How to properly insulate roof slopes. Do-it-yourself insulation of a pitched roof. Bulk roof insulation

Construction wooden house always associated with large quantity technological processes, the subtleties of the implementation of which are best provided during the preparation of the project. One of these processes is the laying of a heat-insulating layer. This article will discuss how to insulate the roof of a wooden house from the inside, if external thermal insulation of the slopes was not performed during construction.

The structure of the internal insulation

When it comes to warming the roof of a wooden house from the inside, they mean that all work will be carried out from the attic side. It uses materials from low level thermal conductivity. Of course, this approach is optimal only in cases where the roofing has already been laid and it is not possible to perform thermal insulation without dismantling the flooring.

There are several conditions for internal insulation:

To prevent heat loss through the pitched roof, the layer of thermal insulation material must be at least 15 cm. In this regard effective area the space under the roof is noticeably reduced, so this approach is not in great demand for arranging attic spaces.
Since the material for insulating the roof slopes from the inside is placed directly behind the layer of interior decoration, it is able to absorb much more moisture, even if a vapor barrier is installed. Consequently, soon the insulation gets wet, and then ceases to perform its functions and settles.
The cost of insulation work pitched roof from the inside is significantly higher than when performing external thermal insulation. The fact is, during the installation process, you need to hold the material above your head in order to fix it.
In order to protect the people living in the house, apply for internal thermal insulation premises can only be ecologically clean materials. Their cost is about 2 times more than that of materials for external insulation.

It is important to remember that, subject to insulation gable roof from the inside, any insulation should be laid only in parallel with the installation of membranes or films for hydro and vapor barrier. Otherwise, the material will quickly absorb moisture, begin to wrinkle and deform, and cease to perform thermal insulation functions. Besides, in attic rooms, where much more moisture accumulates, it is recommended to equip forced system ventilation.

The better to insulate - what materials can be used for a wooden house

For internal thermal insulation of the room, the most various materials, differing in quality, technical parameters and cost. As for wooden buildings, non-combustible, vapor-permeable and moisture-resistant materials that do not conduct heat well are considered optimal.

The most requested are:

Mineral wool. It is made from fiberglass, gabbro-basalt or slag. The material is sold in the form of rolls, slabs or mats. Among the characteristics are high efficiency, incombustibility, low price and ease of installation. Of all options, the better it is to insulate the roof of the house from the inside, this one, perhaps, can be considered optimal. However, goggles, gloves, a respirator and overalls must be worn during work to protect you from small particles material.
Expanded polystyrene, or polystyrene. The main advantages of the material can be considered low thermal conductivity, low weight and good protection from humidity. It is very convenient to work with such material, because it is well cut, it is easy to fix it. However, expanded polystyrene does not have vapor permeability. In this regard, dampness accumulates in the room and mold forms. To avoid consequences, forced ventilation is usually equipped.
polyurethane foam. You can buy such material already in the form finished panels, either in liquid state. This mixture before applying to inner surface stingray is foamed using carbon dioxide. Although this species insulation is quite popular among consumers, it is characterized by absolute vapor tightness. In this regard, it is strictly forbidden to apply such material to the inner surface of the roof of a wooden house. Furthermore, self-assembly polyurethane foam is practically not performed - due to the complexity and high cost of the equipment, this is done by specialists.

Please note that the material for roof insulation, which is used from the inside, must be absolutely safe for the life and health of residents. Among the proven insulating materials can be called ecowool. It consists of flax or cellulose fibers impregnated with special antiseptic and flame retardant substances. In addition, in terms of sound absorption and thermal insulation, the material is similar to mineral wool.

Roof insulation methods from the inside

So that efforts and time are not wasted, you need to know how to properly insulate the roof of the house from the inside. Note that this process is somewhat more complicated than external insulation roofs. However, if there is still no other choice, it is necessary to purchase insulation material, a vapor barrier membrane, consumables (self-tapping screws and wooden planks). You will also need to prepare a marker, sharp knife, stapler and screwdriver.

