Description of the balcony Loggia - what is it? Types of balconies and loggias. use of the loggia. Finishing the loggia inside (photo). Frameless balcony glazing

To date, there are different kinds balcony glazing. Based on the fact that the glazing of loggias and balconies is done once for many years, you should thoroughly study all the little things in order to correctly select the type of glazing that you need and monitor the quality of the work carried out by specialists when glazing loggias and balconies.

Traditionally for glazing balconies and loggias are offered various options glazing are sliding and hinged systems.

This option of glazing balconies and loggias allows you to effectively solve the problem of heat conservation. You should be aware that heat "leaks" through windows in two directions: through cracks and through glass.

According to experts, the choice of material from which the box and frames are constructed does not have a significant effect on heat transfer. Of course, the heat transfer coefficient of wood and metal has a significant difference, but total area the surface that the box and frames “cover” is insignificant in comparison with the glazing area. Based on this, according to the criterion of thermal protection, the quality of the frames is not determined by the material itself, it is determined by the quality of their direct manufacture, the accuracy of the "fit", which as a result will lead to the absence of cracks.

In this option, only factory frames should be used. They are perfectly fitted to the box, as a rule, it is not possible to visually detect cracks. It remains to solve only one nuance - the "exit" of heat through the glass.

In practice balcony glazing double-glazed windows are not usually used. This is due to the fact that the frames are very massive and quite expensive. Therefore, either double frames or frames with double glass are mounted.

But still, the box and frames turn out to be very bulky and when installed on the balcony railing, they do not look very nice.

Application of metal frames

The metal structure is attached to the balcony by welding. Glasses have rounded shape, edged rubber seal. The construction is pretty solid.

When installing wooden frames nevertheless, it must be observed technological process installation of balcony frames - process seams and joints silicone sealant, mounting foam, strengthen the window sill and visor.

But there are significant drawbacks. Since the metal has poor resistance to corrosion, it must be monitored, that is, periodically cleaned and painted, and this leads to some waste. Money. In this case, locking devices very often fail. Because of this, some companies that are engaged in glazing loggias and balconies immediately mount ordinary bolts instead of standard locking devices.

Besides, this species glazing “holds” heat worse and has the lowest ratio of glass area to the area of ​​the entire glazing structure. It has a spectacular external appearance, but the view from the inside is less aesthetic. TO positive properties This type of glazing can be attributed to a relatively small cost.

So, the above types of glazing can be attributed to standard options. Now let's look at the most modern and more aesthetic types of glazing, which are used both for loggias and balconies.

Aluminum profile for glazing

Glazing of balconies and loggias using an aluminum profile has become widespread today.

The advantages of this material include:

• high strength (7 times stronger than wood);
• high fire safety;
• excellent resistance to mechanical influences and impact environment;
• aesthetic appearance.

There is a sliding (sliding) and swing design. glaze the balcony hinged design much more difficult, moreover, it is necessary to use more expensive components. Based on this, glazing will turn out to be twice as expensive as compared to a sliding structure. The quality of glazing will largely depend on the quality of installation and profile (its design advantages).

Loggias and balconies, which are glazed with aluminum profiles, transmit light well and are able to protect the balcony from precipitation and wind. Already in early spring, on a sunny day, the temperature on the loggia will allow you to bring seedlings and indoor flowers to it, and in summer time, for example, grow good harvest tomatoes.

The profile has a small width and a wide range of colors.

Variety of aluminum profile systems

Consider the two most common systems for glazing loggias and balconies: the Spanish Provedal and the Vidnovsky profile. The differences between these two systems are the design features of the components (locks, rollers, seals, handles).

Provedal only uses ball bearing rollers to guarantee a long service life and a noticeably smooth ride. The Vidnov system uses rollers without bearings. This, of course, complicates the movement of the valves, which entails their rapid wear and jamming.

The locks in the Provedal system are provided by the designers, they are very easy to use, easy to open and close from the inside, do not allow the sash to be opened from the outside. At the same time, these locks are quite organically inscribed in the design. The Vidnovskaya system does not provide for locks in its design.

In Provedal, the seal is made of a special grade of rubber, which does not wear out over time, is resistant to the environment (does not break down from frost and does not emit bad smell at high temperature on the street).

