How to plant garlic before winter for good yields. How to plant garlic in the fall How to plant garlic in the fall

In the middle lane, planting garlic before winter every year can be carried out in different dates. This is mainly due to the unpredictability of the weather in autumn. However experienced gardeners it is advised to start planting from the end of September, focusing on temperature regime. It is recommended to plant this crop in the fall, 25-30 days before the time when stable cold sets in. During this period, garlic has time to take root, but its leaves and stems have not yet germinated. If the landing technology is observed and produced necessary care then you can expect a rich harvest.

Spring and winter culture

It is important to know the differences between spring and winter crops. The first type is planted in early spring, and the second - in the fall, by the onset of winter. Most gardeners prefer the winter look of garlic. But you can grow both.

How to distinguish spring garlic from winter garlic at a glance? The teeth of the first species are smaller. In winter garlic, the cloves are in a row around the stem. In spring species, stemless varieties can be found.

In addition, the differences between spring and winter bulbous plants lie in the methods of their reproduction. The winter species reproduces with the help of air bulbs on arrows or teeth. Another species does not form bulbs, so it can only be propagated by teeth. Both types of garlic require approximately the same care; growing winter garlic is similar to growing spring garlic.

Features of winter garlic

The technology for growing this crop is simple, but you should know a few requirements and nuances, as well as carry out the necessary care. Soil fertility is very important for this crop. It is recommended to plant winter bulbous plants on highly fertile loamy or sandy loamy soils. It is important that the acidity of the soil is neutral or close to it.

This bulbous plant is favorable for growing in the garden, since its leaves and head have the ability to repel pests. So, this culture is able to partially drive slugs, caterpillars and drillers out of the garden. When moles appear on the site, it is also recommended to plant winter garlic, because it is able to scare away these animals.

It is preferable to plant winter garlic in the fall on a separate bed. If there is no extra space in the garden, then you can allocate space on the same bed for garlic and other plants. The most favorable neighbors for garlic are flowers (roses, daffodils, gladioli and tulips). This culture is able to protect the leaves and stems of roses from spotting. You can also plant strawberries, onions, potatoes, and blackcurrants near these bulbous plants. It is not recommended to plant cabbage, peas or beans on the same bed with garlic: it can inhibit the growth of these plants. However, cabbage and legumes are excellent as garlic precursors.

It is not recommended to plant garlic on the same bed for several years in a row. But when 3 or 4 years have passed since the last planting in the garden of garlic, then this crop can be re-planted in the same place.

Preparing for landing

The first step is to decide whether garlic will be planted with bulbs or cloves.

For planting teeth, the following procedures should be carried out.

1. Sorting. It is necessary to sort the teeth, removing small and diseased ones. Not suitable for planting teeth irregular shape and those that have cracks on the bottom. For planting in the ground, only dense and large teeth with an intact shell should be selected. This will make future care easier.
2. Disinfection in ash lye. To prepare lye, you need to mix 0.4 kg of ash with 2 liters of water. The resulting solution should be boiled for 30 minutes, and then cool and soak the teeth in it for 2 hours.

Arrows with bulbs should be dried well before planting, separating the leaves. Only large bulbs should be planted. From the small and sick, a bad harvest can turn out.

Cultivation and care

Many gardeners are interested in when to start planting winter crop. Planting winter garlic is recommended in autumn period at the end of September - beginning of October. In this matter, timeliness of landing is important. For example, when a crop is planted too early, its winter hardiness may decrease. In the case late boarding teeth may not have time to take root before the upcoming frosts.

When should you start preparing the site for planting? This is better 2 weeks before the procedure. Such a time period is allotted so that the soil has time to settle. Before planting, it is necessary to make grooves in the soil. Their bottom should be lined with a layer of coarse sand. In the absence of sand, it can be replaced with ash. A layer of ash or sand must be arranged with a thickness of 1.5 to 3 cm. This procedure is carried out in order to prevent contact of the teeth with the soil, thus protecting them from decay.

It is recommended to plant the winter species of bulbous plants in rows, leaving a distance of 20-25 cm. In a row, gaps should be made between small teeth of 8-10 cm and 12-15 cm between large ones. The teeth are recommended to be buried in the ground by a value of 15 to 20 cm. This planting depth is suitable for loose soils.

When planting bulbs, they should be buried in the ground up to 3 cm and use the same planting pattern.

It is also recommended to mulch the beds - this will protect the planting from the effects of cold weather. Mulch should be arranged in a layer of 1.5-2 cm. Mulching can be carried out using a mixture of sawdust with earth or peat. With the onset of cold weather and the absence of snow cover, it is recommended to cover the bed with roofing material or a film coating. Protective covering must be removed as soon as the snow falls on the ground.

