New technologies in construction - we build a house faster and cheaper. Construction of private houses using new technologies Novelties in the construction of private houses

One of the criteria that individual developers are guided by when choosing a particular project is the speed of construction of the building. There are many explanations for this - the desire to move into your own home as soon as possible; surprises presented by the weather, which often complicates technological operations and delays the completion of the facility.

And the practical side of the issue is also an important factor. In most cases, you have to rent something (a concrete mixer, for example), the fee for which is mainly calculated by the day. New technologies for the construction of cottages and private houses, depending on the qualifications of the craftsmen and the thoughtfulness of the preparatory measures, make it possible to build model house Literally 2-3 months. That's about them and will be discussed in the proposed article.

The author draws attention to the fact that technologies and new building materials should not be confused. For example, foam concrete, OSV slabs, and so on. This is already different, although the application and installation of each of the samples has its own specifics.

The latest building technologies

TISE

It also has other names in everyday life - “folk”, “adjustable formwork”. Unlike many technologies, including the latest ones, this is a purely Russian invention. One of the advantages is the ability to literally do everything on your own, which is especially appreciated when building private houses.

Peculiarities

  • With this technology, columnar or pile foundations are erected. As an option - varieties with a grillage. The main working tool at this stage is a drill specially designed for TISE.
  • The walls are built from blocks, and hollow ones, which are formed right at the place of their installation. For this, formwork modules are used; they just need to be changed from time to time. Therefore, having fixed them on any segment where the wall should be erected, it remains only to load the solution and wait for it to seize. After that, the modules are dismantled and reinstalled on a new site.

Advantages

  • The absence of so-called "cold bridges". By the way, one of the main problems that most private developers have to solve to reduce heat loss.
  • Minimum number of employees. When erected using this technology, they will need 2 - 3 people (the owner himself and a couple of assistants at most). And then, only for individual operations. Basically, for reinstallation of panel modules, soil drilling.
  • You do not have to rent or attract any equipment, which gives tangible savings.
  • The possibility of combining various building materials in such walls. As a rule, concrete + brick.

Frame technology

So far, it is not practiced so often in our country, but this is rather due to the poor awareness of individual developers.

Peculiarities

After the foundation is erected, the frame is assembled. In fact, this is a structure that combines vertically, horizontally and diagonally oriented beam elements. Mostly metal or wooden blanks- who and with what is more convenient to work with. Metal samples are stronger, but fixing something on them, articulation with each other is possible only after drilling holes, or using a welding machine.

Based on this, during the construction of private houses, preference is given to wood during the installation of the "skeleton". Basically, this is a beam, since its correct geometry greatly facilitates the assembly of the structure.

Walls are nothing more than sheathing. During their construction, both different materials and technologies can be used. They are available in two versions. The first is walls with filling, when almost any heat-insulating materials are laid (filled up, poured) between the cladding elements (for example,). It can be foam concrete, mineral wool, expanded clay, polyurethane foam or something else. The second is prefabricated panels, in which both waterproofing and insulation are already laid.

Although last option for making your own hands is less appropriate. It is difficult to accurately assemble the shields in compliance with all the features of the technology. Yes, and manual installation of such massive modules in place is impossible - you need a crane.

Advantages

  • With this method of construction, you can equip the foundation of any type. This technology is recommended on all soils, including the "problem" category.
  • Possibility (if desired or necessary) of quick redevelopment at minimal cost. The same applies to increasing the size of a private house. Making an extension to it, expanding the dimensions of the premises is not a problem. It is enough just to install additional racks of the frame and make the sheathing of new walls.
  • The "finishing" decoration of a private house is made with any materials. There are no restrictions in this plan, which allows the owners to choose the most economical option.

3D panels

This technology is somewhat reminiscent, although there are differences. The panels though industrial production, but are not prefabricated shields, but monolithic slabs made of expanded polystyrene, which are reinforced on both sides with reinforcing meshes. Their mutual fixation is carried out by metal rods penetrating the polymer diagonally. On the one hand, the assembly is strong, on the other hand, it is characterized by low weight.

Peculiarities

  • As such, the "skeleton" of a private house is missing. Its role is played by the panels themselves, which are rigidly fastened together, forming the walls of the building.
  • After the installation of the entire structure, it is covered with a concrete "shirt". Accordingly, the shell is arranged on both sides of the 3D panels.

Advantage

Given that the walls are basically polymer, such private houses are characterized by minimal heat loss.

In the construction of buildings, SIP panels are also used - this is also from the field of the latest technologies. But in the construction of private houses, they are practically not used. main reason- large dimensions of products. Their main purpose is the construction of large-scale facilities (administrative, industrial and other buildings).

Therefore, it is hardly appropriate to pay attention to this technology if the topic of the article is private houses. As an option, order SIP panels according to your own drawings. But who will be interested in this if such construction comes out "for a pretty penny"?

Fixed formwork

This technology has increasingly become practiced in the construction of private houses, since it is basically better known.

