Roof device for soft roof: preparation of tools. The device of the lathing under the soft roof: design features Arrangement of the roof from the soft roof
Creating a stylish and solid building or giving a noble image to the house - soft roofing perfectly copes with all these functions.
In addition to aesthetic appeal, the material distinguished by durability, reliability and wear resistance.
However, in order to fully experience all the benefits of a soft roof, it must be correctly installed.
O technical specifications soft roof can be read here.
Roof device for soft roof: preparation of tools
For preparatory and installation work with a soft roof will need the following tools:
- a hammer;
- roulette;
- hacksaw;
- pencil;
- chalk rope;
- work gloves to protect hands;
- trowel for working with bituminous mixture.
Having collected necessary equipment for a soft roof, you can go to preparatory work. Read also about the repair of soft roofs in winter and summer.
Lathing under a soft tile
Can serve as the main building material with a firm, even and smooth structure. These include moisture resistant plywood, edged or tongue-and-groove boards, OSB boards. Wherein allowable level humidity up to 20%.
When installing, you should set the joints of the boards in relation to the supports so as to overlap from two runs or more. At the same time, the gaps between the boards should not be wider than 10 mm. The minimum thickness of the gap between the seams of the bottom skin is 2 mm, and when using edged boards - 5 mm. Gaps are needed not only for ventilation, but also for the possible expansion of the structure under the influence of temperature changes.
Crate preparation
When organizing a crate structure from edged boards, it is recommended to arrange the boards so that they are directed up rounded parts.
Ventilation system for soft tiles
Care must be taken to ensure air exchange and prevent condensation about ventilation system . It will significantly increase the service life of the structure and protect it from decay, the formation of icicles and ice in the winter season.
For the organization of natural ventilation of the attic, it is recommended make holes for ventilation evenly along the entire length of the ridge under the overhang of the eaves, and the hood - in the upper part of the roof.
The ventilation system includes outlets, air vents located in the overhangs of the cornices and a special gap. The latter is the gap between the waterproofing layer and the base. The gap should be 5 cm or more.
Selection and installation of an insulating mat
For reliable adhesion to the base, an insulating carpet is laid before laying the tiles - a special lining layer, fastened from top to bottom at the ends, cornice overhangs and valleys.
Self-tapping screws for soft roofing are used as fasteners, namely roofing nails, located in 200 mm increments.
When choosing an insulating carpet, you should start from the corner of the roof. With a roofing angle of 18 0 or more, you can stop on the lining in places with a high probability of leaks: skates and valleys, in places chimneys or areas adjacent to vertical wall, which are reinforced by 250 and 500 mm, respectively.
At the same time, for the first, the width is 400 mm, and for the second, layer equipment is required on both sides.
Slope angle at 12-18 0 requires laying an insulating mat over the entire area. It is mounted from the bottom up in a parallel direction from the cornice overhang. In the transverse direction, the overlap must be at least 100 mm, and in the longitudinal direction - 150 mm and above.
NOTE!
In order to achieve a good tightness of the structure, it is possible to treat the overlap with bituminous mastic.
valley carpet
For guard roofing system from climatic precipitation is applied to the valley insulating layer, matching the color of the tiles and nailed.
roofing cake
To protect the house from precipitation, wind, temperature changes and other influences, a roofing pie is equipped - layered construction from various materials. For soft tiles it looks like this:
- vapor barrier. Protects against the formation of condensate and minimizes the penetration of evaporation from the premises in the house.
- thermal insulation. Keeps warm, provides sound insulation, protects from wind, low temperatures.
- Waterproofing. Seals the inside of the building, preventing the ingress of water and moisture formed from rain or snow.
- decorative layer. Provides a certain look to the roofing cake and serves as additional protection from the wind.
Soft roof device: technology and scheme
Protecting gables and eaves
To protect the edges of the crate from rain moisture and snow, use metal slats- droppers (cornice) and gable. Cornice strips are placed on the lining, located on the overhangs, and gable - on the lining layer in the roof ends.
Both varieties are fastened with nails in 100 mm increments and in zigzag arrangements.. In places where the planks are joined, an overlap of 20 mm or more is made. You can read about the installation of other additional elements at the link.
Upon completion of this stage, you can proceed to the main work - laying a soft roof.
Installation of a soft roof
Before starting the installation of a soft roof with your own hands, you should check the colors of all sheets in the packages, as there may be inconsistencies in the tiles. To avoid color deviations, you can mix 5-6 packs. The tile itself is suitable for roofs with a slope of 12-90 0 .
Temperature and climatic conditions on the object. At temperatures below 5 0 installation of soft tiles is not recommended., since the roof sheets require the sun to seal with the base. If the installation does not tolerate waiting, and the temperature does not meet the requirements, it is recommended to keep the sheets up to room temperature and use a hot air heater.
Flexible tiles: installation instructions
If both of the above conditions are met, the crate and tools are prepared, you can start laying shingles. So how to lay soft roof? The technology for installing a soft roof is quite simple:
- Working with cornice tiles. Mounted over planks eaves overhang. For fixing, glue and nails are used, located at a distance of 25 mm from the edge of the coating.. Another installation option is to use a pattern made from ordinary tiles. To do this, cut the petals from the shingle and mount the tiles end-to-end in an indent of 20 mm from the cornice overhang. Use our online calculator to calculate tiles.
