Structural plaster - photo of walls and facades with structural plaster. Structural plaster application technology

Structural plasters are made on the basis of cement, lime, potassium silicate or latex. They are viscous mixtures containing various fillers: crumbs different types natural stone or wood fibers. As a solvent for such substances, ordinary water or a solvent is used. Structural plaster for internal works should be based on water, since it is completely safe for health and does not require time for weathering.

Structural plasters are divided into types depending on the size of the filler grains:

Fine-grained mixture - grains up to 1.5 mm.
Medium-grained - the size ranges from 1.5 to 2 mm.
Coarse-grained - from 2 to 3 mm.

Also, these mixtures differ in the type of filler and binder. As for the color scheme, they are all made in white, so colors are used for tinting.

Structural plasters are divided into types according to grain size

Advantages and disadvantages

If speak about positive aspects given finishing material, then the following stand out:

Versatility. Mixtures can be applied to internal or external surfaces made of bricks, various kinds and brands of concrete, wood, drywall and so on.
Strength. The coating resists various mechanical influences well.
Ease of maintenance. After drying and curing, the surface can be washed warm water and non-aggressive cleaning agents.
Temperature Range. Structural plasters withstand temperatures from -50 to +75 ⁰С.
Plastic. Thanks to this feature, it is easy to work with the material, and it is also possible to create relief patterns on the surface.
Porous structure. The presence of pores in dried surfaces provides ventilation for walls and ceilings, which significantly increases their service life.
No need for thorough preparation. Such mixtures perfectly mask cracks, potholes, swelling and other small defects.

The main disadvantage is the need to add color. In addition, some types of structural plasters are subject to vibration and ultraviolet rays.

Application area

Mixtures with large fraction fillers are most often used for finishing plinths and facades of buildings or separate parts indoor surfaces as design solutions. For the main work indoors, solutions with a fine fraction filler are used.

Silicate materials are well suited for concrete or shell walls, latex materials can be applied to any surface, provided that they have not been previously treated with a dispersion or water-based primer. Mineral mixtures are suitable for walls finished with plasters containing sand. Silicone compounds are versatile, so they can be applied to all types of surfaces inside and outside the home.

Structural material is used for interior and exterior work

Which plaster to choose

Key Performance Indicators this material depend on the type of binder on the basis of which it was made. Therefore, when choosing structural plaster, it is important first of all to pay attention to this point.

mineral

They are mixtures of Portland cement and lime. Supplied dry in paper bags, and diluted with plain water. This material does not emit toxic substances, and also has good ventilation. A few more benefits:

The plaster does not burn and does not support combustion.
It is relatively inexpensive.
Pathogenic fungi and mold do not live on such a coating.

The main disadvantage is the difficulty in work. The material must be thoroughly mixed, so you will have to purchase an electric drill with a mixer attachment. Coating requires finishing and poorly resistant to mechanical damage. The service life is only 10 years.

Acrylic

As the name implies, the main component in such mixtures is acrylic resin. Supplied in ready-made in plastic containers different volume.

Advantages:

resistance to mechanical stress;
no need for pre-priming;
elasticity;
health safety.

Acrylic decorative plaster

Disadvantages: poor resistance to ultraviolet rays and a tendency to accumulate static electricity, which causes a lot of dust to settle on the surface.

The average service life is approximately 15 years.

Silicone

Such plasters are made on the basis of polymer compounds. The most commonly used aqueous emulsion of potassium and sodium silicates. Supplied ready-made in plastic containers of various sizes.

The positives are:

a large margin of safety;
good ventilation;
resistance to water and ultraviolet rays;
long service life - up to 25 years.

The disadvantage is the high cost. In addition, such mixtures have their own specific and not very pleasant smell.

Important! You need to work with silicone plaster quickly, because it dries quickly. If you apply it to individual fragments of the wall, then after drying, their boundaries will be clearly visible.

Step-by-step instructions for applying structural plaster

To carry out this operation, you will need the following tools:

a container for preparing the mixture;
trowel, trowel, scraper;
wide and narrow spatulas made of rubber and stainless steel;
brushes, rollers, brushes, combs;
ladder and scaffolding;
electric drill and nozzle-mixer;
surface cleaning tools.