Winter crop is extremely resistant to cold. It is able to withstand -20 degrees Celsius. However, when colder temperatures set in, garlic can freeze despite care.

Cultural care includes standard procedures: regular watering, fertilizing with a variety of fertilizers and loosening the soil. Loosening should be done to a depth of 3-4 cm, and then mulch the soil with wet peat or humus. Watering is an integral procedure that must necessarily be included in the care of the crop. Plants should be watered every week, spending up to a bucket of water per 1 square meter soil.

Cleaning time

Novice gardeners are interested in when it is possible to harvest winter garlic. Shooting varieties of bulbous plants must be harvested when their lower leaves turn yellow. The optimal harvesting time is 100-110 days from the moment the first leaves appeared. The winter type of garlic finally ripens approximately at the end of July.

Signs indicating that garlic planted before winter is ripe:

• the bulb is covered with dry thin scales;
• the widespread softening of the leaves begins, they turn yellow;
• softening of the neck begins at the site of the false stem.

However, one should not confuse the yellowness of the leaves, indicating that it is possible to harvest, with the case when they are. In the second case, the culture needs special care and the fight against the pathogen. For a test, you can dig up a couple of heads of garlic, remove the leaves and check if the culture is ripe. If not yet, then it is recommended to wait, and if it is ripe, start digging the beds. After harvesting, the heads of the bulbous plants should be separated and put to dry, and the leaves and stems should be thrown into the compost pit.

Outcome

Garlic is a fairly popular culture that has gained recognition due to the fact that it does not require special care and easy to grow. Garlic is extremely unpretentious, this quality is also very much appreciated by gardeners.

Harvest garlic can be stored for a long time without spoiling or rotting. After harvesting, it can be kept under a canopy until the onset of cold weather. Then the garlic heads are usually transferred to baskets on winter storage.

Ecology of life: Manor. The main conditions for obtaining a rich harvest of winter garlic are the correct determination of the place for planting and the observance of the technology for preparing the beds.

How to plant garlic before winter

If you plan to grow garlic on your plot, it is best to worry about this in the fall. Landing this bulbous plant before winter will provide great quality and big size heads and cloves of garlic.

It's no secret thatthe main conditions for a rich harvestwinter garlic - in the correct determination of the place for planting and compliance with the technology of preparing the beds.

Planting dates for winter garlic

When to plant garlic before winter depends primarily on the planned planting depth.

1. Planting garlic before winter to a depth of 3-5 cm

Most often, garlic is buried by 3-5 cm. In this case, planting is carried out 2-3 weeks before the first frost.

In the middle lane, this period usually falls on the 20th of September - the 10th of October. In warmer regions with mild climates, this is November.

2. Planting winter garlic to a depth of 10-15 cm

Many gardeners prefer to plant garlic at a greater depth, with this method it takes root better and more easily tolerates winter frosts. When to plant winter garlic with deep planting? In the middle lane - already from the last decade of August to the second decade of October.

How to distinguish winter garlic from spring

Naturally, the main difference is that winter garlic is planted before winter, and spring - in the spring.

In addition, they can be distinguished by external signs.

Then you can plant garlic before winter

It is better if tomatoes, cucumbers, and legumes grew in the garden before garlic. Also good precursors of garlic can be early cabbage, zucchini, pumpkin. In this case, the soil for garlic will be as saturated as possible with organic fertilizers.

In places that were occupied by potatoes or onions, planting garlic is not recommended. This is due to the fact that between these crops there is a high risk of "exchange" of diseases (nematode, fusarium, etc.).

You should also not plant winter garlic in areas where manure was applied this year: garlic will give abundant tops, loose heads and will be less resistant to fungal diseases.

Choosing a place for beds for winter garlic

Find in your area the most fertile soil with normal or low acidity. This is where the garlic should be planted. Make a bed on sunny side positioned from north to south.

How to prepare a bed for winter garlic?

Preparation for planting winter garlic begins in advance.

1. Prepare the soil for garlic

In late August - early September, it is necessary to fertilize the soil: 10 kg of humus, 1 glass of chalk and 2 glasses of ash are added for each square meter of area, 2 tablespoons are added. potassium sulfate and 1 tbsp. superphosphate. Evenly distributing all the components on the soil, it needs to be dug up. The digging depth must be at least 20 cm.

2. We form a bed

An ideal bed for winter garlic will be up to 1 m wide and up to 25 cm high.

3. Give time to shrink the soil

Some gardeners are in a hurry and plant garlic immediately after digging. This affects the growth and development of the plant: garlic cloves, when the soil settles, are deep in the ground, and in the spring, the germination time of the shoots increases and the crop yield decreases.