Peculiarity

The formation is made from various samples (block, panel) that are installed along the perimeter of the foundation, with a distance (along the width of the tape) from each other. In the resulting cavity, after installing the reinforcement elements (rods), a concrete solution is poured.

Advantages

  • Almost the entire cycle of work can be done alone. If assistants are needed, then perhaps at certain stages of the construction of the foundation and floors.
  • Such a private house, with the right choice of wall formwork material, it does not need additional insulation.

The latest finishing technologies

They should also be listed, as they are directly related to the construction industry. For more information on each technology, follow the link.

  • "Wet" facade.

New materials

  • Penetrating waterproofing.
  • Reinforcement - strained and.
  • Decorative plaster.

This article provides general information and is, in fact, an overview of all the latest technologies. For example, it is quite interesting to build using the EcoCube method, which uses panels assembled on the basis of high-density straw bales covered with a metal frame. The thermodom technology is gaining popularity.

The author considered it appropriate to consider the features of only those construction technologies that are better known in our country and are in demand among private developers. In addition, it is quite difficult to classify all the technologies in practice. This is due to the fact that many of them are mixed, since their individual elements are to some extent similar or completely repeated - according to the method of installation of structural parts, the materials used at a particular stage of work.

But the information presented is enough to decide from what it is still better to build a house. And all the other nuances can be clarified either independently, or consult a specialist.

Projects of houses from aerated concrete blocks, from glued beams, from sip panels

Number of projects 1651

Building a house is a complex and expensive process. Purchase of materials, payment installation work and other expenses. But modern technologies construction of private houses create opportunities for less costly construction of a warm, reliable and beautiful building, without losing the quality of the work done.

There are many construction methods, so among them it is necessary to find a suitable method in all respects. After all, both old and new technologies in the construction of private houses have their positive and negative sides.

Application of new technologies in the construction of private houses

To innovative materials, which were created recently, but already firmly occupying their niche, include the following:

But even when using standard technologies for the construction of private houses, new methods of finishing, insulation, pouring, and so on can be applied.

TISE technology

TISE - Individual Construction Technology and Ecology, also known as "people's" or "transitional formwork", was developed in Russia. The main advantages that influence the choice of TISE are simplicity and economy in building a house.

Features and principle of technology

The basis of a house built using TISE is a poured pile or pile-grillage foundation, a feature of which is the expanding sole of concrete piles. The expansion of the sole is done with a special drill, which is sold together with a set of equipment for work.

The walls are built from hollow lightweight blocks, which are formed right on the spot in special forms into which concrete is poured. When the mixture hardens, the module is removed and rearranged to the place of pouring the next block.

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages of private house construction technology:

    low cost construction - the house is being built practically from improvised materials without the involvement of heavy equipment;

    construction can take place in any conditions, even if it is not possible to connect to the mains;

    minimum time erection;

    low labor costs;

    allows you to sum up communications in a simple way.

Technology cons:

    not suitable for use in muddy or waterlogged areas, since the piles will simply break or drown due to increased loads;

    complex installation in rocky soils, which are very difficult to drill;

    grillage and piles must be reliably protected from moisture- blind areas (waterproof coatings that are located around the perimeter of the building) must be large.

frame houses

It is often used in construction, as the method is very simple to implement. In addition, the frame allows you to create many options for arranging the building.

What is the feature of building

According to this technology for the construction of private houses, the frame is installed on a pile or concrete foundation- depending on the type of soil and the weight of the house. The frame itself is made of different materials - most often it is wood, but light steel thin-walled structures (LSTK technology) are also used. The choice of material is made depending on the conditions in which the house will be built and financial capabilities. A metal frame is more expensive than a wooden one, although if the wood is properly processed, then there will most likely not be a tangible difference in quality and strength. The main thing is to use quality timber who can serve for a long time while maintaining its properties.

Using frame house exists several options for filling the walls:

On our website you can find contacts construction companies, which offer the service of designing country houses. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Advantages and disadvantages

Technology advantages:

    low price;

    high speed construction (a team of six people can build a house in just a month);

    communication systems easy to lay inside walls;

    simplicity installation;

    construction is possible in any season;

    no use required lifting equipment;

    settles down lightweight foundation, which reduces its cost;

    slabs from which the house is made not "sit down", that is, after a while they will not decrease and will not increase in size.

Technology cons:

    fragility- major repairs are required every 20-30 years.

    high fire hazard – general disadvantage wooden houses, although statistics say that fires do not occur in them more often than in stone ones. In any case, all materials used are treated with flame retardants, and non-combustible heaters are recommended for insulation.

    With time wood may start to rot, especially in those places where a large amount of moisture is concentrated. To eliminate this drawback, the materials are treated with antiseptics;

    Low noise isolation when compared with houses made of concrete or brick. During construction, emphasis is placed on noise-absorbing materials that can correct the deficiency;

    Environmental properties buildings will depend on the materials used. If the savings go beyond reasonable and low-quality synthetic materials, then the walls can become a source of harmful fumes;

Because frame technology has been developing for more than a dozen years, then all its shortcomings have been carefully studied and eliminated even at the stage of designing a house.