Material Tools

From the materials you will need the mixture itself, water for dilution, putty for sealing cracks, masking tape, plastic wrap and a primer.

Decorative structural plaster is applied in several stages:

Surface preparation. The old coating and all fasteners are removed from the walls. Then check the evenness of the surfaces with a level. If necessary, the walls are leveled and all defects are sealed with putty. Then close the surfaces of the floor and furniture plastic wrap, and the area of \u200b\u200bthe ceiling near the walls is sealed masking tape. At the end, the surface is treated with a primer and allowed to dry.
. The solution is collected on a spatula and applied to the wall, after which it is stretched over the surface with a trowel. A narrow spatula is used to form corners. Usually the mixtures dry out in a day, and it will take about 7 days to gain strength.
Final stage. In the end, you need to treat the wall with wax, if we are talking about internal surfaces, or with varnish for facades and plinth.

Stages of wall preparation and application of decorative composition

Basic application techniques

There are several techniques with which you can create various relief patterns:

spray. For this method you will need a broom and a stick. The broom is moistened in the solution, after which it is brought closer to the wall. A broom is hit with a stick, as a result of which the solution falls on the treated surface in small drops (see photo). The procedure is repeated 2 times with an interval of 8-10 hours.

Structural plaster application technique - spray

First of all, according to the usual method, a starting one is applied and left for a day to dry. After that, a second layer is applied with a spatula and stretched. Until he had time to grab, arbitrary lines are drawn with a trowel, forming a future pattern.

Using a trowel to create a relief pattern

Using a brush. It is necessary to repeat all the procedures that are listed in the previous method, only the pattern is applied not with a trowel, but with a brush with stiff bristles. After drying, the surface is treated with a soft brush.

Creating a relief pattern with a stiff brush

Roller stamping. To do this, you can use conventional paint, structural, rubber and foam rollers. The tool is used to process fresh plaster, and leave it to dry. To imitate grass stalks, it is necessary to wrap a regular roller with a thread and pass it over the surface.

Structural roller for drawing a pattern on plaster

Preparation of structural plaster

Do-it-yourself structural plaster is prepared from the following ingredients:

6 kg of dry putty;
200 g of glue;
filler in the form stone chips or flour, wood fiber (it is not necessary to add them, you can be content with those that are in dry putty).
2 liters of water.

The first step is to mix the putty with water, then add glue to the mixture and mix thoroughly. At the end, fillers are added, depending on their fraction, we get different drawings, for example, to simulate sandstone, grains of 0.3 mm are needed, and to create the effect of tree bark, 3 mm.

What the market offers

At the moment, the most popular plasters on the market are the following:

"Stone". The material is produced in Russia. With it, you can create a surface that resembles natural stone, limestone, and so on. Can be applied to concrete, drywall, wood and starting plaster. The coating dries in a day, and the full set of strength occurs in 10-14 days, depending on the humidity of the air.
"Bark beetle" ("Ceresit" ST 64). Marble chips are used as a filler. After drying, furrows form on the surface, imitating the results of the activity of the bark beetle. The material can be used on external and internal surfaces. Drying takes 24 hours, and curing takes 5-7 days.
"Bark beetle" ("Ceresit" ST 64)
« wet silk"(VGT). This plaster, after drying, imitates the texture of the fabric. It is used only on internal surfaces made of concrete or drywall. Requires adding color. Resists water well.
"Wet Silk" (VGT)
"Travertine" ("Derufa".). After drying, this material becomes similar to lime rock. Made on the basis acrylic resin. The main advantage is a large margin of safety. Dries in 9 hours, hardens in 3 days.
"Travertine" ("Derufa")
Encausto Fiorentino. This is a representative of the so-called Venetian plasters. After drying, it imitates the color and texture of marble. Can be used on any type of indoor and outdoor external surfaces. It dries pretty quickly - in about 2-3 hours, and after a day you can touch it.
"Encausto Fiorentino"
"Decor" ("AliMix"). Manufactured on cement base, supplied as a dry powder in paper bags. Can be used for interior and exterior finish. Seizes in 2-3 hours, dries in a day.
"Decor" ("AliMix")
"Alpina Strukturpulz K15 Lamb" ("Alpina"). Scope - external and internal surfaces from concrete and brick. Can be applied to old paint.
"Alpina Strukturpulz K15 Lamb" ("Alpina")

Plastering with structural solutions is a simple procedure that you can do yourself, saving on the services of specialists. The main thing is to follow the above instructions and the manufacturer's advice.