4. We cultivate the soil

For the prevention of garlic diseases treat the ground with a 1% solution blue vitriol(1 tbsp. Dilute the substance in 10 liters of water). With the resulting solution, use a watering can to pour the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe beds. Then cover it with foil.

On average, 1 bucket of such a solution is required per 2 sq.m.

On the eve of planting garlic, scatter urea on the surface of the bed at the rate of 10-20 g per square meter and pour water over the soil.

How to prepare garlic for planting

We have already figured out how to prepare a bed for planting and when to plant winter garlic, now it's time to decide how to prepare it yourself planting material.

1. We disassemble the head into teeth

Firstly, it is important to carefully examine the garlic and disassemble the heads into separate cloves, from which the largest, healthiest ones need to be selected for planting.

If you are planting non-shooting garlic varieties, use only the outer tier cloves.

2. Disinfect garlic

Selected cloves must be soaked for a day in a 0.1% solution of potassium permanganate or a 1% solution of copper sulphate.

After these procedures, garlic can be considered ready for winter planting.

Proper planting of winter garlic cloves

Now we proceed directly to the technology of planting garlic in the fall.

1. Making holes

On the bed prepared in advance, we outline the place for planting winter garlic. To do this, make holes in the ground with a stick at a distance of 10 cm from each other. The depth of the holes is from 3 to 15 cm, depending on the method and time of planting. We have already discussed this at the beginning of the article.

The distance between rows is 20-25 cm.

2. Bury the garlic cloves

Place the garlic cloves into the wells.

It is not worth pressing them into the ground, as this delays root formation.

3. We cultivate the land

If the earth is dry, you can shed it with a pink solution of potassium permanganate.

4. Fall asleep holes

Cover the holes with rotted compost.

5. Mulch the garden

The optimal layer of mulch is about 10 cm. For mulching, it is best to use peat, pine needles or spruce branches, fallen leaves.

In warm regions, mulching winter garlic is not necessary.

An alternative way to plant winter garlic

There is another, less familiar approach to preparing beds for winter garlic.

1. We apply fertilizer for planting garlic

At the end of August, it is necessary to apply fertilizer to the garden bed:

• potassium sulfate (2 tablespoons per sq.m);
• superphosphate (1 tablespoon per sq.m);
• wood ash(2 glasses per sq.m);
• chalk (1 glass per sq.m);
• humus (10 kg per sq.m).

All fertilizers are applied dry and scattered on the soil surface.

2. Cultivate the soil

After that, the earth must be carefully dug up. Again, for early shrinkage, the soil is watered abundantly. If the weather turned out to be rainy, watering is optional.

3. We fill the garden

First of all, along the prepared bed, 35-45 cm from it, it is necessary to sow rows of peas, oats and white mustard.

4. We cultivate the soil before planting

Fertilize 1-2 days before planting garlic. To do this, urea is applied to the beds (10-20 g per sq.m). Then the earth is generously watered.

5. Planting winter garlic

In early October, when the sprouts of peas and oats reach 20 cm or more, it is time to plant garlic between their green rows.

This method of winter planting garlic is quite effective. The greenery will trap snow in the beds, so that in winter the garlic will be covered with a snow coat, and in the spring it will receive sufficient moisture.

Whatever technology you choose for planting and growing winter garlic, we hope you will be able to get a good harvest next summer.published

Garlic is a vegetable crop that has a huge spectrum useful properties for a person. Garlic is often used in cooking, some dishes simply cannot do without it, but this is not its main advantage.

Garlic is valued for its healing properties, it is used not only in folk, but also in official medicine. According to some reports, garlic helps in the treatment of 94 diseases. Let's figure out how to grow such a valuable crop.

What are the planting dates in the fall?

It is better to plant garlic in the ground before the first expected frosts, or rather, approximately 2-3 weeks before their onset. This contributes to its rapid and strong rooting.

Most often, garlic is planted in late September - early October. Garlic planted at this time has enough time to form a strong root system, which is a significant reason for the presence big harvest. Do not be afraid that the garlic will not withstand the cold. If he has time to strengthen his roots, he is not afraid of winter. And, if garlic meets frosts with underdeveloped roots, this factor increases the risk of its death.

Preparing garlic for planting

In order for garlic to disfigure a large one, it is also necessary to select the largest and healthiest, without any damage, cloves for planting. If there are gray or greenish spots on the bulbs, it is better to postpone such garlic.

Garlic can be divided into two categories: garlic, which shoots "arrows" and which does not. For autumn planting, it is better to choose arrows, it is more frost-resistant.

If there is no actual grown garlic left, then it is better to purchase garlic for planting that was grown in the same region in which you are going to plant it.

So that young garlic does not get sick with anything, before planting it should be dried, divided into cloves and dipped for 2-3 minutes in a solution of table salt (per 1 liter of water, one tablespoon of salt).

