume of water withdrawn from the system. As a rule, for the heating system of a private house, 15-20 liters is considered sufficient. After a week of heating, the solution must be drained from the system.

Vinegar, caustic soda, lemon acid, special remedy. When flushing the system with a chemical preparation, the spent solution must not be poured into the sewer system or into the backyard.

The choice of method depends from the materials of manufacture of the elements of the system, the terms of its operation, the size and length of the pipes. In a private house, it is much easier to perform the flushing procedure once a year than, after several years, to deal with a layer of deposits of a few millimeters or centimeters.

During the entire period of operation, contaminants accumulate in the pipes and radiators of the heating system. They adversely affect performance and can lead to serious problems. Therefore, the question arises before the owner - how and with what to flush the heating system of the house: radiators, batteries, pipes? After all, the quality of the work of the entire heat supply at home will depend on this.

Causes of clogged heating pipes

The composition of water includes many additional components. Iron, calcium and magnesium predominate the most. When exposed to relatively high temperatures they are isolated in the form of small fractions, which are deposited on the inner surface of pipes and radiators.

So before washing aluminum batteries heating, you need to find out the nature of the pollution. In addition to calcium and magnesium deposits, oxide deposits can also form due to the natural rusting of metal heating components. Depending on the nature of the pollution, optimal technology cleaning.

Typically, the composition of the raid includes the following elements:

• iron oxides. In a system with steel piping and radiators, they can take up to 25% of the total plaque volume;
• Calcium and magnesium deposits - occupy up to 60%;
• Oxides of copper, sulfur and zinc - up to 15%.

Since the heating radiator in the apartment should be flushed only after a preliminary analysis of the nature of the pollution, it is recommended that you first take a plaque sample. To do this, you can dismantle part of the pipeline. In practice, this is not always done, especially for heating systems installed relatively recently.

The frequency of flushing the heating system depends on the composition of the coolant, the temperature regime of operation, as well as on the materials used to manufacture pipes and radiators.

Diagnostics of the heating system

How to flush an aluminum heating radiator and when should it be done? First of all, it is necessary to determine the expediency of carrying out the procedure for cleaning the system. It depends on several factors that can be identified independently.

The main sign of the relevance of resolving the issue of how to flush the heating system in apartment building is uneven heat transfer of radiators. Those. in some areas the heating temperature is normal, while in others it is not. The relevance of flushing heating batteries can be determined by touch (which is not entirely correct) or with the help of a thermal imager and sharp thermometers.

Since it is possible to flush the heating system in a private house only after comparing its current performance with the required ones, you should check the pressure on different areas scheme. In places where pipes and radiators are clogged, the wire diameter decreases, which entails pressure surges. This is also one of the factors for mandatory cleaning.

What else external signs could indicate a blockage?

• Increased noise level. It is the result of a change in the volume of passage hot water in various parts of the system;
• Frequent operation of the safety group - air vent and drain valve.

Having found out that it is necessary to flush the heating system in a private house, you should choose the right technology. It depends on the material of manufacture of pipes and radiators.

Regardless of the above signs, the heating system must be cleaned at least once every 5-6 seasons of operation.

Methods for flushing the heating system

Before flushing the heating system, select best way cleaning pipes and radiators from blockages. One of the problems is the density of scale, which most often has a homogeneous structure located on the inner surface of heating appliances.

Therefore, before flushing the cast-iron heating radiator, this deposit should be destroyed by breaking it into separate components. small size. Then, with the help of a liquid flow, they are removed from the heating. This process becomes more complicated if the components of the heating network are made of various materials– metal, polymers. Traditional chemical cleaning can damage some of them. Therefore, it is advisable to choose a method of mechanical action on scale.

Hydrodynamic flushing of heating

This is one of the most time-consuming methods of removing contamination. Its essence lies in the impact of a shock wave of water on deposits. This requires special pumping equipment, nozzles and hose for fluid supply.

The hydrodynamic method can only be used for pipelines or radiators with a simple layout of water channels. How to flush heating pipes with a long length? Application chemical compositions will not be economically beneficial due to the significant volume of the system. Therefore, in such cases, scale is removed mechanically.