- Working with ordinary tiles. Before installation, horizontal markings are carried out using chalk. This will allow you to lay a number of sheets evenly, especially if the slope has dormer windows, pipes and other elements in the structure. Next, the protective film is removed from the shingles and laying begins from the middle of the cornice overhang, heading in both directions. The roof is fastened with four nails driven into special holes. For slopes of 45 0 and above, you will need six nails.
- The first row of tiles is placed at a distance of 10-15 mm from the lower edge of the cornice tiles, and the petals are placed at its joints. The following rows should be positioned so that the end of the shingle petals is at or slightly above the cutouts in the previous layer. Working at the ends, it is necessary to cut the tiles along the edge of the roof and reinforce it with glue with a layer of 10 cm. In order not to damage the insulating layer when cutting plywood, you can put a piece of plywood or board under it.
Do-it-yourself installation of a soft roof with a step-by-step photo
The nuances of laying soft tiles on valleys and ridges
Important attention when laying soft tiles is necessary give valleys and skates to which you should proceed upon completion of work with ordinary tiles.
In valleys, the roof is cut to open a strip of carpet, having a width of 150 mm.
Before laying soft tiles on skates, scaffolding should be prepared to help simplify the work. To receive ridge tiles it is enough to divide the eaves in three places of perforation, and then bend the resulting elements in half.
Such a roof is fastened with a short side along the ridge with an overlap of 50 mm using four nails.
CAREFULLY!
Don't forget about applying glue to the petals in places of fastening after dismantling of scaffolds.
Now consider how to lay a soft roof around the chimney.
Soft tile roofing: chimney bypass technology
Another important point during installation - the organization of the junction of the roof to the chimney. It must be insulated by nailing a rail around the perimeter of the pipes and attaching an insulating carpet to it.
After that, the roof is brought to a vertical surface and glued, closing the slopes by 200 mm, and the pipe by 300 mm. The protruding edges are closed with a metal strip and sealed.
Chimney bypass
In addition to protecting the roofing pie from moisture, it is necessary to ensure its fire safety, which is regulated SNiP document. Therefore, it will be necessary remove part of the cake at a distance of 15-25 cm from the chimney.
Common styling mistakes
| Problem causing leakage or damage | Description |
| Poor fixing of the flooring | If the deck flexes or deforms, the fasteners can bend and damage the tile plates, causing leaks. |
| Ignoring the vapor barrier | This leads to the ingress of moisture into the insulation and the destruction of the roof structure. |
| Incorrect laying of a soft roof in the first row | If there is a coincidence between the joints of the plates in the starting and first rows, then this will inevitably cause leakage in the area of the lower part of the ramp |
| Poor fixation of plates | With weak fastening of the plates, a gust of wind will easily lift and tear off the plate. To avoid this, it is necessary to correctly position the nails: they must be mounted through the fastener strip above the adhesive line covered by the petals |
| Roof package bend | If, during installation, a package with plates is not placed on a flat surface, it will deform, and the roof layers will separate. Packages must be placed on a flat surface. |
| The adhesive strip on the plates goes continuously | In such structures, water does not get out, falling under the plate from the side, from which it moves to the side to the joints between the roof. Usually these are places near chimneys, valleys or internal drains. |
| Ill-conceived roof design | If the roof is not designed correctly, the following problems may appear: incorrect location of valleys or gutters, dormer windows, chimneys. It is difficult to solve this problem, since it appears even during construction. But leaks need to be found. |
| Poor chimney waterproofing | Before proceeding with the correction of this problem, it is recommended to check the masonry for the presence of fallen bricks. A common mistake that causes leakage: the lack of flanging aprons when laying |
| Poor quality valley coating | Most of the films offered on the market have a service life of 5-7 years, which clearly does not coincide with a roof that can stand for 50 years. Therefore, according to the installation rules, it is necessary to use a high-quality waterproof film in combination with a metal apron. |
Observing the technology of laying a soft roof and having necessary set tools, the installation of a soft tile roof will be carried out efficiently, quickly and safely. However, if there are doubts about their own qualifications or lack of time, it is better for owners to entrust the work to professionals who are familiar with the procedure for laying the roof. And finally, we recommend reading the article about the types of soft roofing.
Useful video
Self-installation of soft tiles in the video below:
Covering soft roof now chooses everything large quantity of people. This is easy enough to explain. The material is inexpensive and installation is not difficult. However, in order for the roof to last for many years, its crate must be properly created. If we take into account that the material has its own characteristics, then a number of rules must be observed during the arrangement. All operations are important and require a responsible attitude to yourself. It is about what should be the roof lathing for a soft roof that we will talk about further.
What is a crate and requirements for it
A crate is a collection of boards and battens that fit into perpendicular to the plane to the rafter legs. It is she who acts as the basis for fixing roofing. It also enhances the spatial structure of the roof.