Choosing winter varieties of garlic

Garlic, which is planted for the winter, is called winter, and which is planted in the spring - spring. There are many varieties of winter garlic, for example: Gribovsky Jubilee, Polessky, Komsomolets, Otradnensky, Garpek, Scythian, Petrovsky etc.

One of the most the best varieties garlic, for planting in the fall, is purple-striped, as it is popularly called, due to its color. It is winter-hardy and unpretentious, and its bulbs can grow up to 150 grams in weight.

A properly prepared place is an important factor in a good harvest.

Before planting garlic, it is necessary to prepare the soil. What does this mean? This means that it needs to be loosened, while the earth should not be too loose, but too dense is also not good, remove all weeds and fertilize. For fertilizer it is better to use organic fertilizers such as ash, compost, peat, superphosphate. You should not fertilize the soil with manure, due to the fact that it acidifies the earth and saturates it with nitrogen, and garlic loves a neutral and well-lit area. If the ground is too dry, then just before planting it should be watered.

Experienced agronomists advise mulching (protecting) the garlic pits with peat, sawdust or fallen leaves, you can additionally spread brushwood on top to retain snow.

Winter garlic likes sandy soils. Humus, superphosphate, potassium salt are used as fertilizer. The norm is as follows: from 5 to 6 kg of humus (stale manure) per square meter. meter of soil, superphosphate - 30 g, potassium salt - 20 g.

A couple of days before landing on the ground, lay out ammonium nitrate. This calculation is 10-12 g per square meter.

And most importantly: planting garlic

Garlic loves to grow every time in a new place. It is advisable to change the place for the garlic bed once a year. But if there is not enough space in the garden, then at least once every two or three years. Do not plant garlic in the place where they grew, peppers, tomatoes, eggplants. And, on the contrary, it is worth planting it after legumes, zucchini, pumpkin, cabbage. Garlic grows well in the place where a horticultural crop was grown, carefully fertilized with manure. But, planting it on fresh manure is unproductive, garlic grows painful, prone to pests. Garlic also likes to grow next to strawberries.

When planting, do not get carried away by pressing the garlic cloves into the ground, such actions will delay the germination of the roots. And, in addition, garlic can crawl out of the compacted soil to the top, where it will freeze. But, at the same time, the soil should be a little compacted so that the cloves do not sink into the soil and the garlic does not turn out to be small, inconspicuous.

A close relative of onions is garlic. Of course, he has features of planting, care, storage and preparation for planting, like any vegetable crop. But growing garlic is not difficult. We'll figure out. There are arrows and non-shooters, winter and spring varieties of garlic - it depends on biological features plants. Non-shooting garlic reproduces only with cloves, arrowing - plus air bulbs (bulbs) to them.

Shooting varieties are winter varieties. They give a good harvest when planted before winter. Among non-shooting varieties there are winter and spring varieties. Planting spring garlic in the fall leads to poor rooting of cloves, thinning of crops, and crop shortages. However, there are varieties that grow well in autumn and spring planting.

The main thing when growing winter garlic is to create conditions for a good wintering. This is provided the right choice planting sites, sowing dates, seeding depth. Culture should be placed on fertile lands with flat surface, clean from weeds, not flooded by autumn or melt waters.

The best predecessors are crops that empty the field early, under which organic fertilizers are applied: cucumbers, zucchini, early cabbage, lettuce, legumes. Garlic is a good predecessor for all crops except onions, because they are affected by the same pests and diseases.

Preparing the garden for planting garlic

The soil in the garden is cultivated in advance so that it settles somewhat. Directly under plowing or digging, humus (40-60 t/ha), mineral fertilizers can be applied. The norm of mineral fertilizers per 1 weave: 30-40 g ammonium nitrate, 50 g of superphosphate, 15-20 g of potassium chloride. Saltpeter is not applied in autumn, only in spring.

Preparation of planting material - garlic cloves, bulbs

For planting winter or spring garlic, three types of planting material are used:

• teeth,
• air bulbs (bulbs);
• sevok (single teeth grown from air bulbs).

Only garlic heads with healthy teeth are selected. All diseased, shriveled or sprouted bulbs are discarded. Large or medium-sized teeth are the most suitable material for planting.

The teeth prepared for planting are pickled, disinfected with a 1% solution of copper sulfate or a 3% suspension of TMTD for 10-15 minutes. If disinfection is not carried out, then it is useful to soak them for 12-24 hours in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Such preparation contributes to the improvement of planting material, protects it from diseases.