To disadvantages sliding structures, in addition to poor thermal insulation of a loggia or balcony, it can be attributed to the fact that the lower guide (carrier) is poorly protected from precipitation. The Vidnov system does not even provide openings for the possibility of bringing water out, because of this, the movement of the valves is sometimes difficult.

Of course, the use of conventional, and not reinforced or tempered glass can lead to very disastrous consequences if natural disasters etc. However, reinforced and tempered glass, due to its high cost, is used in their production by no more than 1% of domestic manufacturers.

PVC profile for glazing

PVC windows have an excellent reputation. But for glazing balconies, PVC frames are quite bulky. Based on this, manufacturers make special frames for balconies. As a rule, they are sliding - do not have all the advantages window frames PVC.

Of course, if you wish, you can turn the loggia into small room, while carrying out a whole range of thermal insulation measures. It makes sense to install a PVC thermal profile equipped with double glazing. Since PVC glazing frames are heavy, they can only be installed on a brick or concrete fence.

When planning the type and number plastic sashes it must be taken into account that the sashes that come off in a rotary way should have a small width so that in the open position they do not “pick up” the already not very large area balcony.

The opening sash must be located in such a way that it is possible to wash without danger to health. outer surface blind sash. It should also be taken into account that the total number of plastic opening sashes significantly increases the cost of the entire glazing structure.

Bring at least estimated cost one square meter of PVC balcony glazing is quite difficult, as the price fluctuates over a very wide range.

Frameless balcony glazing

Frameless glazing scheme - 1. Top cover; 2. upper tide; 3. System of double row rollers on ball bearings; 4. Top aluminum (bearing) profile; 5. Top brush seal; 6. Top glass profile; 7. Tempered glass; 8. Bottom glass profile; 9. Bottom silicone seal; 10. Lower aluminum (guide) profile; 11. Lower ebb; 12. Lower barrier

Frameless balcony glazing designs are the most progressive type today. They look like solid glass wall, because they do not have uprights, no frames. They do not destroy the architectural design in elite and old buildings and do not exacerbate the diversity of the facade of an ordinary high-rise building.

The basis of the design is aluminum profile, which goes along the perimeter of the opening of the loggia or balcony. The lower and upper profiles serve as guides for all-glass sashes. Moreover, the profile, which is located at the top, is the carrier. A roller mechanism carrying the sash moves along the two shelves built into it.

Particularly strong glass is used for the sashes. As a rule, this is tempered boron glass, which has a grade M 6 and a thickness of 6 mm. The maximum permitted height of these sashes is no more than 210 cm. If higher sashes are required, glass with a thickness of 8 mm is used, due to the increase in the windage of the sash. This is especially true when glazing a loggia or balcony on the upper floors. multi-storey buildings where they will experience high wind loads.

https://youtu.be/yL5_OTqmXJ4

On the loggia, along its edges, the shifted doors will fold into their space. In this form, it is very convenient to wipe them, while remaining at a safe distance from the balcony railing.

The mechanisms of movement of the valves, with the help of ebbs, visors and water-repellent lubricants, are quite reliably protected from moisture ingress into them. However, the whole structure, by definition, is not particularly highly impermeable. Through small cracks on the loggia or balcony, street air can seep.

Once a year, you need to treat the guides and roller mechanisms with a silicone spray.

Owners of apartments with a balcony or loggia, as a rule, consider that they are very lucky. After all, they received additional space, which you can dispose of at your discretion. Of course, for some, this is just a place to store unnecessary things, but many are still more attracted by the opportunity to arrange a cozy place to relax or a full-fledged room here.

If you decide to build own house, you need to think about the need for a balcony and its shape at the design stage. This is due to the fact that, in accordance with the concept of modern architecture, it is necessary to ensure that the shape of the balconies fully matches the structure and even complement the intended image of the house with them.

Varieties of balcony structures

There are several types of balconies with structural differences.

• Console on beams. Such designs are typical for old residential buildings. Reinforced concrete or metal cantilever beams that support the base slab must be embedded deep into the wall. In this case, the embedment depth cannot be less than half a meter. Quite often, such a design can be found on high-rise buildings.
• Cantilevered on a reinforced concrete slab. This design differs from the previous version in the type of base plate. In this case, we are talking about another plate - cantilevered, which is protected from below. As a rule, it is installed in brick structures. As for walls made of aerated concrete or ceramic blocks, they will not cope with too much weight of the structure, so this option will not suit them.