Two methods are commonly used for internal roof insulation:

Laying in the gaps between the rafters. If the thickness of the insulation layer is less than the cross section of the rafters, the material is placed in the space between them. First, the rolled insulation is cut into pieces that are 2-3 cm wider than the gap between the rafters. The material is placed in the formed niches. The disadvantage of this method is the possibility of cold penetration into the attic through small gaps in the frame.
Flooring over rafter legs. This method is used in cases where the section of the rafters is not enough for laying insulation. required thickness. In this case, 2 layers of insulation are installed. The first is mounted in niches between the rafters, and the second is laid on top of the truss frame. After that, a double layer of insulation is fixed by stuffing wooden slats perpendicular to the frame or metallic profile. In this case, the effectiveness of the thermal insulation of the roof is significantly increased.

Please note that in cases where the roof slope does not exceed 25º, the insulation laid between the rafter legs may fall out of the niche under the weight of its weight. In this case, it will need to be fixed with a profile or wooden slats, or several rows of fishing line should be pulled perpendicular to the frame.

In cold northern latitudes has always been an acute issue of maintaining heat in winter period. Even many centuries ago, an established technology for roof insulation already existed.

After all, what less heat is lost from housing during heating, the less resources are wasted to maintain it, the more comfortable it is to live in the house.

Years and centuries passed, now there is no need to build a fire inside or heat the stove - central heating greatly simplifies the task.

But roof insulation is still necessary - after all, when heat lingers in the house for as long as possible, less energy is spent on heating, and living in a warm insulated house is much more comfortable.

Not so long ago, the most popular heater was glass wool. Using glass wool is cheaper than using other types of insulation, but it has some significant disadvantages that make people abandon it and insulate the roof with other materials.

For example, cotton wool is not suitable for warming inclined surfaces - it simply rolls down, exposing the very top of the roof, through which heat will seep. In addition, when using cotton wool, you need to think about how to protect it from moisture. However, cotton wool is still used in some homes, mainly because of its low cost.

Most commonly used now Styrofoam and mineral wool (e.g. rockwool). The thing is that they are devoid of the disadvantages of glass wool, but they have a number of additional advantages. - enough durable material and is able to withstand significant loads, and mineral wool is a wonderful noise insulator. You can read more about roof insulation with mineral wool.

Choosing the perfect thermal insulation

When choosing a material, you should pay attention to the following characteristics:

It is of utmost importance insulation thickness. There is no way she can be counted on. For information on how to correctly calculate the thickness, read below.

Correct calculation of the thickness of the insulation

The formula for calculating the layer thickness in meters will look like this:

Layer thickness \u003d Thermal resistance of the layer * Thermal conductivity coefficient of the material (roof thermal insulation snip).

This data is provided by the manufacturer and may vary. Detailed information for each heater you will be helped to find specialists in a hardware store.

Many experts advise, after receiving the final result, to add to it another half of the calculated value. It is worth noting that when using backfill or crushable materials, they should be loosened from time to time so that the current layer thickness is not disturbed and remains stable.

roof insulation technology

Any properly laid roof consists of a certain sequential combination of materials that form the so-called roofing cake or a roofing plan.

Breaking the sequence or skipping one of the "layers of the pie" can lead to sad consequences., so let's take a closer look at the entire roof insulation pie, starting from the bottom and rising to the very top of the roof.

As a roof, you can choose any material you like: corrugated board , ondulin, soft tiles etc. And now consider the standard procedure for warming the attic under a gable roof:

Consider all the layers of roof insulation in more detail. The first layer is interior decoration, behind it is a crate. of great importance for insulation, these layers do not have, so you can skip them.
Behind them is a vapor barrier.. And here it is worth stopping in more detail. does not allow warm (or even hot) air masses to interact with thermal insulation, so that moisture does not remain on the thermal insulation itself - the result of condensation. A vapor barrier must be present in each roof - after all, the insulation should not become damp.
Above is the counter-lattice, on which the insulation itself is laid directly. We have already talked about it and will talk about it again, so let's pay attention to upper layer- waterproofing.
As the name implies, waterproofing protects the insulation from water coming from above - like rain, snow, or simply moisture condensed on the roof. must also be present in each roof.
Then comes empty space for ventilation and finally the roof itself. Do not forget about the insulation of the roof eaves, the easiest way to do this is with a sprayed one.