3d panels

New technologies in construction have not bypassed the possibility of 3D printing. 3D panels are an improved assembly of frame-panel houses. The panels are monolithic slabs with reinforced mesh from each side. They are connected using metal rods passing through.

Peculiarities

The main feature of 3D panels is their production method. A 3D printer is loaded with construction waste mixed with cement. Upon completion of the printing process, the output is finished wall. Such a process is not only fast in production, but also cheap. Therefore, the technology is used to create budget buildings.

The printed walls are hollow. The filling of the space is carried out using foam concrete, so the walls are equipped with a reinforced mesh on all sides.

Pros and cons

The advantages of using this technology for the construction of private houses:

    low price when buying standard panels;

    small the weight constructions;

    possibility of construction in any season;

    minimal harm for landscape;

    low rates heat loss.

Technology cons:

    price increases if you order panels according to individual drawings;

    in thermal insulation can start pests;

    the need for an advanced ventilation;

    soundproofing;

    with strong impacts(e.g. earthquake) the house can collapse, which will not happen with a frame house built using Canadian technology.

Fixed formwork

A fairly well-known and often used technology for the construction of private houses.

Peculiarities

The main feature of this housing construction technology is a simple construction procedure.

A fixed formwork is formed from blocks or panels, which must be placed throughout the base at a certain distance to form a pier. Reinforcement is placed between these piers, and then concrete is poured.

Pros and cons

Technology advantages:

    building a house costs a lot cheaper;

    the most difficult to build is only foundation pouring;

    when choosing the right filler for the wall formwork no additional insulation required.

Video description

Visually about the technology of fixed formwork, see the video:

Houses from sip panels

Houses built from sip panels require selection quality materials. Under such panels is meant a shield material consisting of two chipboard boards. Thermal insulation and waterproofing are laid between them. The main advantage of this type of panels is the installation on site.

In addition, there are other advantages:

    operational building;

    the panels are not heavy, which will make it possible to make a lightweight foundation.

But, despite the fact that the panels are very light, they are quite durable. The finished house will be not only warm, but also strong. After exposure to a hurricane or snowfall, sip panels will not be damaged.

Velox

Velox is a new technology for building houses, which is used in the construction of residential buildings. Construction consists in the use of fixed formwork, which is made of chip-cement type slabs. The thickness can be different, the plates are connected cement mortar, in which liquid glass is added. Such a solution has water-repellent properties, which is a definite plus for construction. The outer slab has additional insulation and sealing made of expanded polystyrene.

Technology advantages:

    light weight and thickness;

    no additional insulation;

    efficiency of construction;

    durability and structural strength.

Video description

Visually about the Velox technology, see the following video:

Conclusion

Thanks to great choice technologies that are used in the construction of houses, you can always choose the right one. The main thing is to use quality materials.

But we should not forget that new technologies in the construction of private houses involve the maximum reasonable economy, primarily on the foundation, due to the lower weight of the buildings. This allows you to use more economical lightweight foundations, but at the same time, the calculation of loads should be as accurate as possible, which means that specialists should be involved in this work.

Long gone are the days when the construction of houses was carried out according to a single technology - now everyone can choose the method that will allow them to build a low-rise building in accordance with individual preferences and in the shortest possible time. The same applies to the materials used to build a house - the modern supply market will satisfy any demand.

When the stage of erecting the foundation is left behind, the most exciting period of construction work begins. It's about building the walls of your future home. Indeed, literally brick by brick, the building will move from the category of fantasies and plans into reality.

Modern materials for the construction of houses allow you to build a solid building in a short time, but first you need to understand the theoretical side of this issue. For example, find out what technologies for building the walls of houses exist. It is also necessary to decide on the materials that will be used in the work. Today it is important to take care not only about the beauty and convenience of the future building, but also its environmental friendliness. It's no secret that many materials for the construction and decoration of walls can be hazardous to health, so it's better to study everything in advance. possible types environmentally friendly materials.

This material presents a comparison of private house construction technologies and characterizes new, environmentally friendly materials.

Technology for the construction of individual houses "Izodom"

AT modern construction more and more often, not ordinary and wood are used, but new generation materials that meet the increased requirements for the quality and durability of the future home.

Walls built using Izodom technology are superior to many other building materials in terms of sound insulation, thermal conductivity, speed of construction work and, of course, strength.

In accordance with the technology of building houses "Izodom" bearing walls erected from monolithic reinforced concrete and special formwork made of building polystyrene foam. This technology belongs to the methods of construction of a new generation, but it is worth noting that the materials used in it have passed a long-term and thorough test for strength.

The fixed formwork used in the technology of building individual houses "Izodom" is made of solid expanded polystyrene. By design, it is a hollow blocks that are filled with concrete. They are interconnected according to the Lego principle with the help of special locks and prevent concrete from flowing out.