Structural plaster for interior work has been known for a very long time. As a material for wall decoration, it was used several centuries ago. The classification of this type of coating is quite diverse. Such and ceilings are used indoors.

When considering the question of what structural plaster is, you should also take into account the possible need to use a finish such as wallpapering or painting. Different ones may have independent decorative value and do not require final finishing.

Classification of structural plaster by composition

On the market today, structural plaster is presented in a wide variety. The most popular are 4 classes, among them:

silicone;
mineral;
silicate;
polymeric.

Mineral is also called lime-sand, and polymer - acrylic. Cement acts as the main substance in mineral plaster, this mixture has a high vapor permeability, as well as good water absorption. The mixture, after drying, is subject to moderate contamination. Inorganic substances are used as a pigment.

Mineral-based plaster has low elasticity, but is resistant to ultraviolet rays. It has medium microbiological resistance and low abrasion resistance. Considering the benefits, you can consider that mineral structural plaster is resistant to atmospheric precipitation.

Description of acrylic, silicate and silicone plaster

Structural plaster for interior work can be acrylic, silicate and silicone. In the first variety, it acts as the main substance in the second and third - liquid glass and silicone resin respectively. As for the vapor capacity, acrylic plaster does not pass steam well, but the other two varieties are excellent.

Water absorption is low, silicate - medium, silicone - low. If you do not want to see pollution on the walls, then you should choose silicone plaster, it has a low susceptibility to pollution, like silicate. But acrylic has a high one. Pigments in last version can be inorganic and organic, like the silicone version. Concerning silicate plaster, then the pigment will be inorganic. High degree elasticity has acrylic or silicone plaster, medium elasticity - in the silicate variety of this decorative material.

Reviews about lime-sand plaster

Lime-sand structural plaster for interior work is often prepared with the addition of gypsum. This variety, according to buyers, is the most environmentally friendly. In terms of wear resistance, the layer will be inferior to competitors.

Buyers choose mineral plaster for finishing walls and ceilings in the bathroom, because such a surface after drying is not afraid of moisture. Consumers also like the democratic cost, because the components are based on low price. That's why lime-sand plaster the most common.

Reviews of polymer and silicone plaster

Polymer structural plaster for interior work has a high plasticity, which is very popular with customers. It is resistant to moisture and aggressive environments, durable and strong. But many consumers do not like that polymer blends have limited vapor permeability. As alternative solution you can choose a silicone compound that can be applied over old coatings.

Customers report that they like this finish due to its resistance to sunshine. Among other things, the walls and ceiling will not attract dust and will show self-cleaning qualities. This is explained by the fact that water and dirt are collected in drops, and then flow down from a non-wetted surface, which is important for rooms with high pollution. Attracts silicone plaster consumers also long term operation. It comes in a convenient ready mixes, due to this, the application does not involve efforts on the part of the master. However, silicone compounds are quite expensive, which sometimes limits their distribution.

Feedback on silicate structural plasters

Looking at the review of structural plaster for interior work, you can understand that the silicate variety is resistant to mold fungi and putrefactive formations. Consumers like that the dried layer exhibits water-repellent characteristics.

Among the advantages it is worth highlighting fire safety and a wide variety of shades and tones. Consumers emphasize that silicate mixtures are phenomenal in terms of service life, because durability sometimes reaches 60 years. However, in terms of cost, this type of plaster is one of the most expensive.

Varieties of structural plasters for decorative qualities

Structural plaster for interior work, the types of which were described above in terms of composition, are also classified according to decorative properties. For example, on sale you can find mixtures interspersed with large particles. When applied with a trowel, the elements leave an uneven mark. The most common type of such a surface is the "bark beetle", which imitates wood damaged by insects.