Planting garlic in the fall before winter - timing

In order for the garlic to take root, but not to germinate, it must be planted before winter two to three weeks before the onset of a steady cold snap. The optimal time for planting winter varieties of garlic before winter is the third decade of October in the Kuban. With more early landing, for example, in September, sprouted teeth leave before winter with 2-3 real leaves. So that the leaves do not suffer from frost or cold winds, hilling of plants is carried out, and in early spring, transverse harrowing in order to free the neck of the plants.

With a later planting, the teeth do not have time to take root - there is a large sparseness of crops from the influence of cold winds and frosts.

Check the timing of planting garlic with.

Air bulbs are sown in autumn or early spring. The so-called sevok grows out of them - these are not cloves, but roundish small onions. If you plant air bulbs in the fall, then most of them will give arrows in the summer, and during spring planting there is no arrowing, but round single-toothed bulbs (apples) are formed. They are planted in the fall, as they do not store well until spring.

Spring varieties are planted in early spring, as soon as it is possible to enter the field, as they are very demanding on soil moisture, low temperature at the beginning of growth. With a delay in planting, the growth and development of plants is delayed, the yield is reduced, and the commercial quality of products is deteriorating.

Norm and scheme of planting garlic

Garlic is usually planted in rows, the distance between which is 20-30 cm. The teeth are placed at a distance of 6-8 cm, but this distance depends on their size: for large ones, the distance is greater, small ones are planted closer to each other. One or two days before planting, the heads should be disassembled into teeth. If this is done, for example, a week before sowing or even earlier, then they will lose some percentage of germination.

How many teeth will be needed in order to plant, for example, 1 sq. meter garden, hard to say. The planting rate depends on the size of the cloves that you plant. Usually, agronomists call the figure 130-380 cloves per 1 m 2. They get the first number based on their average weight of one clove of 3 g, and the second - if it weighs 7 g.

Larger heads grow from larger teeth. Planting cloves weighing less than 3 g is not worth it, as small heads will grow out of them.

How deep to plant? It depends, firstly, on the size of the teeth, and secondly, on the timing of planting.

In autumn, before winter, winter varieties are planted. Large teeth are planted no deeper than 5-7 cm. Smaller teeth - no deeper than 4-5 cm. layer (5-7 cm) of mulch - straw or dry grass.

Spring varieties are planted in spring. The depth of planting spring garlic is 4-5 cm. Also, make sure that the layer of earth above the teeth is at least 3-4 cm. This will ensure optimal conditions for good rooting, to form heads of the correct shape.

Caring for planting garlic, top dressing

One of the secrets of growing garlic is top dressing.

In early spring, after the snow melts, as soon as the first warm days come, it would be nice to feed the crops nitrogen fertilizers, for example, urea (1 tablespoon / 10 liters of water). Approximately 5 liters of solution should be used per 1 m 2.

In April, when the seedlings grow up, top dressing is carried out twice, for example, this is the middle and end of April. The first feeding should contain more nitrogen. Its composition may be as follows: half a liter chicken manure+ 1 tbsp. a spoonful of nitroammophoska in a bucket (10 l) of water. In the second feeding should be more phosphorus and potassium. The composition is: 1 tbsp. spoon of double superphosphate + 1 tbsp. spoon of potassium sulfate + 1 teaspoon of urea per bucket (10 l) of water. For 1 m 2 we also consume about 5 liters of solution.

Be sure to loosen the soil between the rows after top dressing the next day, after a week and a half, loosen again, if the soil is dry, water it. Garlic loves loose soil without - oxygen must be supplied to the roots and bulbs of the plant, so loosen the soil between rows after each watering or after rain. By the way, if there is no rain, then watering should be carried out at least weekly. Water abundantly - 12-15 liters per 1 m 2.

Mulching row spacing can facilitate the work of a gardener. Mulch will retain moisture, and the soil under the mulch will always remain loose.

In order for you to grow large heads, the arrows must be broken out in time. Try to break or cut them, and do not pull them up - this way you can inadvertently pull out the whole bulb or damage its root system. Break the arrows when they have reached a length of 12-15 cm, the breaking point should be as close as possible to the rosette of leaves. If you break it of a shorter length, then it will continue to grow - you will not get a large head.

Breaking out arrows is a special agricultural technique that allows not only to increase the size of the head, but also accelerates their maturation.

By the way, do not throw away the broken arrows - they can be used when canning blanks, as a seasoning for food.

For example, add finely chopped garlic cloves to boiled potatoes, after you have drained the water, slightly dried it. Add butter or sour cream, mix and serve. Once upon a time, I read this recipe - it was called "Phytoncide Potato". Since then, it has been one of our family's favorite dishes.

Finely chopped arrows can be added to boiled hot pasta or vermicelli - this is also tasty, healthy, especially in spring, when there are so few vitamins.