Laying rolled vapor barrier

Pitched roof insulation technology

Roofing cake in section

Extremely important observe all the installation standards for each of the layers and the procedure for insulating the roof, otherwise the insulation itself may be damaged, and then it will cease to perform its functions. If you still have questions about roof insulation, then you can find the answers in the article - "".

Flat roof insulation

In isolation flat roof should decide on the purpose of the surface - whether it will be used or not. If so, then on top of the thermal insulation it will be necessary to make an additional concrete screed(for example, if you walk on such a roof - adjust the antenna, for example). If the roof platform is not used, then the screed is not needed. You can read more about it at the link.

Note!

The main requirement for flat roof insulation is strength and durability of the material. After all, in winter flat roof a significant mass of snow will accumulate, which can deform weak fragile material.

Thermal insulation on a flat roof is of two types - single layer and double layer. As the name implies, two layers of insulation are used in two-layer insulation, respectively, one in single-layer insulation.

Thermal insulation of a pitched roof

In total, there are two types of insulation of a pitched roof - floor insulation(attic) and slope insulation(scheme of insulation of the attic roof).

At attic insulation the type and strength of the material is not so important - since there is no risk of slope, exposure and deformation of the material.

But with the attic you need to pay attention to material strength, on its ability to keep its shape and not roll.

When insulating floors, the attic should be ventilated, it is desirable to maintain a temperature in it close to the street temperature.

Roof insulation units - overhangs, parapets and roof cornice

When insulating the above elements, in addition to complying with standard requirements (waterproofing, etc.), it is important protection of the joints of the “layers” from moisture ingress during rain or snow. For these purposes, boards, lining, galvanized steel and other similar materials. They need to flash the roof from the end, leaving no horizontal gaps into which moisture can seep.

Warming overhangs roofs can be made with help mineral wool or finishing material- lining or corrugated board. By the same principle, the roof parapet is insulated.

Useful video

And now we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the technology of roof insulation using a practical example:

Conclusion

So, an important factor when choosing a heater is the type of roof, as well as the type of insulation if the roof is pitched. Choosing a heater it is necessary to correctly calculate its thickness and add a little just in case. It is important to follow the sequence and correct laying of layers, then your roof will serve you. long years, protecting your home from the cold and helping to keep warm.

In contact with

Construction own house- quite long and laborious, especially when doing all the work with your own hands. However, adherence to a certain sequence of specific procedures is required in without fail. One of the most crucial moments that affects everyone performance characteristics at home - the creation of thermal insulation of the roof. How exactly to perform it correctly and from what materials, find out in this article.

Pitched roof insulation helps to avoid many problems:

The destruction of building materials of the roof under the influence of constant changes in temperature and humidity.
Loss of heat inside the premises, and, accordingly, an increase in the cost of maintaining the heating system to maintain a stable microclimate.
Excess or lack of humidity in the house.

Important! Properly executed roof insulation is a guarantee long period the quality of the building.

Which material to choose?

Given the current range construction products this direction, quickly do right choice not always easy. Therefore, initially determine for yourself your personal requirements in accordance with the following criteria for choosing a heater for a pitched roof:

The weight of the material, which determines the level of load on the load-bearing parts of the structure.
Thermal conductivity - the lower it is, the better. The optimal indicator for this parameter is not higher than 0.04 W / m⁰С.
Resistance to different type influences - mechanical and climatic.
Possibility of combination with the materials used as the main building element.

Kinds of Suitable Materials

To choose suitable material, initially decide on more convenient way installation. There are the following product groups for thermal insulation:

In addition to the insulation itself, it is necessary to choose and vapor barrier material. Suitable Options for this purpose:

polyethylene film;
glassine;
ruberoid;
foil material;
vapor barrier membrane.

Important! When choosing a material, pay attention to those manufacturers whose products are in constant demand. This will protect you from buying Supplies of inadequate quality, due to which the installation process will introduce many difficulties, and during operation you will not feel the effective result of all the effort and time spent. For example, ursa insulation for a pitched roof, as well as other lines of materials of this brand, and does not cause complaints from consumers, and, accordingly, high class products are proven.

Which technology to choose?