Recreates a surface that mimics natural stone. The surface is uneven, which is very much in demand by designers. The most popular type of such coatings is "Graffito" or thin-layer. As a result, it is possible to obtain a surface that conveys the appearance:

moire silk fabric;
porcelain stoneware;
velvet;
wood;
natural leather.

With the help of textured plaster, you can hide the defects of the wall, before applying it is not required to carry out preparatory work. The main difference is that such structural decorative plaster can be applied to any surface, namely: plastic, wood, brick and concrete.

Description of flock plaster and composition based on marble chips

Structural plaster in interior decoration used quite often today. This should include flock plaster, which contains natural cellulose, mineral dyes and fillers, as well as silk fibers. In addition to the ability to create a highly artistic effect, the master will have the opportunity to form a breathable layer that perfectly soundproofs the room and allows you to keep it warm.

You can achieve a very durable structural coating if you apply plaster based on marble chips. The composition may be marble or granite granules. The dimensions of the elements can be different, depending on which the appearance is modified. In the role of additional additives, quartz particles or additives are sometimes used to obtain the effect of golden shimmer. This coating is frost-resistant, not afraid sun rays, does not fade, perfectly resists mechanical damage.

This plaster in the interior allows you to replace ordinary wallpaper which is especially true for owners who have pets in their homes. Before application, the surface is primed, otherwise the base will shine through.

Application technology: preparation

Such a finishing material as structural plaster, application (you must study the description of all stages of the process before starting work) requires preparation. The walls should be leveled, made smooth, and then covered primer composition. It's better to use a mixture deep penetration, but at the same time it is necessary to dry the wall well. Experts recommend using acrylic primer. To give maximum strength to the base, it is necessary to strengthen it using special compounds.

Work methodology

Structural plaster can be applied in several layers. A small portion of the mixture is collected on a spatula and evenly distributed over the trowel. After the tool is attached to the wall to apply the composition at an angle of 30 °. You can use a traditional one for leveling. Instead, an ordinary sponge is sometimes used. Finally, they pass over the surface with a spatula, thanks to which it is possible to smooth out sharp corners.

Structural plaster for interior work, reviews of which you could read above, can take almost any form. For this, it is recommended to use different instruments. Among them should be highlighted:

notched trowel;
embossed roller;
brush;
simple spatula.

If you use a regular roller, then you will transfer the finished pattern to the surface. You can find a roller with an applied ornament that will make the job easier. This will minimize the cost of finishing material.

Price

Structural plaster for interior work, the price of which can be very different, was described above. When choosing plaster of the Shagreen brand, you will have to pay 49 rubles. per kilogram. The consumption of this material per 1 m 2 will be approximately 2.5 kg. Decorative plaster "Bark beetle" is somewhat more expensive - 59 rubles. per kilogram, and the consumption will be 3.8 kg / m 2.

There are many ways to decorate a house, but recently decorative plasters have become more and more popular. They are very diverse, allow you to create walls and ceilings that are unique in appearance. different types give different effects, plus applying decorative plaster can also be different. As a result - a huge number of variations for any interior in any style.

Types of decorative plaster

Decorative plaster - a marvelous interior decoration

Decorative plaster is used for finishing walls and ceilings indoors, facades of buildings. The basis can be various substances both natural (gypsum, cement, marble dust) and artificial (acrylic, silicone, silicate) origin. It is called so because it forms an externally attractive surface with a different texture - from smooth like marble Venetian plaster to embossed stone or "under a fur coat". The number of options is endless - applying decorative plaster is a creative process and it is unlikely that it will be possible to repeat it exactly. This is another plus of this type of finish.