Unfilled blocks are practically weightless, and even a child can lift them. Building on this technology is easy and fast. In just one technological operation, a monolithic concrete wall is erected, which is protected from the inside and outer side heat and sound insulating shell made of expanded polystyrene.

Bearing walls must have heat and sound insulation, and a margin of safety. To give them these parameters, it is necessary to exclude the use of porous building material, which can lead to loss heat-shielding properties, as well as increase the thickness of the wall, which in turn will lead to a large consumption of material. Styrofoam only 5 cm thick can replace concrete wall 2.5 m thick and at the same time will meet all the specified requirements.

Technology for building houses "Tise" (with video)

It is in human nature to strive for the best. In the field of construction, this is reflected in the constant search for the most economical technologies. Today, a new technology for building houses TISE, or TISE, has gained great popularity. This popularity is connected, first of all, with its extraordinary cheapness. In addition, when using TISE methods in construction, no special tools and technology, you can build a building gradually and in your free time.

For the construction of the foundation and walls according to the technology for the construction of private houses TISE, special blocks and adjustable formwork are required. The technology is extremely simple. Special forms are laid on the prepared foundation, the lower part of which has protrusions, which in turn capture the lower row of blocks. It does not require the use masonry mortar, just moisten the bottom row of blocks with water. This reduces the cost of purchasing additional materials. In addition, laying is done very quickly. On a summer day, before laying the next row, you need to wait 4 hours, and at other times of the year - a day. The walls are reinforced with road or welded non-metallic mesh.

Thus, when using the TISE walling technology, neither a large construction site, nor electricity, nor specialized equipment and machinery are required. It is enough to have two hands, a head on your shoulders and purchase special blocks and formwork.

This video demonstrates the technology for building TISE houses:

What other technologies are used to build houses?

Per last years do-it-yourself house building technologies have evolved. New techniques are gaining popularity that allow you to build a house quickly, efficiently and inexpensively.

Modules.

A module is a finished element that consists of walls and ceilings. Such a module is made at a construction plant, that is, this element gets to the construction site already fully assembled, with engineering communications carried out, with inserted window and doorways. The module is installed on a finished foundation or on other modules and attached using special fasteners.

Monolithic frame.

Until recently, a rigid monolithic frame was used only in construction. multi-storey buildings, but modern technologies allow the use of this system in low-rise construction. The advantages of monolithic-frame construction technology are reliability, speed of construction and long service life of the structure - up to two hundred years.

Heat efficient blocks.

Large heat-efficient blocks began to be used in construction relatively recently, but it is already possible to identify a number of advantages of their use, the main of which is the speed of building walls. Heat-efficient blocks are materials of a new generation and consist of two layers of concrete, which are framed by 10 cm of expanded polystyrene. The blocks are interconnected with the help of fiberglass reinforcing rods.

Sandwich panels.

Sandwich panels consist of several layers of different materials. These panels are large enough to allow construction works quickly and efficiently. This is one of the best technologies construction of private houses. If we compare the brick and the latest building construction, which include sandwich panels, the use of the latter allows to reduce the time for erecting walls by 10 times. The panels are fastened with special butt locks to a pre-prepared frame. Wooden, metal and reinforced concrete structures are used as a frame. Joints are sealed with polyurethane foam or aluminum foil. Structures can be dismantled easily and quickly at any time. In addition, with the help of sandwich panels, it is possible to veneer already finished house to enhance its thermal insulation properties.

What are the best materials used to build houses?

In the construction of houses, you can use the most different materials Fortunately, there is no shortage of them in the modern market. But will life in such a house be comfortable and healthy? It is no secret that some materials are made using toxic components. Therefore, the construction of a "healthy" home begins with the search for modern environmentally friendly materials.

Ground block.

It consists of cement, peat, ash, sawdust and needles. Due to the fact that it contains cement, it is resistant to moisture. Alternatively, you can use unstabilized soil blocks, which are made from the soil itself. This is one of the most the best materials for the construction of houses, as it has high strength, low thermal conductivity, fire resistance and low cost.

Geokar.

The basis for its composition is peat processed into a paste, as well as straw, shavings, sawdust. All components are carefully dried and formed into blocks. There will be no mold and rodents in the geocar house. In addition, it has durability, high heat capacity and sound insulation.

Kerpen.

Speaking about what material is better for building a house, you should definitely talk about kerpen. It belongs to the materials of a new generation and is made from natural raw materials. The environmental properties of kerpen are comparable to ordinary glass. The material has frost resistance, durability, moisture resistance and is resistant to drops. atmospheric pressure. If you want to have a truly ecological clean house, use natural materials. No, you are not invited to build a hut from reeds or straw, although they are part of many materials. Stop your choice on shell rock, chalk, limestone, wood or adobe. In addition, rubble or cobblestone are successfully used in construction.

Pink artik tuff.