For reference!

Cantilever structures can be installed at any height, since their device does not require auxiliary support posts.

• External supports. Such a balcony can be quite large, as it is additionally supported either by brackets or columns. The use of columns has clear restrictions - the balcony should be on the first, in extreme cases, the second floor. There is always a risk that such supports may sink unevenly, and as a result, the structure may bend.

Today, three new types of such structures have appeared that are installed on the finished structure.

• Attached. Balconies are located on the facade finished building and fastened with side supports. To reduce the load on the walls, face posts are installed, based on their own point foundation. Thus, during construction attached structure it is necessary to have a free area under the balcony, which will be used for the construction of this foundation.
• Attached. , for which the front racks serve as a support, are mounted on the supporting consoles. This option is considered the most convenient not only in terms of execution, but also in terms of cost.

• Mounted. The balcony is "hung" on the facade of the building, fixing it on special fasteners, pins, embedded in outer wall. It does not require free space to install.
• . This is a design small size. In fact, you can only go out to such a site, and besides, how to get some air, you can’t do anything on such a small site. The railing of a classic French balcony is installed directly in front of the doorway.

Traditional and unusual balcony shapes

Facade design modern houses quite varied. And in this a significant role is played by various configurations of balconies. As a rule, their choice is associated with the architectural series of the building. It should be noted that different configuration options can be presented in one series. Their functionality depends on the form.

• The most common form is a standard six-meter rectangle, which is not very wide. In some projects, it has two exits, for example, from the living room and the kitchen. When designing a balcony room in this case, you can achieve the maximum effect by dividing it with a partition.
• In addition to six-meter structures rectangular shape, longer ones are also popular: seven, nine, or even ten meters. Such dimensions will already allow the use of the balcony area for living space. If, moreover, it is properly insulated, equipping a warm floor will turn out to be a cozy living room.
• The semicircular exit is often called "French". For many owners, it remains a mystery whether it can be used to good use or, in general, something can be placed there. But really for those who are looking exclusive solutions for the design of a room adjacent to it, this form will be a real find. If you manage to combine them, then you can use the resulting bay window niche, for example, under a small island for relaxation.

• Another configuration option with a rounded end wall in the hands of a skilled designer can become interesting element interior.
• Facades of apartment buildings panel houses often decorated with exits L-shaped, because it is no coincidence that they are called "boot". For many owners, this configuration is difficult to design. However, in reality, it gives a lot of opportunities.

This form can be used for almost any functional solution. It can fit under the office, rest room or mini-gym. On the protruding part of the structure, you can also create a beautiful greenhouse.

Current trends in the field building design led to the fact that the balcony has long ceased to be a technical area for junk and forgotten ski poles. Competent repair solutions can make a balcony interesting place for recreation, where you can spend your free time. A warm and beautiful balcony will add comfort and space to your home. It all depends on your means and imagination, it can be both beautiful and modest French balconies, as well as lush and expensive Italian ones. Let's try to understand the types and features of balconies based on products from Vikna Online - a manufacturing company plastic windows ().

A balcony is a platform that protrudes from the facade of a building for some distance. How it will look, and what functionality it will have, is up to its owner to decide.

Types of balconies

Balconies can be classified into different categories.

By openness

There are two types of balconies - closed and open. open balconies do not glaze, and closed, in turn, can be warm and cold, depending on what temperature you want to maintain on the coldest days.

By design features

In this category, three types of balcony structures can be classified: on cantilever beams or reinforced concrete slabs (mainly in old buildings), balconies with external supports (usually they are columns, used for the first two floors), as well as loggias that do not have protrusions outside the facade of the building and are part of the room.

Modern technologies allow the installation of ready-made balcony structures to the building, even in those places where they were not planned by the project of the house. Attached and attached structures suggest the presence of a free area under the future balcony and, preferably, the floor is not higher than the second. Hinged balconies are mounted on special fasteners that are hung on the facade of the building.