By the type of surface formed, the following types of decorative plaster are distinguished:

Embossed. After applying such compositions, some kind of heterogeneity and irregularities are often formed on the surface, that is, they create a relief. Their plus is the low requirements for the preparation of the base. It must be strong and must not crumble. There should also be no significant differences, but perfect smoothness is not required.
Smooth. In this category, there is only one subspecies - Venetian plaster, but they allow you to create surfaces with different appearances. It is a plastic mass, often translucent. It contains dust of marble, malachite and other natural materials. It can be used to imitate marble, cork, leather, silk, precious woods, different metals, finishing with malachite, granite.

It must be said right away that textured and plastic plasters are often difficult to separate, since they can be used different techniques on the same composition. The photo below shows options for only one type of plaster - different techniques for applying decorative plaster make it possible to obtain surfaces that are very different in appearance.

Some decorative plasters are so plastic that they can be used to create work of fiction. It turns out very beautiful and original panels.

A few touches...

By changing the application of decorative plaster, all these various reliefs are obtained - from simple to complex.

It is worth considering further dividing them by area of application. There are two large groups - for outdoor and indoor work. There are also universal compositions, but rarely. Almost all the compositions discussed above are for internal work. These are more interior solutions. Some are abrasion resistant, some are washable detergents and even brushes, but they will not withstand harsh outdoor conditions.

Some types of textured plaster are suitable for outdoor use - bark beetle, for example. This type of finishing material just belongs to the universal. It can be seen on the facade, indoors. In apartments, these are usually corridors and, in offices and institutions, corridors or service rooms can be finished in this way.

An example of decorating a house with decorative plaster outside: stone plaster on the basement, above - on the walls - bark beetle

Putties for outdoor use generally have a rougher structure, contain components that increase resistance to ultraviolet radiation and other climatic influences. In this category there are specific plasters - stone. They are made up of small pieces. natural stones in a binder solution. The application of this type of decorative plaster is simple with a spatula or a stainless grater. Other elements are rarely used. On facades and fences, the creation of reliefs is not best idea- dust will clog and spoil the appearance, and it is not easy to wash it out.

Surface preparation

For different types of decorative plaster is required varying degrees surface preparation. But we can definitely say that it is necessary to remove everything that can fall off. The surface must be strong, dry and clean, must not crumble. Also a mandatory step is a primer. And not by any composition, but by a special one that creates rough coating. It increases adhesion (adhesion).

For relief (structural and textured)

Under all relief, you can not especially level the walls or ceiling. The composition is applied in a fairly decent layer - up to 1 cm, so it hides differences up to 8-9 mm. But, in order to reduce the consumption of an expensive composition, it is still recommended to remove large irregularities. The protrusions are cut off, the pits are covered with suitable plaster. The next step is to apply a primer. After drying, you can start applying decorative plaster.

Structural plaster is usually applied in two layers. The first - basic - is laid evenly and dried. The layer thickness is indicated by the manufacturer, usually set with some tolerance. This layer also serves as a leveling layer, but again, in order to reduce costs, it is better to pre-level the surface. The second layer is already applied a little thinner, and a relief begins to form on it.

But not all structural plasters are two-layer. On many, you can form a relief immediately after application, without a base layer. Usually the recommended layer in this case is somewhat thicker.

Under Venetian plaster

The compositions of this group require ideal flat surface. Not as smooth as for painting, but almost the same. Small differences are allowed - no more than 2-3 mm per square meter. standard - first, a layer of plaster (ordinary) is applied to the walls, a paint grid is embedded in it. After drying, a leveling layer is applied - to a perfectly even state. Next - a primer, and after the drying of this layer - the application of Venetian plaster.

Application techniques

It is impossible to talk about each method of applying decorative plaster - there are a lot of different details and nuances. The simplest case is with textured plasters. They are simply applied with a spatula. The whole difference is in the direction of movement of the spatula, in the depths of the beards that leave inclusions, and in color. But this is in the base version. No one bothers to experiment on these compositions. Another thing is that the structural effect of the same actions is more impressive - more plastic compositions.