This procedure is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. The coolant is removed from the lines.
2. Areas for flushing the heating system in an apartment building or cottage are determined.
3. The pipe section is dismantled and the hose with a nozzle is inserted into the line.
4. Water is supplied under pressure, which destroys scale.

After that, the system is filled with water and rinsed several times to remove scale residues. Before this, it is necessary to dismantle all internal filters. To prevent contamination particles from remaining in the system.

But how to flush radiators if their internal configuration has complex shape? The above method is not effective in this case. Therefore, you need to choose another, alternative.

For heating with a short length of pipelines, the hydrodynamic method may be appropriate only if there are large solid deposits on the surface of pipes and radiators.

Chemical flushing of heating

The implementation of flushing heating radiators in an apartment is best done with the help of chemicals. They act on scale, destroying it and crushing it into separate components of small sizes.

To flush the heating system in a private house, you need to choose the right composition. Some of them can destroy aluminum or polymer pipes. Therefore, before purchasing, you should read the instructions from the manufacturer.

For self-cleaning of heating, you will need a pump and a container for liquid. These devices are connected to the main line with the help of branch pipes. This can be done as separate area, and throughout the system as a whole. For many chemicals, it is necessary to first dilute the composition with water. After finishing preparatory phase the procedure for flushing the heating system in a private house is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. Draining the coolant from the network.
2. Filling the tank of the treatment plant with a prepared chemical composition.
3. Turn on the pump and fill the pipes and batteries with cleaning liquid.
4. It usually takes 2-3 hours of exposure to the composition for the destruction and dissolution of scale.
5. Reusable fluid circulation in the system. It is carried out until deposits are observed in the tank filter.

After flushing the aluminum heating radiator and pipes, the system is cleaned with water to remove chemicals. Then it is necessary to press the heating and check its tightness.

The cost of cleaning agents for aluminum heating batteries depends on the composition and manufacturer. For a small system, it is recommended to purchase a ready-made liquid, and for autonomous systems, a concentrate that must be diluted with water.

If there was antifreeze in the system - before chemical cleaning you need to pre-flush the pipes with water 2-3 times.

Pulsed pneumatic flushing of heating

With its help, you can rinse aluminum radiators without fear of destroying their surface. It's relative new method, which requires special equipment and experience in its operation.

The principle of cleaning radiators consists in a short-term impulse effect on the hydraulic medium - water. This creates a pressure of up to 12 atm, with a shock wave speed of about 1400 m/sec. This will be enough to flush the heating system, regardless of its configuration. This technique allows you to remove plaque in long lines without dismantling individual components.

However, before flushing the heating radiator, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the features of pulsed hydraulic cleaning:

• The maximum pipe diameter is 4 inches;
• Blockage is effectively removed even at a distance of 60 meters from the installation of a shock ram;
• Practically does not affect the integrity of the heating installation units - fittings, threaded and welded joints.

To flush a cast-iron heating radiator in an apartment building, it is necessary to first block the flow of coolant in this section of the main. You can do it without permission management company if there is a bypass in the battery harness. Then a hydraulic ram is installed in one of the nozzles and several cleaning cycles are performed.

Timely flushing of the heating radiator will increase its heat transfer by 20-25%. Those. actually restore this figure to the normalized factory.

Self-cleaning heating

Is it possible to flush the heating pipes with your own hands? To do this, you need to conduct a preliminary analysis of the degree of contamination of the highway. Most of the scale is formed in the zone of maximum thermal impact - in pipelines located closest to the boiler. This is where most often aluminum radiators heating needs cleaning.

If the system has not been cleaned for 15-20 years, it is recommended to dismantle the radiators, as well as the boiler heat exchanger. In this way, you can most effectively flush the heating system in a private house. To do this, you do not need to remove the pipes - it is enough to temporarily dismantle the batteries.

Then you should choose equipment for washing the heating system. Since this procedure is rarely performed (once every 5-6 years), it is best to rent a pumping station. During the cleaning process, contaminated water will need to be drained. Use an airtight container for temporary storage. This is true when flushing cast iron batteries heating, in which scale accumulates most during operation.

The tank is then filled with the already diluted cleaning liquid concentrate. The pump nozzles are connected to the battery, and several circulations of the cleaner are performed. They continue until there are no scale components in the filter. A similar scheme for flushing heating in a private house is carried out in the summer - during this period there is no coolant in the system.