In order to properly insulate a pitched roof with your own hands, note the fact that in this case it is only acceptable interior design. The features of the technology are to consistently and correctly lay several layers of suitable material:

Installation rules

Before you insulate a pitched roof with your own hands, read general rules that will need to be observed during the execution of all work:

Not allowed:

Working process:

Video

Watch the video, which clearly shows the technology of pitched roof insulation using mineral wool.

Conclusion

As you have already seen, the process of creating thermal insulation of the roof is not difficult, although it is somewhat laborious. Be sure to select only quality materials, follow the rules of technology and you will be able to achieve an excellent indicator of heat conservation in the house. In this case, you will not only provide yourself with a comfortable and stable microclimate, but will also be surprised at the additional result in the form of a reduction in heating system maintenance costs.

Arrangement of the roof is one of the most important stages in the construction of a building. Illiterate installation can lead to disastrous consequences. Especially important proper insulation pitched roof, which ensures the creation and maintenance optimal temperatures in the roof and attic space as well as throughout the building.

Video: testing popular pitched roof insulation

Choosing the right insulation material

Any specialized store is ready to offer at least several types of roof insulation. You should choose the material that the best way suitable for the building under construction. When choosing a heater, you should not be guided solely by the cost or availability of the coating, you should pay attention to:

Moisture resistance. The less moisture the material can absorb, the better. Ideally, it should be waterproof. This is due to the fact that the insulation that has absorbed moisture, especially if it is wool, loses up to 60% of its thermal insulation properties, collapses and requires immediate replacement.
Ease. Light weight will not become an additional load on the roof structure. You can determine the mass of a material by its density. The optimal value is considered to be within 50 kg / cu. m. for mineral wool insulation and 14 kg/cu.m. for fiberglass.
Fire safety. It is best that the coating does not ignite and does not release dangerous toxic substances into the air when exposed to high temperatures.
High thermal insulation properties. The thermal conductivity coefficient must not be lower than 0.05 W/sq.m.
Form stability. Such material will best adhere to the roof, will not form cracks or slide off the base, exposing it. upper part.
Environmental friendliness. The heater must not emit harmful substances who are persistent unpleasant odors.
High resistance to seasonal changes, temperature extremes, heat and frost.
Durability. The roof does not apply to areas that are customary to repair very often. It is worth choosing a heater for a pitched roof, the manufacturer of which guarantees at least 50 years of flawless operation.

Thermal insulation material, in addition to thermal insulation properties, must have moisture resistance, resistance to temperature extremes, safety and durability.

Everything is warm insulating materials can be divided into three groups:

Rigid or semi-rigid

They are slabs of glass or mineral wool of various thicknesses. Great for insulating roof slopes.

Bulk

Available in the form of polystyrene balls, as well as small granules of slate or cork. Retain heat well. On average, one bag weighing about 100 kg is enough to insulate 1 sq. m. surface.

Roll soft

They are produced in the form of rolls of mineral, stone or glass wool 8 m long. The width of the coating varies from 75 to 100 mm. As an option, you can find soft insulation in the form of plates on sale.

As practice shows, for a pitched roof as a heater, it is best suited basalt wool, which somewhat exceeds the glass one in terms of thermal insulation properties.

Features of laying wool insulation on a pitched roof

It is known that synthetic construction wools themselves do not absorb moisture. However, the air, which is very abundant between the fibers of the material, is saturated with it very quickly. Therefore, any cotton wool necessarily requires additional protection from excessive moisture in the form of well-equipped vapor and waterproofing. Installation of thermal insulation is carried out in several stages:

Waterproofing installation. Produced before the installation of the roof. With outer side an insulating film is spread over the rafters. Its type is selected taking into account the materials of the roofing cake and project documentation. The film is laid with an overlap of about 100 mm across the slope. It is forbidden to mount the waterproofing in an interference fit, since in cold weather it can shrink and break in the fastening areas. The panels are laid with a sag of no more than 2 cm per meter. The film is fastened with small galvanized nails with flat wide hats, or staples of a construction stapler. Between themselves, the panels are connected with adhesive tape.
Lathing installation. Installed over waterproofing film. The structure is assembled from bars, the thickness of which should be more than 25 mm. Experts emphasize that the size of the bars is selected depending on the size of the ventilation gap, which must be present in the under-roof space. The crate is fastened with corrosion-resistant self-tapping screws. It is best to make holes in the bars in advance so as not to spoil the waterproofing. To equip additional protection insulation from getting wet, waterproofing is not attached to the rafters, but to the crate. In this case, a counter-lattice is attached over the film, on which the roofing material is mounted. Thus, two ventilation gaps are formed at once: one between the film and the roof, and the other between the insulation and the film, which provides the maximum possible protection against the formation of condensate.
Roofing material. Produced on a crate. Moreover, most of the coatings can be attached directly to the crate, for the rest, such as soft roof, you will first need to lay sheets of moisture-resistant plywood or chipboard and only mount roofing material on top of them.
Fixing the heater. Produced with inside roofs between rafters. Before laying, it is recommended to unpack the cotton wool and leave it to "lie down" so that it accepts original form, approximately 20 minutes. After that, the material is cut in accordance with the distance between the rafters. It should be 20-30 mm less than the width of the insulation sheet, which will make it possible to fix the material "by surprise". To do this, a canvas of cotton wool is pushed into the space between the rafters. In order to straighten the edges of the sheet, you need to press on its middle. The heater springs and straightens. In the guides on how to insulate a pitched roof, you can find recommendations that it is best to choose the pitch of the rafter legs, given the width of the insulation. This will save you money, time and make installation easier.
Installation of vapor barrier. From the inside of the room on top of the insulation spreads vapor barrier film. It is necessary to protect the insulation from steam, which can penetrate into the wool from the living room. The insulation is fastened with staples of a construction stapler directly to the rafters.

The vapor barrier film does not allow moisture to pass from the inside of the room into the insulation

Lathing installation. The last stage is the installation of the crate, to which finishing materials will subsequently be fixed.

It should be noted that this method of roof insulation is suitable for residential attic or attic spaces. If you do not plan to live in them, only the floor is insulated attic space carefully insulating the ceiling.

How to avoid the most common installation mistakes

Illiterate work on roof insulation leads to serious mistakes, which subsequently affect the operation of the building:

Wrong choice of insulating films. You should carefully study the vapor permeability of both hydro and vapor barrier. If the second value is less than the first, then during the cold season, condensate will inevitably accumulate inside the roofing pie in conditions of insufficient air exchange.
Large sag of waterproofing film. If the recommended gap between the heat and waterproofing is not observed, the insulation will get wet. The gap must be equal to the height of the bars of the counter-lattice, but not less than 20 mm. Insulating materials with low vapor permeability can be mounted directly on the insulation.
Illiterate installation of insulation from the inside of the room. Thermal insulation materials it is not recommended to mount close to waterproofing film, since the ventilation gap is thus destroyed. However, in practice, when installing panels in the inter-rafter space, they can be laid too deep. At the same time, for rigid materials, the edges of the plates begin to crumble and break, which leads to the formation of cold bridges.

It is impossible to mount the insulation close to the waterproofing; ventilation gaps must be present.

Pitched roof insulation is a responsible undertaking. Of course, you can do it yourself, but before that, you should carefully familiarize yourself with the features of the process by reading the installation instructions in building guides or on specialized sites. You can also entrust the insulation to specialists who will professionally cope with complex work.

A self-built and equipped house is the real pride of any owner. An integral part of the arrangement of any residential building is internal insulation roofs. And if in most cases there are no problems with the thermal insulation of walls, then insulation roof structure can introduce an unprepared master into bewilderment. Therefore, before proceeding to the practical part, study all the theoretical recommendations proposed below.

After installing the insulation and all related elements the roofing system will look like a puff "pie". At the heart of the design is a system of rafters. All other elements are laid and fixed on it.

Modern roofing "pie"

AT classic version layers of the pie, starting from the finish roofing, are placed as follows:

roofing;
crate for mounting finishing material. May be continuous or sparse;
bars of the counter-lattice. Needed to create a ventilation gap under the roofing material;
waterproofing film;
heat-insulating material;
vapor barrier material;
crate for mounting insulating materials and inner lining;
interior lining material.

A properly equipped roofing pie will significantly reduce heat loss in cold weather and prevent overheating of the space under the roof in the heat. Waterproofing will protect the insulation from atmospheric moisture, and the vapor barrier material will prevent the formation of condensate and the appearance of all the problems that accompany it.

What to insulate?