What can be used to create a decorative effect

Applying decorative plaster is possible with many tools and conventional household materials and devices made from them:

Trowels and graters made of metal. They are used not only for applying the composition in an even layer, but also for forming geometrically chaotic patterns on it.
Construction graters made of plastic, polystyrene. They level out the freshly formed overly protruding relief.
Sandpaper with fine grain. Also for leveling the relief, but on already dried material. When compared with the previous method, the effects are different.
Foam sponges. They are multifunctional. They can:
Cellophane films and bags. Also a multifunctional tool:
- Spreading a thin soft plastic film on freshly applied decorative plaster, you can form a relief with your hands. It can be some kind of abstraction or something with some motives. When the relief is ready, the film is carefully removed, the relief is left to dry.
- Crumpled paper is wrapped in cling film. Get a simple but effective tool for the formation of a heterogeneous and chaotic pattern. You can use different application techniques - circular movements, short “pokes”, waves, strokes, comets, tails, etc.
- Just crumpling the cellophane, but already more rigid and “poking” it into the plaster, we get a surface that is somewhat reminiscent of the moon.
Rollers. Ordinary foam rubber or fur rollers are used, as well as special ones with some kind of pattern. Regular ones are used to create a basic relief, on top of which more pronounced strokes are then applied. The type and shape of the "basic" relief depend on the length of the pile. When rolling with a foam roller, small protrusions-cavities are obtained. When rolling hairy - more pronounced. How longer pile, the greater the difference.
Different rollers - different surfaces
Hands in rubber gloves. any pattern can be made. The task is to repeat more or less similar on the rest of the plane.
Brushes. You can get stripes, waves and a bunch of other options appearance.

Principles of relief formation

Decorative plaster is attractive because it allows you to create a unique pattern - you can use your own imagination. To make this drawing look harmonious, you need to know some general rules. At good producers in the description of each composition there are rules for working with it. It describes the procedure, methods of application, methods of forming decorative surfaces.

A simple way - rolling with a roller with a pattern formed on it

Large firms (manufacturers or shopping centers) hold master classes, where everyone can try to work with a specific decorative plaster, which is also provided there, and not experiment “on the spot”. Therefore, before buying, be sure to read the entire available material, watch the videos, which are also often available, and in in large numbers There are really many ways to work. Describing in words is difficult and often incomprehensible. Much easier to do everything in video format. We will try to briefly summarize the techniques.

- When working with structural plasters dyed in mass (the color is added to the composition), a thin layer is first applied. base layer. It can be smooth, maybe - slightly textured - rolled by one of the rollers. This layer is allowed to dry (6-24 hours depending on the manufacturer). Then, one of the reliefs is formed with the same or clarified composition (an uncolored composition is added, obtaining a mass several tones lighter). Further options:
  - - Immediately after formation, while the plaster has not dried, the parts that are too protruding are lightly smoothed with a stainless or plastic trowel.
  - Wait until the layer dries. sandpaper attached to a holder or wooden block, clean off some part of the relief.
- When working with textured plasters, one layer is applied. Without waiting for drying, they immediately take the grout and form the desired relief. An example is working with bark beetle plaster. This composition is widespread, but basically all surfaces are made the same - with vertical strokes formed by inclusions. There are some very interesting techniques in the video.

The most difficult technique for applying Venetian plaster. The layers are very thin, translucent, there are many of them and are applied in different ways:
- - An even, thin base coat is applied first. He dries up.
  - Thin chaotic strokes are applied, which gradually fill the surface. This results in some, not very pronounced relief - different thickness smears are obtained, different directions.
  - The layer is left to dry for 4-5 hours.
  - They take a large stainless spatula or grater and rub (iron) the surface. In this case, the sharp edges are slightly erased, the surface becomes smooth in places, in places it looks velvety. The "marble effect" begins to appear.
  - The next layer is almost the same, but you just need to level the surface as much as possible.
  - The layer is left to dry for 1.5-2 hours.
  - Smooth down with a smooth, burr-free spatula with rounded ends (so as not to accidentally damage). At this stage, the surface acquires a glossy sheen.
  - The final stage is the coating with decorative wax. This layer increases the moisture resistance of the coating, the glossy sheen becomes more pronounced.

Applying decorative plaster: video tutorials

Not all nuances finishing works can be clearly described in words. Previously, everything was passed from the master to the students with the help of an internship. Modern technologies allow you to make the process more massive - video tutorials and master classes give an idea of how to move, which is very difficult to describe in words. This section contains several interesting ideas for decorating walls with embossed plaster.