This ultra-modern material for building houses has not yet become widespread. Meanwhile, it is durable and frost-resistant. Tuff is used only for the construction of low-rise buildings.

Clay fired brick.

When choosing a material for building a house, one should not forget about clay kiln bricks. This is a modern counterpart of ordinary brick, but in terms of its properties it is more suitable for a person. It has good heat capacity, thermal conductivity, strength, water resistance and fire resistance.

Zidarite.

Zidarite is used in frame- monolithic construction as formwork. The composition of this one of the best materials for building a private house includes wood (89%), cement (10%), water and liquid glass (1%).

Fiberboard.

Like zidarite, fibrolite is used in monolithic construction as a formwork for creating ceilings, partitions and interior decoration. This modern material for the construction of private houses. Consists of a filler, a sealer and a binder component. The main advantages of fiberboard are fire resistance, sound insulation and, of course, environmental friendliness of the material.

Home building tools

New, modern technologies for building houses allow you to build walls with your own hands using a minimum of tools. Judge for yourself: it is enough for the master to have at hand:

  • a drill with a nozzle or a concrete mixer - for the preparation of adhesive and masonry mortar;
  • bucket for applying the solution;
  • various improvised tools: rubber hammer, level, plumb line, hacksaw, spatula, brushes for sweeping debris, shovels and buckets;
  • optical level or theodolite;
  • power tool: circular saw, electric planer.

As you can see, in our age of high technology, nothing supernatural is required for construction. The main thing is to use the tools and materials for building a house wisely.

For the construction of any of the types of houses, an unambiguous technology has not yet been adopted. There is only a set of engineering solutions that allows you to organize any kind of production, but the technological solutions at each of the plants may be different. The characteristics of production directly depend on the chosen technology, production capacity, the degree of readiness of the kit for building a house, released at the factory. Let's compare the characteristics of the main indicators in the organization of production using the example of an average plant that produces annually 150 thousand square meters.

Construction can be done without a production base frame houses. For this, materials and all components of the house are bought, and divided into the required dimensions already at the construction site. All work is carried out already at the construction site. Building materials arrive almost in ready-made. To ensure high-quality construction, there is one requirement: sizing the board according to the section.

To do this, a special place is equipped on the construction site, where boards are cut to the desired size. All components of the house are assembled from blanks. This construction method requires minimum investment, but has a long construction period.

It is very important that the details of the house are factory-made. When organizing the site, it is necessary to make a heated room where a site will be allocated for the preparation of parts. A set of parts is brought to the site, from which the frame is then made. Dedicated place to create details right size helps you achieve the best performance. This is due to automation and low non-manufacturing costs. The high rate of construction of the building, as well as the quality already finished house, will increase even more due to the almost complete readiness of parts. Soon we will study another option for building buildings using the same technology - this is when there is a production site.

Let's see what new modular technologies are in the construction of private houses.

Specifications of a finished house from a frame are directly dependent on the qualifications of the specialists building these houses. Poor quality compliance with the requirements associated with the construction of residential buildings significantly reduces the life of the building, for example, a house can rot if moisture gets inside during its construction. Now in our country such workers are not trained, so they must be trained in countries with developed real estate construction, where there is a specialty of the so-called "frame worker" - a professional in installing a house from a frame.

The undoubted advantage of technology frame construction favors the relative ease in the transportation of component parts. During the construction of houses panel technology produced practically complete assembly all parts of the building - prepared for the final installation of floors, wall panels, roofs. In this case, any methods of configuration are possible. Due to the conveyor organization of this process, the panels have a high assembly speed. So, the whole house is assembled in a few days, while weather conditions practically do not affect the speed of construction. The speed of construction becomes even higher if the walls are completely ready at the factory - windows are installed on them, there is all the decoration.

For the construction of a complex of houses using panel technology, special production area, but smaller than for the construction of modular houses. This is directly related to the implementation of part of the installation work on the construction site itself. The disadvantage of this method of erecting houses is the fact that the construction site must allow trucks with panels to drive close enough for cranes to carry out the installation. If the panels already have a finished finish, then some difficulty arises when creating a closed vapor barrier circuit. Construction technology panel houses needs good training of the personnel performing on-site installation of the house.

The construction of houses using this technology is highly dependent on the availability of the necessary production workshops, in which the bulk of the work at the plant takes place. Already on the site, the house gets in the form of three-dimensional modules. Here it is only necessary to carry out their installation, facing the house, installation of stairs. The most important thing in this method is the ability to control the quality at all stages of work and at the same time comply with the production technology.


If a manufacturing process, with the use of modular technology is well arranged, then the construction of one house takes place in one or two days.

For export from production shop To transport the modules to the installation site, you need to have at your disposal about thirty cargo trailers specially designed for this. When transporting over short distances, domestic tractors of the Kirovets brand can be used as a tractor. When creating a plant for the construction of modular technology houses, an important condition is the mandatory certification of special trailers for transporting modules. This takes about four months and must be completed simultaneously with the construction of the factory.