Lathing under a soft roof must meet the following requirements:
- Have sufficient strength, which corresponds to the mass of the material being laid;
- Be reliable in operation;
- Perceive sustainably various kinds impact. This mainly concerns atmospheric influences (precipitation, wind);
- There should be no protruding nails, cracks of more than 6 mm, sags and bumps;
- Must be installed according to accepted standards.
There are several types of crates. For soft materials solid is recommended. Its feature is that when laying it, the step should be more than 1 cm.
Features of working with a soft roof
During the installation of soft tiles, certain conditions must be observed:
- It is allowed to cover a soft roof at an ambient temperature of +10°С. The lower layers capable of gluing when heated by the sun's rays will spontaneously stick to the base.
- When operating during lower temperatures, this layer will not melt. You will have to make additional efforts to warm up the lower layers. In addition, an additional tool is required.
- Also, do not start work in wet weather. You can install the cover. However, the crate will quickly begin to rot.
In general, for work with a soft roof best period- summer. AT winter period Better get ready for work. It is quite possible to raise truss system and calculate the step of the crate for a soft roof.
You can buy all necessary material. It will not become superfluous, especially in the face of constant price increases. However, it needs to create optimal conditions for storage. So, direct Sun rays. Otherwise, the adhesive layer may start to melt. The temperature is not lower than 0°C.
What materials are suitable for the crate?
The following materials are suitable for preparing crates for soft materials:
- Calibrated board - width 140 millimeters. Be sure to choose a quality one. Preparation is recommended in advance.
- Wooden bar. Dimensions will vary depending on the pitch of the rafter system and the crate.
- Diffusion or roofing film. Improves waterproofing heat-shielding properties.
- Roof runs. Strengthen the entire structure, making it more stable and reliable.
- Moisture resistant plywood or OSB. Used to furnish the most flat surface. The plane is obtained without cracks and dips.
Pay attention! When choosing a material, it is necessary to focus only on the maximum quality. They must meet all quality standards. Otherwise, the durability of the roof remains in doubt.
What crate is suitable?
Dealt with the materials. Now consider the types of crates. They are solid and sparse.
When a sparse one is created, then the boards on the rafter legs are placed not with a continuous coating, but with a fixed step. Averaged 20-50 cm. Such a design cannot be used in conjunction with bituminous coatings. They are soft and will sag.
For quality installation soft blood, you need to make a continuous crate. It looks like solid flooring. Calibrated boards, plywood or OSB are used. It is allowed to leave a minimum gap, up to 10 mm.
Types of solid battens
Under modern soft roofing materials, it is imperative to equip a solid base. This is clear. However, the crate for a soft roof can be made of several layers. There are two types of solid bases:
1. Single layer- all elements are mounted in a parallel plane to the ridge. Laid immediately on the rafters. Material - boards, plywood, OSB. This design is not often used, most often for the installation of roofing material.
2. Double- combine two layers. Occasionally used even various materials. The first layer is the working part, a lathing of a sparse type. Made up of boards. After it, the second layer is laid. It is already complete. Plywood, boards or OSB are used. This design makes it possible to create ventilation between the flooring and place insulation material between the rafter legs. The preferred choice for today's soft materials.
Manufacturing technology of a single-layer continuous crate
It is mounted directly on the rafters, without the use of additional elements. Will fit in inexpensive construction, for example, for laying roofing material. Thermal insulation is not provided.
Board use
A grooved board will do. Unedged will not fit. This is due to the resulting surface drops. affects the final result.
The variant is the simplest. It is made by attaching boards perpendicular to the rafter legs.
However, there are certain requirements for boards:
- No knots. Maximum equal.
- Width from 100 to 140 millimeters. Thickness of 20-37 millimeters. Everything will depend on the step of the truss system used.
- Humidity should not exceed 20%. This is explained by the fact that wet wood will dry out. This will cause the fasteners to fall out. In addition, when in contact with a wet surface bituminous materials reduce their service life.
- Must be treated with an antiseptic. The appearance of rot and various insects should be prevented.
When working, the boards are fixed to the rafters across, in a parallel plane to the ridge. Laying is done from the bottom up. It all starts with the roof overhang. Docking points are placed on the rafters. Boards are fastened closer to the edge, the caps are recessed. Between adjacent boards in height, you need to leave a small gap, in the region of 3 millimeters. It will be required for thermal expansion. Resizing will occur within this gap.
Panel assembly
Boards can be replaced with one of the sheet materials - plywood or OSB. They are distinguished by a significant level of moisture resistance and flexibility. Long service life.
Such materials speed up the entire process of building the crate. As a result, it turns out smooth surface for laying soft materials.
However, they have their own requirements:
- Increased level of moisture resistance. Not all representatives have this quality. For roofing, OSB-3 or FSF plywood is the most suitable.
- Thickness from 9 to 27 millimeters. Everything is again repelled by the step of the truss system.
- Antiseptic treatment. Processing from rotting and fungus is required.
Sheets are placed immediately on the rafters in length parallel to the ridge. The joints must not match. That is, they fit into the run.