Harvesting garlic when it should be done

Usually at the end of July, the leaves of the garlic begin to turn yellow. This indicates that it is time to clean up. Gardeners have an unwritten rule: it is better to clean sooner than later. Even a delay of 5 days matters. With earlier harvesting, it is left outdoors under a canopy for ripening. Do not cut off the leaves just yet. At the same time, nutrients from the leaves enter the bulbs, which increase their mass. In this case, the heads are dense, covered with dry integumentary scales on top, of a good attractive appearance. And if you are literally 3-5 days late with cleaning, then the scales covering the heads burst, the teeth crumble, the head itself becomes loose. Such garlic will not be stored for a long time.

But I want to talk about the timing of cleaning separately. There are many varieties that have different ripening periods - which means that they should not be harvested all at once, but in turn. No matter how much I talked with my gardeners I know, almost no one knows what variety they grow. By the way, me too. But the differences of the variety can be seen by the color of the outer shell of the head, by the number of cloves in the bulb. I try to sort the heads before planting in order to at least approximately plant the varieties separately.

How do you know when it's time to remove the garlic from the beds?

Very simple. I always leave a few arrows, I don't cut them off when they start to grow. At first, during growth, the arrows are fancifully bent, curly. But as soon as I noticed that the arrow straightened up, stands vertically up - this is the first sign that it's time to dig out the garlic.

There is another sign - the flower heads, which have already formed bulbs, have burst - for now, clean them up.

Thus, knowing these signs of ripening, no matter where you live, you will never be late to harvest garlic on time. Although the timing of cleaning will be different for everyone.

Ripening and storage of air bulbs (bulbs)

To on next year you had your own garlic for planting, leave some part of the plants with arrows in the garden, do not break them out. These plants with left arrows should be left in the garden for another one to two weeks after harvesting the main crop. Then the arrows with air bulbs are cut off. You can tie them in small bunches, hang them under a canopy (not on open sun) for drying. This is how garlic arrows with air bulbs are stored for 20-30 days. During this time, there is an outflow of nutrients from the arrows into the bulbs, they are covered with dense scales, become light straw or purple in color (the color depends on the variety). Bulbs are very large, the shell bursts. If you are going to plant them in the fall, before winter, then clean them, sort them by size. And if the bulbs are intended for spring-summer planting, then it is best to continue to store them in bunches until spring, since when cleaning, sorting in the fall, the bulbs are injured, they can dry out, lose their germination. They should be stored in a dark cool place.

Ripe, mature, well-dried heads with intact scales are selected for storage. best temperature for storage at home - + 18 ° С. It is better to store garlic in mesh bags, pigtails or cardboard boxes.

How can you get single clove garlic?

Air bulbs can be planted in autumn or spring to obtain a single tooth. It should be remembered that when autumn sowing part of the bulbs freezes, rots. Therefore, sparse seedlings are obtained. At early spring sowing shoots appear on the 10-20th day, as a rule, friendly. Sowing scheme: distance between rows 20 cm, continuous planting of onions in a row. Care consists in watering and subsequent shallow loosening, top dressing complex fertilizers. Single-toothed bulbs are harvested as soon as the leaves begin to fall. After ripening (10-12 days), drying, cut off the roots, dried leaves. The single tooth is stored at a temperature of 16-18 ° C, relative humidity 70-75%.

One last thing… Avoid planting garlic from grocery stores or supermarkets, as you risk serious damage when growing garlic. viral diseases to your area.

Garlic - very useful product. Daily use of cloves in a small amount can have a beneficial effect on increasing the protective functions of the body. Therefore, most gardeners are happy to plant it in their beds. To learn how to choose the right winter garlic for planting, prepare a garden bed and plant it in the fall before winter, read this article.

Which garlic is better to plant: winter in autumn or spring in spring

Garlic according to its characteristics is classified into spring and winter. The differences in them are that the first is planted in spring time, and the second - in the fall before winter.

However, for example, spring garlic is more often planted because of the possibility of its more long-term storage, but winter is by no means inferior to its competitor, having the following advantages:

1. In the spring there are many different worries, and in the fall there is much more time.. The timing of planting winter garlic in the fall is not strictly fixed, therefore landing work can be extended over a long period.
2. Winter garlic is not afraid of either the first frost or a fierce winter., not to mention the return of spring temperature drops. While the tender leaves of spring garlic in the spring can be ruined by a sharp drop in temperature.
3. Planting material in the autumn months boasts larger sizes than spring specimens. The larger the planting material, the larger in the end you will get a crop (the relationship is direct). While spring seedlings by the time of sowing often shrivel up.
4. Winter species are immune to neither diseases nor pests., which cannot be said about spring specimens.
5. Planting garlic before winter does not require special care. The soil in the autumn period is saturated with a sufficient amount of moisture, which allows you to overwinter well in the cold months.
6. Harvesting is done earlier than during spring planting. What says that in summer months on the shelves of stores there are only representatives of winter varieties.
7. Planting in autumn gives bigger harvest than spring rooting.