Prior to installation, a site must be selected with a size sufficient to accommodate the foundation, a trailer with a module and a crane, as well as with an acceptable number of free space required to move the house module from the trailer to the foundation itself. Installation of a house usually takes a couple of days if a team of five specialists and one crane works.

According to American standards, the foundation on which the house is placed must be at least 49 meters long. From outer wall to the adjacent area on the sides and behind at least six meters. From the front line - no less than fifteen. If the project plans to place on ground floor oversized household appliances, it is advisable to load them before installing the building on the foundation.

Final finishing at home consists in carrying out work that is not performed at the plant, until the final readiness of the building and its delivery on a turnkey basis. These are works such as installation of floors, stairs between floors, finishing of butt joints, puttying, painting, completion of all work outside the building. These are all those works that have not been carried out before, in order to avoid damage. The connection is also made and then the test is carried out. household systems. The entire cost estimate for these works can only be calculated on the basis of the project of a particular house, already directly at the very stage of project development.


Within a couple of days, house structures are made at the factory. Then they are transported directly to the construction site in polyethylene packaging and by special transport, where they are further installed. Moreover, the plant can be located no further than five hundred kilometers from the site where construction is taking place. The production of a monolithic reinforced concrete foundation slab, which takes 5-7 days, is considered the beginning of construction and installation work. Then the walls are installed roof panels, overlays. Therefore, this production technology is especially effective in areas natural Disasters, as well as in places with a rotational work method. The next stage of work on finishing the facade, installing the roof. The installation of heating, water supply, sewerage, ventilation, electricity and other engineering systems takes place in seven days.


A set of houses is produced at the factory in a couple of days. Materials do not need special transport for transportation. It's just that all kits must be packed in moisture-proof material to prevent rotting. All elements and parts of the frame of the house, produced at the factory, are moved to the construction site, where they are assembled into a single frame. Then the skeleton of the house is insulated, sheathed and finished.

Houses of this type are characterized by a low degree of completion at the factory, so the bulk of the assembly and finishing work takes place on the construction site. Assembling the kit takes from 3 weeks to 2 months, so the construction period is greatly increased. Installation of the frame of a medium-sized house with a height of two floors and an area of ​​200 square meters takes three to four days. After that, the roof is closed with a special waterproofing material. Sheathing and wall insulation will take one to two months. The overall construction cycle, from initial production at the factory to final delivery directly to the customer, takes about four months.

Difficult choice

To choose any construction technology, you need to know the main aspects of all technologies. The type of building and the entire system must meet certain requirements.

These are the speed of construction, low material consumption, the use of inexpensive raw materials, the typification of housing construction, and the focus on the economic class.

All technologies listed above correspond to the described characteristics. The production of frame, modular and panel houses does not require a large number high-quality raw materials, but they are quickly produced and assembled. In addition, their price is much lower than that of houses built from solid wood or other building materials.

The cost of organizing production using modular technology is higher than using panel and frame technology. The reason is the need to use expensive equipment and large-scale land plots, workshops of considerable size. Meanwhile, the price of a house built using modular technology is less than the rest.

The speed of construction of such houses is much higher than frame and panel ones. The disadvantage of the technology is the low transportability of products - special trailers are needed, the plant should be close to the main point of sale.

With low production costs, the maximum cost of houses built in a frame way. The production time of a house kit is rather short, but the total period, from the beginning to the completion of construction, up to the completion of houses with such important structures as reliable, burglar-resistant, high-quality entrance steel doors granite m3, reaches four months, while using modular technology - only 10-11 days, using panel technology - about 25. Such houses are easily transported, since, unlike panel houses, these are unfinished walls, but only component parts. The main disadvantage of this technology can be called the need for highly qualified developers.

A poorly built house will not last long. At the same time, a highly skilled labor force is very expensive, since such personnel are not trained in Russia.


In terms of the costs of organizing production, construction time, and the cost of a house, panel technology is in the middle, between frame and modular. In the construction of prefabricated houses, the plant must be close to the construction site, since the panels are transported already in finished condition. It has great importance with ever-increasing transport costs. Only the largest market in the region is targeted by the placement of such a plant. His production capacity are calculated based on the market capacity of the area beyond which to carry panel houses unprofitable. Also, the disadvantage of this technology is considered to be a large dependence on the quality of the workforce.

Small differences between all technologies are that modular at the factory requires highly skilled workers, while panel and frame require at the construction site.

The choice of technology should be made based on the existing goals. If necessary, the creation of factories and the subsequent development of large areas on their own, the most suitable would be modular technology, because such an architectural and construction system causes the shortest construction time and low cost. With such a strategy, the option of using panel technology is also suitable, despite the higher cost and long periods of work, but with less investment.

If you want to build and sell the maximum number of houses without developing land plots, frame housing construction will be the most suitable because of the good transportability and profitable payback of a set of houses at the factory.