By national origin

The French balcony is the most widespread in our country. Initially, this type assumes a very narrow design, in which it is very problematic for even one person to fit on it. However, over time, under the understanding french balcony more and more the construction of double-glazed windows is assumed. The transparent design will add not only light to the apartment, but also the elegance and sophistication inherent in France. Double-glazed windows can be chosen both transparent and tinted. With the choice of tinted glass, it is better to be careful, avoiding intrusive colors, because over time they can become boring and annoying. An authentic "Frenchman" can sometimes be found in very old Soviet houses, but apart from decoration, it does not carry any other purpose.

American balconies are different large sizes. The width and length are so great that sometimes there is more space than in many "Khrushchev", therefore, in domestic realities such designs are not widely used.

Italian balconies stand out for their diversity and splendor, as if taking us to different architectural eras. An abundance of various bas-reliefs, forged figures, railings and columns make a real work of art out of an ordinary boring balcony, but serious financial investments will be needed to achieve such a result.

Spanish designs perform complete opposite Italian. Their distinguishing feature is conciseness and simple (rectangular or square) shapes. It is desirable to dilute such asceticism with flower arrangements. Such a decision will beautiful view for very little money.

It can be concluded that, regardless of the design and age of the building, a solution to the balcony issue can always be found. Modern technologies will allow you to achieve the desired result without a strong blow to the wallet, and a competent approach to finishing and design solutions will make this area not only functional and comfortable, but also very beautiful and aesthetic. In order to avoid problems in installation and operation, it is better to entrust this issue to specialists. Professional approach saves you a lot of time, effort and money.

Most are currently thinking about holding. In fact, this is a rather wise decision, since such a step will help to significantly increase the overall usable area apartments or houses. And besides, it will protect the room from the penetration of cold and drafts. At this stage, before making a final decision, it is necessary to understand what types of glazing of balconies and loggias are. IN total All options can be divided into the following groups:

1. Depending on the type of construction: warm and cold glazing.
2. Considering the materials used: wood, aluminum and plastic.
3. And also, a separate type, frameless glazing can be noted.

Types of glazing of balconies and loggias by type of construction

As mentioned earlier, according to the type of construction, glazing can be divided into cold and warm, let's take a closer look at the features of each of them.

cold glazing

For the most part, balconies and loggias, furnished in in public places, play the role of a place that provides an influx fresh air into the room. Therefore, cold glazing is often used. This method is distinguished by a rather long operating period, and in addition, high strength indicators. Therefore, it has found its application in residential apartments and houses.

This option is suitable if the question temperature regime on the balcony is not so important, and exploit it in winter time not expected.

In particular, this type of glazing is most often made of aluminum profiles. Aluminum itself copes quite well with all the tasks assigned to it. Well interferes with penetration of drafts, dust, dirt and moisture. When using cold glazing, it guarantees the most comfortable microclimate in all rooms. In addition, such glazing is as light as possible, which allows you to mount systems on the balconies of old houses, even without additional strengthening of the parapet. Direct installation is carried out in just one day.

Warm glazing

This type of glazing is preferred if it is necessary to maintain the temperature on the balcony. In particular, when deciding to create an additional cozy corner which will be operated all year round. And such a solution is not uncommon, since quite often the balcony is used as work zone, or for arranging a small winter garden.

For the most part, they are used as warm glazing plastic windows, which are able to provide full-fledged tightness of the room. Which in turn allows you not to worry about the penetration of cold, moisture, dust or noise.

In addition, the systems have a rather attractive appearance, and go well with any interior solution. Thus, each window will please with its practicality and beauty.

It should also be noted that the cost of such systems is much higher, but at the same time, it must be taken into account that they pay for themselves with significant savings in heating, as well as with a service life that reaches 50 years. Besides, plastic glazing does not require special care, unlike wood, for example. It will be enough to wash it with a damp cloth using detergent and all.

A little advice. When choosing, pay attention to the presence of a ventilation system, since its absence can lead to the formation of condensate, respectively, and the destruction of the structure.

Types of glazing of loggias and balconies depending on the material

The decision to glaze the balcony is already the beginning of the journey. But if you do not yet know what step to take next, we will tell you. Initially, you should decide on the choice of material from which the glazing of your balcony will be made.

To begin with, decide on the purpose and tasks that glazing should perform. In particular, decide on the type of construction, warm or cold.