A gap of 2 mm should be provided. When laying on cool days, the gap increases to 3 mm.
For fastening, self-tapping screws or special solved nails are used. In increments of 30 cm, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe ends 15 cm. Edges - 10 cm.
Technology of installation of a double continuous crate
It can be represented as a two-tier structure. The first is boards fixed in a run. The second is a solid platform made of plywood, OSB or boards. It is the most effective when compared with a single layer. Therefore, it is most often used during the laying of modern soft roofing materials.
Assembling a double crate from boards
The basis for laying a soft roof is allowed to use only a board. They are used to fasten both layers.
- In the first row, use boards with a thickness of 25 mm and a width of 100 to 150 mm. It is allowed to replace it with a bar 50x50 and 30x70.
- The second layer is formed from boards 20-25 mm thick and 50 to 70 mm wide.
- Be sure to use an antiseptic.
The installation process takes place in the following order:
1. In a parallel plane to the ridge, boards are fixed with an interval of 200 to 300 mm. The main thing is to exclude the possibility of deflection of boards from level 2.
2. A board of 2 rows is punched over them at an angle of 45 degrees. A gap of 2-3 mm is also left. Work comes from the ridge to the eaves.
This design is usually prepared for roofing material. In case of modern materials a combined method is desirable.
Making a combined double crate
In this design, a combination of materials is used. In the first layer, a board or timber, the second - plywood or OSB.
According to tradition, it is collected in this way. A board or beam is laid perpendicular to the rafters, in a run. Top plywood or OSB. This method is usually used when creating a cold attic. There is no insulation or waterproofing.
If it is necessary to conduct insulation, then another option must be used. It is somewhat more difficult. Parallel to the rafters, the beam of the counter-lattice is laid. Above, already perpendicular to them, the boards of the first level. The roofing pie ends with sheet material. The method differs from the past by the presence of a counter-lattice. Due to it, a gap for ventilation is provided between the shield flooring and the vapor barrier.
The following requirements apply to materials:
- A beam for creating a counter-lattice - 25x30 or 50x50 mm.
- Board 2 layers - 25 millimeters thick, and width from 100 to 140 millimeters.
- sheet material- 9-12 mm.
- Antiseptic treatment.
Sequence of work:
1. If there is a layer of thermal insulation and waterproofing, a row of counter battens is formed. The section is shown above. They are fixed over the rafters, along. This row is necessary not only to create a gap for ventilation, but also to fix the vapor barrier film laid on the insulation. If you break everything down into steps, it will look like this. First, it is laid between the rafters warmly insulating material. A vapor barrier film is covered from above, nailed to the beam of the counter-lattice. In the absence of thermal insulation, you can immediately begin to arrange the crate in a run.
2. The boards are laid on the beam of the counter-lattice or immediately on the rafters. Across. Laying step from 200 to 300 millimeters.
3. Sheet material is placed in parallel. long side across the rafters. Mandatory expansion joint up to 3 mm. Fastening is carried out to each rafter leg with an interval of 30 cm. Joints should be placed on supports. Joints are fastened with a gap of 15 cm.
Summing up, we can say that it is not advisable to build a crate for a soft roof on your own. It is better to turn to specialists who know all the subtleties. Otherwise, you can get a lot of problems with the roof.
The basis for soft bituminous tiles is fiberglass, bitumen and sprinkling from stone chips. The popularity of the material ensured complete immunity to corrosion and water resistance. It can be used on any roof shape, including domes. Basalt powder protects against heat and ultraviolet radiation, protects the bituminous base from precipitation and mechanical damage. Fiberglass ensures the strength of the material, and bitumen provides complete waterproofing. Due to the versatility of the coating, many are interested in how to cover the roof with a soft roof with their own hands.
Among the advantages of bituminous tiles:
- ease of transportation and unloading due to low weight;
- a small percentage of waste during installation, even on a curved surface;
- soft material absorbs the sound of rain;
- resistance to high and low temperatures;
- plasticity and flexibility, allowing you to create various geometric shapes;
- long operation;
- lack of electrical conductivity.
Manufacturers of soft roofs offer several forms of cutting tiles and many colors.
Tools for work:
- Hacksaw.
- Roulette.
- A hammer.
- A trowel for mastic.
Where to start laying
It is possible to cover the roof with tiles scrupulously following the technological sequence of work. The first stage of arrangement is the preparation of the foundation. The waterproofing of the roof is affected not only by the quality of the bituminous shingles, but also by the crate. The base must be extremely even, strong and rigid. The step of the crate depends on the angle of the slope and the strength of the winds in the region, it is 50-100 cm. conifers wood, OSB, moisture resistant plywood. To protect against decay, materials are treated with an antiseptic. A gap of 3 mm is maintained between adjacent sheets for thermal expansion. The material used must be dried, humidity up to 20% is allowed. The boards are joined above the supports, the length of each overlaps two spans of rafters. The plates are stacked apart and fixed with self-tapping screws.
To avoid metal corrosion, galvanized nails are used.