On the modern market a huge range of materials is presented that can be successfully used for internal roof insulation. Try to avoid excessive savings - the materials must be of high quality.

Insulation parameters

When choosing a suitable insulation, you need to pay attention to a number of basic characteristics of the material, namely:

the weight. The heavier the insulation, the more significant the load it will exert on the roof. This imposes a row additional requirements to rafters and lathing - their configuration and strength must correspond to the characteristics of thermal insulation;
thermal conductivity. It is better that this parameter be as low as possible, if possible no more than 0.04 W / m * S;
resistance to adverse external influences.

Preferred heaters

Not so many materials meet the above requirements. Among all existing options Insulation professionals recommend giving preference to mineral wool heat insulators and foam panels. Ceteris paribus, mineral wool is more preferable.

Additional insulation materials

In combination with a heater, the roof will need to be additionally insulated using vapor and moisture insulating materials. For roof waterproofing, polyethylene and roofing felt are usually used. These materials perfectly resist moisture.

The vapor barrier layer is best equipped with the use of special membranes, glassine or modern foil materials.

Regardless of the chosen insulation (installation is still carried out in the same sequence), in the process of performing work, you must adhere to a number of basic recommendations, without which you can not count on high-quality internal roof insulation.

All rules can be combined into one brief summary of tips, namely:

Thus, even before the start of thermal insulation work, the master needs to study a rather large amount of information and memorize a number of important requirements. The work must be done with the highest quality. Properly equipped insulation will make living in the house as comfortable as possible and will significantly reduce the cost of space heating.

Use the recommendations received and remember: you need to insulate with the obligatory installation of vapor barrier and moisture barrier layers. Only such a complex will make it possible to obtain a reliable, durable and resistant to any adverse external influences. roofing system. It is better to do everything by the rules right away and live in peace in a safe house than to patch holes in roofing cake after every heavy rain.

Preparation for roof insulation

The order of insulation remains almost the same, regardless of the type of roof, the materials used and other points. Having dealt with the main points of thermal insulation work, you can successfully apply them in practice.

First of all, carefully prepare the roof for the upcoming internal insulation.

First step. Examine the truss system. If rotten and damaged elements are found, replace them with new parts.

Second step. Process it all wooden elements antiseptic.

Third step. Check the condition of pipelines and electrical wiring, if these communications are laid under the roof.

Roof Insulation Guide

Proceed to work on the internal insulation of the roof. The event is held in several stages. Go through each of them sequentially, not forgetting the recommendations received earlier.

It is assumed that rafters, crates and other necessary elements already installed and you just have to mount the insulation materials, and then lay the finish roofing.

First step - vapor barrier

Lay the film with a 10 cm overlap. For fastening the vapor barrier to the bars it is convenient to use construction stapler with staples. Tape all seams twice. Be especially careful and thorough when sealing various difficult areas, such as the joints of the film with pipes, walls and other structural elements.

The second step is warming

ECOTEPLIN - roof insulation

Lay the selected insulation in the cells of the crate. Usually, the crate is assembled with the expectation that the step between its bars is a couple of centimeters less than the width of the insulation, so you can place the heat-insulating plates as tightly as possible. Directly, the bars of the crate should be nailed to the rafters perpendicular to them.

With a strong desire, you can do without the crate - you stuff nails along the edges of the rafter legs and pull the wire between them. She will hold the insulation plates. However, it is better not to abandon the crate - it is more reliable with it.

The insulation itself is usually laid in 2 layers. In this case, the top layer must be laid with a certain offset relative to the bottom one - it is impossible for the joints of the insulation plates of both layers to coincide.

The third step is waterproofing

Place the waterproofing film so that it completely covers the insulation, crate and rafters. To fix the film, it is most convenient to use a construction stapler with staples.

Bring waterproofing under the roof overhang - this will create the conditions necessary for the effective removal of water in the future.

In the end, you just have to lay the selected roofing material on the roof.

Thus, independent internal insulation of the roof, although it is a very important and responsible event, there is nothing super complicated in its implementation. Do everything in accordance with the instructions, and very soon your house will become really cozy and warm, and heating costs in the cold season will be significantly reduced.

Successful work!

Video - Do-it-yourself roof insulation from the inside

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