1. If a balcony is needed only in warm weather, and the task of glazing in winter is only protection from drafts, dust and precipitation, then the cold option will be the most reasonable solution.
2. If it is necessary to expand the usable area and make an additional room, then warm glazing is needed here.

plastic frames

Considering the option using plastic, it should be noted that the material has a fairly high rate thermal insulation characteristics, which makes it the most suitable for warm glazing. This solution will keep the room temperature even on the most severe winter days. Note that the thermal conductivity of the walls, the quality of installation and many other factors become an important factor here. Therefore, only installing windows will not work. Otherwise, the external and internal temperatures will differ by 15-17 degrees, which is not enough in winter.

wooden frames

This option has been used for quite a long time. Among the main advantages of such glazing, the following should be noted:

1. Small weight of the structure
2. Absence synthetic materials in production.
3. And, of course, environmental friendliness.

But do not lose sight of the fact that such material requires special care, in addition, if not updated in a timely manner protective covering, then the material cracks, which adversely affects the tightness, and also the appearance.

aluminum frames

One of the most popular materials is aluminum. Such a solution will help create the most durable and durable balcony. The structures themselves are fire-resistant, resistant to corrosion, and in addition they have a rather beautiful appearance. In addition, in recent years there are a lot of models aluminum glazing from a number warm systems. This factor allows you to use quite unique systems for both cold and warm glazing of balconies and loggias.

In addition, due to new production systems, aluminum profile windows are as tight as possible, which completely eliminates the penetration of moisture, drafts and noise onto the balcony.

Frameless glazing

Frameless balcony glazing is also becoming quite a popular option. Such a solution is usually based on an aluminum profile, which is provided throughout the balcony. For the most part, such a solution becomes cold, but at the same time, new technologies can be noticed on the market. window systems, which allow you to perform warm option of this kind.

But let's look at such a unique option in more detail. Since the frameless version is gaining more and more popularity. In total, the system uses a lot of variations of glass decoration, it can be used both completely transparent and tinted, matte, tempered and even colored. In addition, it should be noted the possibility of arranging sashes different kind, in particular:

1. Pendulum. This solution will allow you to open windows in any direction.
2. Swing. Standard solution, in this case window sashes open inwards.
3. And sliding, here the sashes simply move apart to the sides.

The main advantage of this solution is the maximum light transmission due to the large glass area. At the same time, in the case of using tinted glass or using another type, penetration can be completely excluded. sun rays or control it.

Advantages

1. The main advantage of this type of glazing is the absence of any restrictions on operational life, the creation of non-standard forms, such as a balcony. It should also be noted that this option is completely transparent, which complements the design of the house in general. Also hallmark becomes a mass of variations of the opening. The design can be shifted, opened like a book without any effort.
2. You can also note the use of tempered glass up to one centimeter thick, which ensures complete safety of use. Such glass will not only not be damaged by atmospheric action, but will not break during mechanical action. In addition, when damaged, fragments are not formed, but it simply crumbles into small cubes without sharp edges.
3. And the last is maximum tightness. That will protect against the penetration of dust, dirt and precipitation. At the same time, due to the ease of movement of the sashes, the windows can be easily washed.

Flaws

All designs have a number of inherent disadvantages, and frameless glazing is no exception to the rule.

1. First of all, such a decision becomes just a kind of glass curtain, and is not warm glazing. Thus, in winter, the temperature on the balcony will not be maintained. Which makes it impossible to use the balcony to expand the area. Except for the provision of new warm systems, which are quite expensive.
2. Another disadvantage is the panoramic view from the street to everything that happens inside. For the upper floors, this does not become a problem, but in the case of the lower ones, it will cause some discomfort. But at the same time, it is possible to provide tinted or mirror glass which will eliminate this shortcoming.
3. The next will be the inability to install mosquito nets. Since it is not possible to fix them on a mobile structure. As a result, when open windows a mass of insects will tend to fly inside.
4. And, of course, the cost of this type of construction is also quite high. Imported systems can cost $300, while domestic systems can cost up to $200 for square meter, which at large area forms a fairly round sum.