When choosing a project for building a house, each owner assumes that two conditions must be met: the speed of assembly and the comfort of housing. That is why manufacturers offer high-quality and practical modern materials. And the latest technologies are also used. For example, technology smart House, which meets all the requirements and demands of the modern user.

NEW MATERIALS AND THEIR FEATURES


Modern materials have an invaluable quality - they are able to realize any shape and format of buildings without requiring large investments from the developer

It is worth immediately paying attention to the fact that the latest technologies in construction and high-tech materials are different concepts, although they lie in the same plane. In particular, such piece products as:

    foam concrete blocks;

    gas blocks;

    rounded log;

  • Sandwich panels;

    SIP panels;

These are production innovations that have recently appeared on the building materials market, but they do not cause new technological methods, but have features in terms of installation. For example

- Block products (foam, aerated concrete) have a larger format than piece bricks, have increased energy consumption, low weight, variable density. Due to these indicators, the construction period is reduced, workability is increased and all high indicators of strength, comfort and practicality of a private house are maintained. Another plus is that the price of materials is lower than for bricks, and due to the low weight of the building, the arrangement of a lightweight foundation is shown.


round log - natural material, which has all the characteristics natural wood with high heat capacity

– Rounded log is a natural material that has all the characteristics of natural wood, has high heat capacity, but the price of the material is lower than for glued laminated timber, although the practical qualities remain high level. The developer receives a convenient piece material of a stable shape, saving on purchases, and thereby reduces the overall cost of the project.

- Panels. The product is also a piece release, ideal for a private developer. The convenience of the material is in its complete readiness for installation, that is, the panels are already equipped with a heat-insulating layer, a windproof membrane and moisture protection. It is only necessary to mount the box of walls, floors and roof - the house is ready. In some cases, panel sections have an external and internal finish. The price of materials is significantly lower than any other piece product, the light weight of the elements requires a lightweight foundation, the assembly is carried out without " wet processes”, For installation, lifting equipment is not always required, which allows you to build a house with your own hands.

At the same time, all these materials have an invaluable quality - they are able to realize any shape and format of buildings without requiring large investments from the developer.

NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR FEATURES

VELOX (VELOX)


The difference from other methods is that the formwork is not made from polystyrene block elements, but from chip-cement or cement-bonded chipboards.

A relatively new technology used for the construction of private houses, the principle of which is also the use of fixed formwork. The difference from other methods is that the formwork is not made from expanded polystyrene block elements, but from chip-cement or cement-bonded chipboards. The outer plate has an additional seal and insulation made of expanded polystyrene. Fixed formwork happens in different options thickness and connected with a cement mortar with an additive liquid glass, which gives moisture-repellent properties to the structure.

The advantages are the following factors:

1. Light weight and thickness of wall panels;

2. Lack of additional insulation;

3. Efficiency of construction works;

4. The strength of the building.

When applying new technologies in the construction of private houses, one should not forget about other nuances: as a rule, all modern technologies are not designed for multi-storey buildings, therefore, an accurate and high-quality calculation of the load and filling of buildings is required. And, of course, not the last point - materials. Manufacturers offer a huge range of products that are distinguished by excellent quality indicators at a reduced cost.

The use of materials of a new order does not cancel the use of building houses using new technologies. The combination of two indicators provides not only the efficiency of the construction of buildings, but also a significant reduction in the cost of housing construction.

TISE

Ultimately popular technology, which also has the definition of "adjustable formwork". The process was developed by domestic scientists and, when used, does not require not only the use of special equipment, but also allows you to manage literally with just one pair of hands.

TISE PRINCIPLE


The method is characterized by the installation of pile elements or the arrangement of a columnar foundation, supplemented by a grillage

The method is characterized by the installation of pile elements or the arrangement of a columnar foundation, supplemented by a grillage. A mandatory tool is a drill developed for TISE technology. Wall panels for this lightweight foundation are assembled from a block piece product, formed directly on the construction site: the mobile formwork acts as a form and moves along the wall panels as soon as the made module hardens.

Advantages of technology:

1. Complete absence of cold bridges;

2. A team of professionals is not needed, it is quite possible to do it yourself and a couple of assistants to move the formwork and excavation;

3. Variability in the composition of blocks, which reduces construction costs.

Advice! Most often, TISE technology uses two building material: concrete and brick. concrete blocks have a high heat capacity, brick for cladding will give the structure strength, shape stability and additional rigidity.

FRAME CONSTRUCTION

This is one of the simplest and convenient ways construction of a private house. A variety of options for arranging the frame, a light foundation, the ability to build houses up to 2 floors, great amount projects and practicality at home are the main advantages of technology.

PECULIARITIES


The construction of the frame begins immediately after the installation of the foundation

The construction of the frame begins immediately after the installation of the foundation. The entire structure consists of block elements arranged horizontally, vertically or diagonally, articulated among themselves in various ways. Used lumber, metal - it all depends on the financing and preferences of the developer.