Ventilation for soft roof
To ensure air circulation, holes are left at the highest point (on the ridge) and at the junction of the eaves. Ventilation allows you to reduce the temperature in attic, remove vapors and condensate from under the roof, avoid ice in winter. Openings for natural ventilation are evenly distributed along the length of the ridge and eaves.
The base should not adjoin waterproofing, so it is important to make a gap of 5 mm.
Lining device
With a roof slope of 12 to 18 degrees, rolled insulating material is spread over the entire roof. They begin work from below, from the cornice, laying the canvases parallel to it. The joints of the lining layer are overlapped, nailed every 20 cm. All seams are sealed with glue. If the angle of inclination is large enough, then they are isolated separate sections: skylights, skates, valleys, cornices and ends. On the valleys, the lining material spreads on both sides, its width is at least 50 cm. On the cornice overhang, the value lining material equals 60 cm.
Additional elements
The edges of the crate need to be protected from rain. To do this, a metal dropper is nailed along the eaves. It is attached to the cushioning layer with an overlap of 2 cm, nails are driven in every 10 cm.
The ends are covered with special metal gable planks, they are fixed in the same way as eaves - overlap and over the insulating layer.
Valley - an area where leaks are possible, in order to exclude them, a valley carpet is laid. It is made of polyester fabric, processed with bitumen and basalt dressing. It is fixed on the roof with the help of mastic and nails, which are hammered 3 cm from the edge. The valley carpet is selected in the same color with soft tiles. The edge of the bituminous shingles is trimmed to leave 15 cm of carpet exposed. This is necessary to create a gutter through which the rainwater. The described method is considered optimal.
Nuances to know
- It is recommended to carry out work on laying rows of soft tiles at an air temperature of +5 degrees (°C). During frosts, it is impossible to ensure normal bonding of bitumen. In addition, the material becomes brittle and does not allow the creation of a curved structure. The connection of tile shingles with the base and with each other occurs when heated by solar heat.
- Working at a low temperature, the tiles are brought in small batches, and the bulk is stored in a warm room.
- You can not leave a soft roof under the scorching sun, so that the bitumen does not melt.
- Bituminous shingles have slight discrepancies in color, it is better to take shingles from different packs, then the transition will be smooth.
- Do not clean the roof with shovels, you can damage the coating. During installation, it is necessary to set the angle of the slope, which does not allow snow to accumulate on the roof.
Before starting work with flexible tiles, the base is marked. Horizontal lines are drawn in increments of 70 cm (five rows of tiles), the vertical marking is equal to the size of the shingle. This will allow you to lay them in even rows. The cornice row of shingles is laid first. It is made from a universal self-adhesive soft roof. Before starting work, the protective film is removed. Sheets are stacked end-to-end and fastened with nails along the perforation. Fixation points overlap with the next row.
Installation of flexible tiles starts from the middle of the eaves and moves to the ends. The first row should overlap the tiles laid above the eaves, the distance between their lower edges is 1 cm. With a slope of up to 45 °, 4 nails are used to fasten one tile, with greater meaning add 2 nails for secure fixation.
The head of the nail should be flush with the surface of the bitumen shingles, and not cut into it.
The petals of the next rows should be at the same level and cover the perforation of the previous row. Depending on the cutting of the tiles, the offset of the next row is selected. This allows you to form a chaotic or ordered pattern. Most models are stacked with an offset of half a petal. The markings made before the start of installation will allow you to continue the rows of flexible roofing interrupted dormer windows or flue pipes. At the ends, soft tiles are cut off, not reaching 1 cm to the plank, and its edges are glued with a mastic layer 10 cm wide and nailed.
When cutting the material, plywood should be used as a substrate, this will protect against accidental damage to the lower layer of soft tiles.
On the valley carpet, the dimensions of the gutter are marked, it can be from 5 to 15 cm. It should be noted that a 30 cm zone is formed near the gutter, which is not nailed. The tiles are cut along the border of the gutter. The upper corner of the shingle is cut off to break the water. With the help of a trowel, mastic is applied to the edge of the tile and attached to the carpet.
Features of finishing the ridge and roof ribs
To make a tile suitable for a ridge, it is necessary to cut an ordinary bituminous tile into three parts. On the edges of the roof, ridge tiles are laid from the bottom up. After removal protective film it is glued and fixed with four nails two centimeters from the edge. The next part is glued with an overlap of 5 cm.
Tiles on a ridge are laid against the prevailing winds. For ease of installation, each part of the ridge tile is heated in the middle and bent along the edge of the bar to form an angle. The tiles are attached to a bituminous base and 4 nails. In the ridge row, soft tiles overlap each other with an overlap, like ordinary ones.
To ensure sealing at the junctions with antennas, chimney or ventilation pipes, a valley carpet or galvanized metal is laid. When choosing a carpet, a plinth is installed on the pipe. The pattern of the material used is laid with a minimum 20 cm overhang. ordinary tiles. Backside carpet is smeared with bituminous mastic. It is glued along the perimeter of the pipe, the places of contact with the tiles are treated with 10 cm bituminous mastic. The top of the carpet, which goes over the pipe, is closed with metal strips.