But it is up to you to decide which glazing to provide for your balcony. We hope this information was quite useful and helped in making a decision about a. We also suggest watching a video that tells in more detail about the types of glazing:

Modern housing construction allows you to decide on the layout of the apartment even at the construction stage. However, sometimes it can be difficult for owners to navigate with functional purpose premises, especially if there is a balcony and a loggia. The offers of construction supermarkets allow you to create cozy open areas relaxation or amazing winter gardens.

To understand what is the difference between a balcony and a loggia, or to understand what a bay window is, you need to familiarize yourself with the characteristics of these buildings according to SNiP.

Balconies: description and types

According to the definition of SNiP, a balcony (translated from the ancient German word balko means "beam") is a platform protruding from the plane of the building wall. It is noteworthy that the building will be considered a balcony when located at floor level, even without a roof / canopy, parapet.

Only a professional should evaluate the design of the balcony and the possibilities for its repair or alteration. Only a specialist can tell you whether it is possible to glaze the balcony or is it better to leave the area open.

The methods of attaching buildings to the wall determine the types of balconies, their parameters and depend on the characteristics of the materials of the house, the thickness of the elements.

• Cantilever - the balcony slab is connected to the floor element in carrier plate(reinforcements are connected by welding) or located on beams protruding from the wall. Width of the open area - up to 1 meter, configuration: rectangular, semicircular.
• Attached - the balcony slab is supported by various supports (the wall of the house or individual elements - columns). Designs of any shape and size are allowed.

Of course, it is better to arrange a site of any size in any design style and it won't even matter covered balcony or open. According to the external design, the following types of balconies are also conventionally distinguished:

• italian - stands out with openwork wrought iron fence having a curved shape. Vases with flowers are necessarily exhibited - as an additional decoration of the site;
• American is a large balcony resembling a terrace. Furniture, umbrellas or awnings from the sun, flowers in large tubs are freely located on it. It can “encircle” the entire building, it is notable for its low fences;
• Spanish - has a small area of ​​rectangular or square shape, allowing you to place some compact furniture items (armchair, chair) or flowers in flowerpots. These unusual balconies are rare, and their supporting beams are usually decorated decoratively and are one of the decorations of the facade of the building;
• french - can be considered a design whose only function is decor, since the balcony area as such is completely absent or allows you to place small flower pots. A picturesque view outside the window will become an interior detail if balcony door made entirely of glass. Significant investments are not required for registration - it is enough to install a beautiful forged fence.

Loggia: characteristics and types

According to the wording of SNiP, a loggia (in Italian, the word loggia means a room open from several directions) is a built-in / attached platform, bounded by walls on three sides. The depth of the room is determined by the possibility of using natural light. There are glazed or unglazed designs. What is a loggia modern apartment? This is a recreation area or a separate room equipped with heating.

Despite the difference between a balcony and a loggia in design, these buildings are similar in design types, namely:

• french - different panoramic windows, visually significantly expands the space;
• spanish - playground small sizes, mostly rectangular / square in shape, the fence is necessarily designed in the form of a concrete wall;
• Italian - equipped forged railings bizarre, ornate form;
• American - located along the perimeter of the building and can be of different widths.

An interesting spatial form on the wall of the building is a bay window (the name of the structure comes from French word"arquer" - archer). The structure can have a triangular, rectangular, semicircular and polyhedral shape and, as a rule, is glazed around the perimeter. Bay windows are most common in the Nordic countries - Germany, Denmark. The building expands the area of ​​​​the room and increases daylight premises. The most suitable for these purposes is a rectangular bay window.

Differences and features

To clearly understand what can be insulated and where it is better to place a cozy corner for relaxation, you need to know the types of balconies and loggias, bay windows, understand their “weak and strong” sides.

1. Loggia glazing options are more diverse due to the ability of the structure to withstand significant loads.
2. The reliability of the balcony is limited design features. The structure can withstand a specific weight, which must be taken into account when placing overall or heavy items.
3. Equipping the loggia with suitable heating (best of all - with "warm" floors) allows you to arrange the room into a separate full-fledged room.
4. Appropriate glazing of the balcony and opening can significantly increase the natural lighting of the room.

Of course, it is optimal when the question is not raised when choosing a living space: a balcony or a loggia? The rapid construction of new houses allows you to choose your favorite version of the apartment project. However the right approach when repairing or redevelopment of any buildings, it will make the room cozy, unique and safe.