It is only important to remember that metal carcass, although it is more durable, it requires drilling tools for metal, welding - these nuances can complicate the process of building a frame. Good quality lumber is not inferior to metal in terms of durability, while simplifying the assembly process. Most often, a good quality beam is used, which preserves both the shown rigidity of the frame and its geometric stability.

Modern construction of frame houses allows several options for filling the walls:

1. OSB boards act as wall panels and are filled with any heat-insulating material at hand, for example, mineral wool, foam concrete, expanded clay backfill, polyurethane foam.

2. Prefabricated panel SIP panels, already understaffed with insulation, wind, waterproof film.


Prefabricated shield SIP-panels, already understaffed with insulation, wind, waterproof film

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Advice! Practicing modern materials and technologies for construction, it is necessary to consider the application of all elements. In particular, if you build a house with SIP panels, then in order to manage on your own, you will either have to choose lightweight elements or hire lifts, since wall panel elements are often heavy. But it all depends on the preferences of the owner of the house.

Technology Benefits

1. The ease of construction does not require the construction of heavy and powerful foundations, which means that the construction of a house is available on any soil without additional excavation;

2. Minimum construction costs and the possibility of quick redevelopment, completion of the building;

3. Variability of external, inner lining– panels and sheets are easily accepted Decoration Materials, so you can change the look of the house at least every season.

3D PANELS


Panels are produced in industrial environment, are a monolith of a slab of expanded polystyrene, additionally reinforced with reinforcing mesh structures on both sides

These are, perhaps, the latest technologies in construction, which are still little known and available to developers. Despite the cheapness, availability is limited by ignorance and nothing more, because building with the help of 3D panels is nothing more than a modified version of the frame construction of houses.

The panels are produced in industrial conditions, they are not a kind of prefabricated panel element, but a monolith of a slab of expanded polystyrene, additionally reinforced with reinforcing mesh structures on both sides. Such systems are interconnected by metal reinforcement rods passing through the entire structure, which not only preserves the stability of the shape of the panels, but also explains the high strength and resistance to any natural influences. At the same time, the extremely light weight of the structure is maintained, and assembly does not cause any difficulties.

ADVANTAGES OF TECHNOLOGY


After the installation of these panels, the entire structure is poured with a concrete "shirt", which only increases all the advantages of such a house.

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In the standard sense, the structure of 3D panels does not have any "rigid frame", instead the developer receives panel element, connected by a rigid clip and thereby forming load-bearing Wall panels. After the installation of these panels, the entire structure is poured with a concrete "shirt", which only increases all the advantages of such a house:

1. The polymers used to create the panels have high energy efficiency, which means that heat loss in such a house will be minimal;

2. Ease of assembly ensures the efficiency of building;

3. Production in industrial conditions guarantees the quality of both a single element and the entire building as a whole;

4 There is no need to create a heavy foundation, 3D panels even in concrete pouring do not have heavy weight.

Important! The material is much simpler than any block products in the sense that when hanging heavy cabinets no need to reinforce the wall with boards. At the same time, the price of 3D panels may well compete with foam and gas-block products.

FIXED FORMWORK

Availability and ease of execution have made this technology one of the most popular and often used in individual housing construction.

TECHNOLOGY PRINCIPLE AND ITS ADVANTAGES


The formwork is formed from block or panel structures, which form a pier, where the reinforcement is mounted and the concrete solution is poured.

As in the case of TISE, the use of fixed-type formwork allows you to build a house alone. Other pluses are the following factors:

1. The formwork is formed from block or panel structures, which, during the construction of the house, are located along the perimeter of the base and form a pier, where the reinforcement is mounted and the concrete solution is poured, which gives the structure additional rigidity;

2. The variability of the formwork filler allows you to save a lot on building a house;

3. You can build structures up to 2 floors, while the foundation remains lightweight due to the low weight of the entire building.

Advice! If you choose not only new technologies for the construction of private houses, but also the right materials filling, in this case, for wall formwork, it will be possible not to worry about additional heat-insulating materials.

CONSTRUCTION FROM SIP PANELS


SIP panels are a panel material made of two chipboard boards, between which a heat-insulating and waterproofing material

As for this technology, the most modern materials are also used here, but the very essence comes down to a subspecies of frame construction. SIP panels are a shield material of two chipboard boards, between which a heat-insulating and waterproofing material is laid, often there is an additional wind membrane. The main advantage of such panels is their readiness for installation on site.

In addition, there are other advantages

1. Efficiency of house assembly;

2. The light weight of the panels, which allows you to use a lightweight foundation and do it yourself during construction. Advice! Despite the apparent lightness of the panels, it is very durable material. The built house will be not only warm, practical, but also resistant. SIP panels easily withstand hurricane winds, snowfalls and other environmental influences. At the same time, the material is easily mounted, fastened and, most importantly, the production of panels is possible only in industrial conditions, which good selection supplier guarantees excellent quality of piece elements.

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