For the installation of roofing penetrations, special passage elements are purchased. Such an element is laid with a 2 cm approach to the roof. A hole is cut in the base. The skirt of the element is glued with mastic and nailed. Its surface is covered with bituminous tiles, and the remaining joint is covered with mastic and sprinkled with basalt chips to protect against ultraviolet radiation.
Properly laid soft roof will reliable protection home for at least 30 years.
Video
A detailed video on the installation of flexible tiles:
The article contains information about the technology of roofing with bituminous tiles. The device of a roof made of soft tiles, the technology of laying bituminous shingles and the nuances of the installation process are disassembled. Having mastered the information received, you will know what and in what sequence the masters will do and ask the right questions, which will show that you understand the topic.
Roof covered with soft tiles
Lathing for soft tiles
It is necessary to start with the analysis of the crate. Since bituminous tiles are flexible and thin material, lying on any plane exactly repeats all its forms. Therefore, the installation of a flexible roof is carried out only on a continuous crate, assembled either from boards, or from sheet or board materials, for example, from moisture resistant plywood or OSB.
The board lathing is laid on the roof truss system, leaving a gap of 1 cm between the boards. This is the so-called compensation gap in case of moisture and temperature expansion of lumber.
Plywood and OSB boards are laid on a sparse crate of boards 20-25 mm thick and 100 mm wide. The installation step of the boards depends on the size of the stacked sheets or slabs. For example, if for solid battens plywood 125x125 mm is selected, then the installation step of the crate elements should be within 70 cm. The plywood sheet should lie on the two extreme boards with the edges, and there should be one more between them. That is, the plywood sheet should lie on three boards, at least.
Solid plank sheathing
And two important points:
a gap of 1 cm is left between the stacked plates or sheets;
the panels are laid with an offset of half the element, thus achieving a uniform distribution of loads on all sheets (plates).
Flexible tile installation technology
Like all construction processes, laying bituminous tiles is divided into two stages: preparation, and direct installation of roofing material.
On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer roofing services of any complexity. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
Preparatory work
The first preparatory operation is the installation of a drip. This element, made of painted galvanized steel sheet, is a corner up to 3 m long. The width of each shelf varies between 15-25 cm. .
Attach the dropper to the crate roofing nails who score in top shelf in a checkerboard pattern every 15 cm. Neighboring planks are overlapped with each other with an offset of at least 3 cm.
Installation of roofing (lining) carpet
First, what is a roofing carpet. This is a roll material from the category of bitumen-polymer. It is laid on the crate in order to:
Align minor defects of the lathing laid on the rafters.
Increase the waterproofing qualities of the roofing.
Prevent the formation of condensation on the wooden deck.
So, the technology of laying soft tiles on the roof begins with the installation of roofing material. First of all, it is laid in strips on valleys and cornices. But you need to start with the valleys. The lining material has a width of 1 m, so it is laid out so that it covers the slopes from the valley in two directions of 50 cm. At the same time, this type of material is self-adhesive, so the crate under it is not treated with adhesives.
Lining material laid on the valley
On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses in the decoration of which the ventilated facade technology was used - from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
Then lay the coating on the overhangs along the eaves. At the same time, the vertical hanging shelf of the dropper is half covered. Next close roll material the remaining open area of the roof slope. Here are a few nuances:
the strips of the roofing carpet are laid on the already laid ones (on the eaves and on the valley) so that the horizontal joints are overlapped by 10 cm, vertical by 15;
galvanized nails are hammered into each laid strip in places of overlap, that is, the fastener caps must remain under the edge of the adjacent strip, the fastener pitch is 20-25 cm;
the strips of the lining carpet, which cover the main part of the slope, are laid perpendicular to the eaves and the roof ridge, starting from the bottom, rolling the roll up;
each strip is fixed around the perimeter with nails;
to increase the sealing of the joints, the edges of the strips are coated with bituminous mastic.
Laying lining material on the roof slope
After the roofing carpet is completely laid, the gable strips are mounted. They close the edges of the laid material along the slope and will subsequently prevent moisture from penetrating under it. Installation of slats is carried out in exactly the same way as in the case of cornice elements.
Now it is necessary to strengthen the waterproofing qualities of the valley, because this element is subjected to the greatest loads from rain and melting snow. For this, a valley carpet is used - material roll type, made on the basis of a rubber-bitumen composition, reinforced with a polyester mesh. It is matched to the color of bituminous tiles.
It is simply laid out on a valley, glued to the lining carpet with bituminous mastic, which is applied under the edges of the material 10 cm wide. An additionally laid strip is punched along the edges with roofing nails. The step between the fasteners is 20-25 cm, the indent from the edges of the strip is 3 cm.
Installation of bituminous tiles
The preparatory stage of the installation of roofing tiles is completed. You can go directly to laying the roofing material itself. The first operation at this stage is the installation of the starting tiles.
In principle, where to start laying (from the middle of the eaves or from the edge), there is no difference. But experts recommend that with long cornices, installation should begin from the middle. Thus, it is easier to level the starting strip horizontally.
What is the start line. This is the same ordinary tile, in which the petals are cut off. Although many manufacturers produce a universal element that covers the roof eaves and its ridge.