By the way! You can see how winter garlic differs from spring garlic in the picture below.

Thus, planting garlic in the fall before winter is considered a very profitable business, bringing a generous harvest. However, in order for everything to work out, you need to know the timing of the start of planting work.

When to plant garlic in the fall - in what month: optimal timing

The timing of planting garlic in the fall directly depends on the characteristics climate zone where you live and are going to plant cloves, as well as current weather conditions.

As a rule, winter garlic begins to be planted 2-3 weeks before frost, so that during this time it has time to take root.

In garlic for this period should only develop root system but no way non-aerial green mass.

Optimum temperature soil for planting garlic - + 10-12 degrees, but lower is allowed, but it is impossible to plant in frozen ground.

If we allocate planting periods by region, then the following dates for planting garlic in the fall are recommended:

1. middle lane(Moscow region) - the end of September - the first half of October.
2. Southern regions - the end of October-November.
3. Northern regions (Siberia, Urals) - the second half of September, the deadline is the first half of October.

Interesting! Each gardener is guided by his own observations. Some, for example, are sure that the most best garlic it turns out if he is landed before the Feast of the Intercession. Others, on the contrary, try to plant in sunny days just after the holiday.

Thus, garlic should be planted in the fall and, above all, guided by the weather.

Video: when and how to plant garlic before winter

How to plant winter garlic in the fall - features and step by step instructions

To get a crop consisting of large, whole and even cloves, you must first decide on a place for planting, prepare a bed, soil for planting cloves, choose good planting material and properly prepare and process winter garlic itself for planting.

Landing place

The place where winter garlic will be planted is selected in advance. Culture is a plant that is very fond of sunlight. Therefore, it must be planted on open areas, not shaded, for example, by fruit trees.

An excellent place for planting garlic is a small mound or a bed on a hill (for example, warm bed). If it is placed in a lowland, then during the spring snowmelt, the plantings will be flooded, and the seedlings may rot because of this.

The best predecessors for planting winter garlic: crop rotation rules

Note! Naturally, if you want to get a rich harvest of winter garlic, then you need to plant it, like any vegetables, according to the rules of crop rotation. About, after what crops is it better to plant winter garlic, read .

Preparing beds and soil for planting winter garlic

The preparation of the beds where winter garlic will be planted, they begin to deal with about a month before the start of planting.

Interesting! A bed for winter garlic is made in advance so that the soil in it settles a little.

As for the location in the garden, then, as already mentioned earlier, optimal placement of the bed in sunny place from North to South.

Further on the planned site you need dig the soil to a depth of about 20-30 cm (shovel bayonet), while removing all weeds and other debris, and then apply fertilizer under digging to improve soil fertility.

The soil for growing winter garlic requires loose, soft, filled nutrients. A spicy vegetable loves a soil that is perfectly permeable to air and water, and most importantly, has a neutral acidity level (pH).

You should not choose a place where the soil is clay, dense or overly acidic. Sandy substrates will work, but large heads require abundant watering and frequent fertilization.

By the way! If the soil is excessively clayey, then you can make it looser by adding peat and sand.

To prepare the soil for planting garlic before winter, organic and / or mineral fertilizers should be applied to it.

If you are a supporter organic farming, then under digging should be made the following fertilizers:

• compost or rotted manure (1 bucket per 1 sq. meter);
• wood ash (1-2 cups per 1 sq. meter).

By the way! Ash can be poured into a hole or groove right before planting.

Video: planting garlic in the fall before winter and fertilizing the moon with ash

If you allow the use mineral fertilizers then enter:

• superphosphate (20-30 grams per 1 sq. meter);
• potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate (20-30 grams per 1 sq. meter).

By the way! As an enhanced measure, you can mix organic and mineral fertilizers.

After digging and applying the necessary fertilizers to the soil, the bed is well leveled and left until autumn planting.

Advice! Some gardeners advise additionally protecting and disinfecting the soil by spilling it with a 1% solution of copper sulphate, or. But, in principle, this can be done after landing.

How to choose the right seedlings

You need to choose the largest cloves from the most correct heads, and it is desirable that each has no more than 5-6 pieces. If you choose small cloves, then the garlic will turn out to be very small volumes.

Important! There should be no rot or mold on the cloves. It is worth carefully inspecting the surface for the presence of spots of an unnatural structure. You can not take cloves for rooting with mechanical damage.

All cloves suitable for planting must be fully "dressed" in the shell, with no visible flaws.

Important! Garlic should be divided into cloves immediately before planting (before soaking).