As you understand, applying decorative plaster is a creative matter. But without experience, it is difficult to imagine what results one or another of your actions will lead to. We look carefully, we try to copy the movements. First, it is advisable to practice on a piece of puttied drywall - to work out the technique. When the result suits you, you can start decorating the walls.

Structural plaster has a number of features and advantages over other building materials used for interior decoration. It is applied to any surface: concrete and brick, drywall and wood, etc.

The surface on which there is a lining is very resistant to damage. mechanical impact, such as: blows, cracks, scratches, etc. In addition, such plasters are also able to withstand various temperature changes, from minus fifty to seventy-five degrees! But this plays an important role in the areas in which they can be applied.

Due to the fact that there are micropores in the decorative structural plaster, the most favorable microclimate is provided indoors.

Structural types of plasters are highly plastic, which is why any, even the most complex texture, can be reproduced on ceilings and walls. And if you do redecorating istokexpert.ru/remont/ indoors, it can be easily repainted with a different shade or color.

Such coatings are easy to care for. After all, they do not let moisture through. And this means that you can safely do wet cleaning, while applying special means from household chemicals.

Application of structural plaster

First you need to prepare the surfaces by removing dirt, dust, etc. from them. Next, eliminate the flaws and defects, this applies to cracks or potholes. Of course, if very subtle irregularities remain on the wall, this is not scary. After all, structural plaster is able to hide them. Therefore, it is quite easy and simple to do all the work to eliminate defects with your own hands.

After that, the surface must be primed. And in order for the facing material to cling to the base as efficiently as possible, you need to take a special, deep penetration primer. If we talk about walls made of wood, then for it the primer should be mineral.

To make the work more reliable, after the primer has completely dried, an additional layer of primer paint is applied. With the help of it, the joints at which the sheet bases (from gypsum board, chipboard, etc.) are connected to each other will be even more reinforced.

After carrying out the above work, you should prepare plaster mixture. This is done strictly according to the instructions indicated on the packaging of the material.

It is necessary to thoroughly mix the dry mixture with water using a special construction mixer, or a drill, on which a special nozzle is put on. After this mixing, let the mixture stand for ten minutes, then stir again.

Structural plastering must be started with upper parts walls, if the ceiling is not covered with this material. If you apply the material to the outer parts of the corners, the plaster must be applied to both parts of each corner, and then finished with a corner trowel.

By spraying, you need to apply the first layer of plaster. It needs to be leveled and shaped cornices, corners. After this layer has set, apply a second layer, smoothing it immediately.

When this layer is already a little seized, use rollers to make various reliefs and any texture. But with a notched trowel you can smooth the surface by applying drawings geometric shapes or just circular. To do this, you can use sponges and brushes.

The desired texture is also made if you choose a material with a certain content. For example, from the popular types of structural plaster, bark beetle, the grains are two millimeters, but to make the effect of tree bark, you need to take a material in which the filler is three millimeters. Accordingly, your interior will be the most unique!

When the pattern was applied to the surface with plaster, let it stand for eight hours, but for it to completely harden and harden, it will take two days. After that, you need to sand the combs and remove dust with a damp sponge.

Usually, texture types plasters - on sale exactly white color. To give a different color, a separately purchased dye is added to it. It is advisable to buy it from the same company as the plaster.

So that you won't be disappointed colors, try to apply the material on a very small area.

In addition, you can paint the surface after it hardens. Using a rubber sponge, you can create smooth transitions. And dry surfaces are covered with wax. Look at the selection of photos of structural plaster, how diverse are the ways of decorating interiors with this material!

Structural plaster - 25 photos

Structural plasters are now widely used for cladding interior and exterior walls. Why? They are durable and attractive, the technique of working with it is simple and, if desired, do-it-yourself structural plaster is applied.

Material Features

The basis of the material is mineral or polymeric binders and various aggregates - sand, granules, crumbs, flour, natural and synthetic fibers.