Laying the starting strip is carried out along the eaves, stepping back from the edge of the overhang 1.5-2 cm. At the same time, it must necessarily cover the gable strips with its edges. This item is a self-adhesive material. But it must be pierced with roofing nails in the corners and along the perimeter every 20 cm, stepping back from the edges of the strip 2-3 cm. smeared with bituminous mastic.
Installation of the starting strip
Installation of ordinary tiles
The main requirement for laying the first row of soft tiles is an indent from the lower edge of the lining carpet, equal to 1 cm. An important requirement is the correct nailing of the material. The fastener should not cut into the roofing material, it should press it against the crate. Therefore, it is impossible to nail strongly or do it obliquely.
At the same time, each bituminous tile is nailed with four nails. The place of clogging is 2.5 cm from the upper edges of the petals. This is done so that the nail heads remain under the soft tile roofing element laid on top. If the angle of inclination of the roof slope is more than 45 °, then the roofing material is pierced with six nails.
Now, with regard to the layout of ordinary tiles. It all depends on the model of the material used. For example:
the Jazz model is laid regardless of the location of the petals;
model "Trio", "Sanata" are mounted with an offset of half the petal.
Laying and fastening ordinary tiles
Valley design
First of all, a valley zone is formed into which nails cannot be hammered. This distance is 30 cm in each direction from the axis of the valley. This is the most vulnerable place, where the accumulation of water is always large. Therefore, it is forbidden to make any holes in this area.
But the tiles themselves are laid, closing the valley area with a small gap of 5 cm. Only in areas where nails cannot be used, they use bituminous mastic. Therefore, these areas are treated with it, applying a width of 10 cm, and the tiles are laid.
Decoration of the pediment
Here the technology is the same:
installation is carried out so that a gap of 1 cm remains from the edge of the laid plank to the roofing material;
flexible tiles are glued to the base and the metal strip with mastic and at the same time fastened with nails.
Connection to the pipe
Chimney, ventilation pipes- elements that are present on the roofs necessarily. Most dangerous area- this is the junction of these pipes with the roofing material, so it must be hermetically sealed.
To do this, make a pattern of valley material or sheet iron coated with protective paint. But first, the walls of the pipes are closed around the perimeter with sheet metal, which is attached to the pipes with self-tapping screws. The height of such a plinth should be 30 cm.
A strip 50 cm wide is cut out of the valley carpet. It is laid near the pipes so that it covers the plinth (30 cm) and the laid bituminous tiles (20 cm). The method of fastening the strip is bituminous mastic.
An important point. First, the lower side of the pipe is closed in this way (meaning the lower side along the slope), then the two side ones go to the bottom, and at the end the top side goes to the side ones.
Next, the tiles themselves are laid, smearing the laid valley material with mastic. On the sides of the pipe, the tiles are laid so that it does not reach 8 cm from the pipe. It remains only to mount the metal strips, which are installed so that a visor is formed above the pipe walls. Therefore, the shape of the slats is Z-shaped. A strobe is laid on the pipe, where the upper shelf of the element is sunk. The strips are attached to the pipe itself with self-tapping screws. After that, the strobe joint is filled with silicone sealant.
Closing the plinth with a valley carpet and shingles
Sealing roof penetrations
Small pipes, antennas create joints in the roofing pie through which water can penetrate under roof structure. When constructing a roof from soft tiles, these passages must also be taken into account. For their sealing use special rubber caps. They are laid so that they go 2 cm onto the laid tiles with their lower edge. A mark is made on the lining carpet where it is necessary to cut a through hole for the passage.
Cut a hole with a jigsaw.
With reverse side the cap is applied with bituminous mastic.
The cap is placed in place.
Fix it with roofing nails, punching around the perimeter.
A layer of mastic is applied on top of the skirt of the cap.
Carry out the installation of soft tiles.
The junction of the roofing material and the cap is filled with sealant, which is sprinkled with stone powder on top.
Skate decoration
To cover the roof ridge, a universal element is used, which was used as a starting strip. It is simply cut into three parts, each part is laid along the ridge across, hanging the edges from each slope, and nailed to the crate with roofing nails. The cut parts are laid from bottom to top along the inclined edge of the ridge with an overlap of 3 cm. In order for the cut parts to bend well along the ridge, it is recommended to warm them up a little with a building hair dryer.
How to close the ridge with soft tiles
To provide roof ventilation, special ridge elements, in the design of which there are slots or holes. Through the latter, there is an outflow of air from under the roof structure.
The ventilation element is installed along the ridge, fastened to the crate with nails, and then bituminous tiles are glued on top.
Video description
How to properly mount shingles on the roof in the video:
Video description
For errors in the installation of shingles, see the following video:
Conclusion on the topic
So, the roof of soft tiles is ready. No other operations are required. The main task of the manufacturer of works is to strictly follow the instructions that come with the roofing material. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that there are certain additions or changes in the ongoing technology for each model of tiles. They are also marked in the instructions.