Processing and preparing garlic for planting

Before planting garlic cloves in the fall open ground, they should be pre-prepared for landing:

1. Each clove is carefully separated from the others so as not to damage the outer shell and the root growth site (bottom). Some gardeners recommend lightly cleaning the bottom (from cork raids) so that it takes root better, but this must be done very carefully so as not to accidentally remove the scales and expose the clove.
2. Next, all the cloves must be carefully sorted. You should get rid of all the spoiled ones. If you plant such garlic, it will not only not give a normal head, but it can infect the entire garden.

1. You can soak the cloves in the Maxim solution (according to the instructions) for 20-30 minutes.
2. To be sure to pickle and disinfect the garlic, it is soaked in a solution of "Fundazol" (according to the instructions).
3. A pink solution of potassium permanganate is also suitable. Again, 20-30 minutes.
4. For soaking, you can also use a 1% solution of copper sulfate (10 grams per 1 liter). For all the same up to half an hour.
5. Many summer residents recommend holding the cloves in the solution (according to the instructions) for 5-10 minutes.
6. According to an old tradition, quite often the cloves are soaked in brine(2 tablespoons per 1 liter of water), keeping for half an hour.

Advice! What is the best way to process garlic cloves is decided by each gardener on his own. For fun, you can try soaking several batches of cloves in different solutions and planting them in separate rows to experiment.

Video: proper preparation(processing, soaking) winter garlic to autumn planting

Direct landing and its rules

Basic rules for planting winter garlic:

By the way! Many people like plant garlic not in grooves, in separate holes, in other words, plant in spots. Moreover, such holes are convenient to make special devices, or the neck of a bottle (as in the title photo of the article).

Important! If the teeth are placed too high to the surface, they may be subject to freezing. If, on the contrary, it is too deep, then they will germinate for too long or completely rot.

Step-by-step instruction planting garlic in the fall before winter:

1. Decide on a place to plant, while taking into account the rules of crop rotation.
2. Prepare the garden and soil.
3. Select high-quality planting material, process (soak) it in a disinfectant solution.
4. Cut grooves or holes.
5. Plant cloves in accordance with the rules.
6. Cover with fertile soil.
7. If desired, for additional disinfection of the soil, it can be spilled with a solution (according to the instructions).
8. Mulch (if you have a cold and harsh climate in autumn).

Video: proper fit garlic in autumn before winter

Care for winter garlic after planting

If your winters are very cold, then with the onset of frost, the garden bed is mulched sawdust, or lay pine branches or straw, you can even cover with spunbond. But in the spring, all shelter will need to be removed at the first warm days, but the mulch can be left (some people specially grow garlic in the mulch).

Video: planting and mulching garlic in the fall

If the autumn is dry, there is little rainfall, then it is recommended to shed the beds a couple of times so that the rooting process goes faster.

Naturally, the main care falls on spring time. Some time after the snow masses come down, the first green sprouts should already be visible. Watering is not yet required, because after the snow melts, the soil is saturated with a sufficient amount of moisture.

When to harvest winter garlic and how to store it (ways)

Possible mistakes when planting garlic in the fall and when growing it

No matter how experienced the gardener is, he still often makes offensive mistakes that could not be made if you know exactly what you should pay special attention to.

Allocate the following errors, which are often performed when planting garlic in the fall before winter:

1. When buying planting material, the sellers themselves names are often confused or even mixed together. Therefore, it is possible to buy in the fall not the garlic that is required. So, either use your own planting material, or carefully and carefully watch what you buy.
2. Planted without shell. Garlic, like a fish, dies without scales. Many gardeners believe that the shell must be removed. They are of the opinion that the scales (or poorly removed old crust) prevent roots from germinating. However, in the absence of a shell, the clove soon begins to actively rot.
3. Planting is done immediately after the bed has been dug up and prepared. Firstly, when you make mineral and organic additives for digging, they need time to saturate the soil with nutrients. Secondly, the cloves planted during this period, after the earth sags, will surely dig into the ground excessively deep, which will negatively affect their germination and further growth.
4. Planted out too early. If you plant early enough - back in August, then warm weather will provoke active growth green shoots. And they will die during the onset of cold weather, which will lead to a weakening of the planting material.
5. Arrows are not removed in spring. Of course, the final size of the garlic depends on the bulb head, but if you leave the arrow that he released in the spring, then all the force of the head will go to the formation of bulbs. Therefore, the arrows should be broken off during the period of their formation.

Video: tricks of planting garlic before winter

Thus, it is better to plant winter garlic in the autumn period, since during the winter it undergoes a natural stratification that allows the plant to harden into natural conditions and accumulate mass. And then the main thing is to do everything (preparing the beds and soil, processing and planting the cloves themselves) on time and correctly.

Video: how to plant garlic before winter

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