Classification

The texture of the surface depends on the fractionation of the filler. Sandstone imitation creates a grain size of 0.3 mm, the texture of the raw stone is obtained using plaster with grains of 1.5 mm. implies the use of a filler with a size of at least 2 mm, and if you want to achieve the effect of a tree bark, you will need a material with a filler size of 3 mm.

Both smooth and rough. Under smooth wall cladding, you need to prepare more carefully, since it cannot completely hide surface defects.

In the photo, various textures of plaster

Advantages

Structural plaster cladding has a number of significant advantages over traditional views coatings.

It is applied on all types of surfaces: brick, stone, concrete, drywall, wood, metal.
Hides surface imperfections.
Has significant resistance to mechanical types damage: bumps, scratches, chips.
Waterproof. walls are easy to clean without loss of appearance and strength. In this case, you can use any household chemicals that do not contain a solvent.
Withstands temperature extremes from -50 ° C to +75 ° C, this significantly expands the scope of this.
Has high rates of plasticity and elasticity. Therefore, textures of any complexity can be recreated on the surfaces of walls, ceilings, columns.
The lining is microporous. Due to this, structural plasters breathe, which favorably affects the microclimate. interior spaces buildings.
It has a significant service life.
Can be freely repainted during cosmetic repairs.

Application technology

A thin layer of coating can be applied with a trowel (price - from 150 rubles)

At the first stage, the surface is cleaned of contaminants, potholes and cracks are sealed. It is not necessary to achieve an absolutely flat plane; structural plasters mask small flaws well.

Work instructions:

Preparation of walls under, unlike other types decorative coatings, does not require surface puttying. It is important that they are strong, visually even and dry.

The cleaned walls are primed. Do not spare deep penetration soil, it improves the adhesion of the cladding to the base. For all walls, in addition to wooden ones, ordinary soil is used. Wood requires a special mineral primer.

For safety, you can use an additional layer of primer paint. It is applied after the soil has completely dried. The paint will strengthen the butt joints characteristic of sheet bases - drywall, OSB, chipboard.

Prepare the plaster mix. Mix the dry mixture with water in the proportion indicated by the manufacturer in the instructions. Stir the mortar with a construction mixer or a drill with a nozzle, let the plaster stand for 10 minutes and mix again.

Start the main work from the ceiling or the top of the walls, if structural coating is not provided on the ceiling.

Apply the first layer of the mixture by spraying. Smooth it out, carefully work out the corners and cornices. After the spray has set, apply a second layer - a covering coat. Flatten it and let it grab, but not completely. The third step is to grind the plaster.

In the described sequence, recesses, niches. On the bottom of the walls, the cladding is applied last.

If it is planned to arrange a thin layer of coating, work with a spatula or trowel. The movements must be performed in cross directions, the ridges that protrude from under the tool will form a pattern.

Dry the plastered surfaces for 6-8 hours. It will take 24-48 hours for the coating to fully cure. After that, sand the combs, remove dust and dirt with a dampened sponge.

Important Points

In most cases, structural plasters are sold unpainted - white. The color of the coating can be given in two ways. Get a dye (preferably from the same manufacturer as the plasters), add to the mixture and mix well.

The technology also allows the painting of surfaces after the hardening of the facing layer. To get color transitions, rub the dye with a rubber sponge. If you want to create the effect of an old coating, you can imitate scuffs with a slightly damp sponge made of foam rubber. When the painted surfaces are completely dry, they must be treated with protective wax.

Important! Structural plasters are difficult to remove from all types of surfaces, so you need to seal masking tape and plastic wrap all areas adjacent to the workplace.

Pay close attention to processing outside corners. Apply the plaster first on both sides of the corner, then finish it with an angle trowel or by installing an external metal profile.

A slightly set coating can be given a different . What is good about structural plaster - its application technology allows you to get a wide variety of effects and textures. You can roll it with relief rollers, smooth it with a notched trowel, create circular and curvilinear patterns using sponges, washcloths, pieces of polyethylene, brushes.

Summing up

We hope our material was useful to you. It remains for us to wish you good luck and invite you to watch the video in this article.

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