The flexible tile is good because it can be laid by one person, even without an assistant. This is possible thanks to light weight parts called shingles, and small sizes. The largest dimension of the shingle is a length equal to one meter. Roofing from soft tiles, the laying technology of which we will consider in this article, is a fairly simple matter, if you strictly follow the instructions and recommendations of the manufacturer of the purchased bituminous tiles. The main thing during the construction of the roof is to prepare the most even surface on which soft tiles will be laid.
Rafters for a soft roof are made in the same way as for any other roofing material. But the crate needs a two-layer. The first layer - to give rigidity - is made of edged board. The second - to create a flat surface - is made of moisture-resistant plywood or OSB board. The device of a roof from a soft tile can be carried out differently. If the roof is made over a building where its insulation is not provided, then the nodes of the roofing "pie" will look like this: 
- Layer of soft tiles.
- Lining carpet.
- Moisture resistant plate OSB or plywood.
- Edged board trim.
- Rafter.
- Soft tiles.
- Lining carpet.
- OSB or plywood is waterproof.
- Cutting board.
- counter grating
- Waterproofing.
- Rafter.
- Insulation.
- Vapor barrier.
- Noise isolation or an additional layer of insulation.
- Sheathing for interior lining.
- Internal lining.
- Waterproofing.
- Counter-lattice.
- Plywood or OSB are waterproof.
- Lining material.
- Flexible tiles.
Instruments
To work with shingles, you need a fairly simple set of tools:- A hammer.
- Cord.
- Putty knife.
- Metal scissors.
- Roulette.
- Sealant gun.
- Roofing nails.
Laying technology, work procedure
By purchasing bituminous tiles, accessories and expendable materials, it is best to select them so that they are all from the same manufacturer. So it will be easier to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and the installation of a roof made of flexible tiles will not be as difficult as it seems at first glance. And the components of the roofing carpet will better "work" together.Lining carpet
Underlayment is recommended to be laid over the entire surface of the roof. But if the slope of the slope is more than 18 °, then there is an opportunity to save a little. With such slopes, the lining material can only be laid along the perimeter of the roof - along the eaves, along the ridge, along the ends of the slope, along the outer bends of the roof, around chimneys and ventilation outlets and in valleys.metal slats
A fully completed insulated roof eaves assembly will look something like this:
The drip bar is mounted directly on the rafter beams under the waterproofing layer. Its mission is to protect wooden structures(rafters and wind board) from condensate formed in the ventilation duct and flowing down waterproofing material down . After laying the lining material, fasteners for gutters are nailed to the eaves, in which these gutters are installed. Then, along the entire length of the eaves, a cornice strip is nailed so that its lower edge is inside the gutter. Thus, the water flowing from the roof is removed into the drainage system, without falling on the wooden structures of the crate and on plywood or OSB boards. If the roof is supposed to be “cold”, which means that there will be no waterproofing, then the drip bar is not needed. Gutter system also an optional element. Then you can only do cornice plank, which in such cases is sometimes also called a dropper. 
At the ends of the roof, on the gables, starting from the eaves, they impose an end or wind bar with an overlap of at least 20 mm. 
Alternatively, in the valleys, it is possible to lay not a valley carpet made of the same material as the shingles, but a metal valley. 
In nature, it will look something like this: 
Installation of flexible tiles
If there are valleys in the roof structure, then first you need to lay a valley carpet or mount a metal valley. After that, you can start laying the main sheet of the soft roof. The installation of bituminous tiles begins with the laying of the cornice row. For this, it is used eaves and ridge tiles. If it was not on sale at the time of purchase, you can use an ordinary one by cutting off the petals. When laying soft tiles, follow the recommendations or instructions from the manufacturer.. In the valley, shingles can be laid in different ways:
As a result, it will look something like this: 
Skate
Consider how you can make a ventilated ridge for a soft roof. His turn comes after the completion of laying the main sheet of shingles. In order for the air from the attic or from ventilation ducts of the insulated roof had the opportunity to escape into the atmosphere, when constructing the base, it is necessary to leave in the ridge knot the distance between opposite roof slopes within 200–300 mm.
And so that moisture from rain or snow does not get under the roof, this gap is closed with its “roof”. To do this, you can use ready-made ridge elements, for example, these: 
Fasten with screws or nails according to the manufacturer's recommendation: 
Or you can make a ventilated skate yourself, as shown in this video: It can be seen here that along the upper edge of the slopes, perpendicular to them, bars with a section of about 50x50 mm are nailed. The step of the bars is determined by the thickness of the plywood or OSB board so as to prevent the "roof" of the ridge from bending. The width of such a "roof" can be assigned independently, within reasonable limits. A protective ventilation mesh is attached to the ends of the bars so that debris, insects and small birds cannot get under ridge knot. Finally, elements of ridge-cornice and ordinary tiles are attached to sheets of plywood or OSB boards. The result is shown in the photo below. 
Alternatively, instead of a completely “breathing” ridge, you can make the roof solid with the installation of ventilation hoods: 
Subsequently, if the “power” of the ventilated ridge is not enough to ventilate the roof, special aerators can be placed on its surface, the attachment points of which are shown in the following video: On this, the roofing device can be considered complete.