What is better to make a partition in the apartment. Interior walls and their types

09.11.2018

Partitions in the apartment open plan or an individual residential building can be installed from different materials, such as: brick, expanded clay concrete or foam concrete blocks, tongue-and-groove gypsum blocks or using plasterboard sheets, etc. Our company has extensive experience in working with all of the above materials, and we are ready to help you choose the building material that meets your requirements. When choosing a material, it is necessary to determine the basic requirements for finished partitions - this is the strength and moisture resistance of the material, soundproofing properties, the thickness of the partition, the timing of the work and, of course, the cost of the material and work.

Consider the main technical and operational characteristics of the most commonly used materials.

Brick partitions are a great option: strong, moisture resistant, durable, suitable for damp and wet rooms, good enough sound insulation. The disadvantages include: the construction work is complex, requiring qualified specialists, takes longer than from all other materials, because. the size of the brick is smaller than the blocks and it is necessary to take a technological break to set the mortar. In addition, brick partitions are the heaviest and not on any floor they can be erected, for example, on wooden floors in old houses. Brickwork must be plastered on both sides, again an additional load on the ceiling. The thickness of the partition after plastering will be at least 150 mm, taking into account possible tolerances masonry from the vertical. If it is planned to attach heavy equipment to a brick partition or cut horizontal grooves for laying pipes or cables, then it is necessary to choose a solid brick for masonry. With a partition thickness of a brick floor made of slotted bricks, any shtraba will weaken its bearing capacity.

Expanded clay blocks sufficiently strong, moisture resistant, have good sound insulation with a partition thickness of more than 100 mm. The partition must be plastered on both sides. The disadvantage of the blocks is that, as a rule, they are hollow inside, and when a groove for pipes or cables is installed in them, the bearing capacity is greatly weakened, up to the collapse of the partition. For this reason, hollow claydite-concrete blocks are rarely used; they can be used on partitions in which streaks are not arranged.

Foam concrete blocks have become widespread in construction in recent years. They are light, sawn well, partitions are erected faster than brick ones, good soundproofing ability. Disadvantages - low strength, non-moisture resistant, therefore it is not recommended to use in the fencing of bathrooms. Blocks are produced different in compressive strength, different thicknesses from 50 mm or more, however, for interior partitions it is recommended to use blocks with a thickness of at least 100 mm, after plastering with gypsum mixtures, a thickness of 120 mm can be obtained.

For the construction of partitions enclosing bathrooms, dressing rooms and mines for engineering communications, gypsum tongue-and-groove blocks, which are available both simple and moisture resistant, can be used. Partitions are quickly mounted on a special mounting adhesive on plaster base and do not require plastering. Minor irregularities are eliminated by applying a putty layer. Partitions made of gypsum blocks are the fastest erected, which can significantly reduce the time of work. The thickness of the partition from the blocks will be 80÷85 mm. The strength of the block allows you to attach an LCD TV bracket or shelves to it, of course, with the right selection of fasteners and when using solid blocks. To reduce the weight of the blocks, the industry produces hollow gypsum blocks that can be used on partitions where horizontal strokes are not provided. Main disadvantage thin partitions made of gypsum blocks - poor soundproofing characteristics, but when installing a double partition with filling the gap between the partitions soundproof material soundproofing characteristics are significantly increased. The thickness of the double partition, depending on the thickness of the soundproofing material used, will be from 180 mm or more.

One of the most common materials for partition walls is plasterboard and gypsum-fiber sheets, as well as Aquapanels. Such partitions are mounted after the installation of a screed on the floor and the completion of plastering work on the outer and load-bearing walls, i.e. when the main "wet" processes are finished. Sheets and panels are fastened with self-tapping screws to metal frame, which is attached to the floor, walls and ceiling. The space between the frame and the sheets is filled with non-combustible soundproofing material. The frame can be sheathed with sheets in several layers, the minimum recommended number of layers is two. When sheathing in three layers, the soundproofing characteristics and the rigidity of the partition are improved. The minimum thickness of the partition when using profiles of 50 mm can be 90 mm with two-layer cladding with sheets on both sides. To improve the soundproofing characteristics, the thickness of the partition can be increased by using wider profiles for the frame, for example, 75 mm or even 100 mm. With increased requirements for sound insulation, a double partition can be made - two independent frames. The main advantages of plasterboard partitions are as follows: short terms of work, the absence of "wet" processes (the sheets are not plastered, only the seams are puttied), it is possible to lay communications inside the partition without weakening the structure. Moisture-resistant plasterboard and gypsum-fiber sheets, as well as Aquapanels, are produced for cladding frames in wet rooms. Due to their low weight, partitions made of gypsum board and gypsum fiber sheets can be erected even in old houses with wooden floors.

To fasten heavy equipment or shelves to the partition structure at the fastening points, a reinforcement element is laid, for example, plywood 20 mm thick.

Data on the cost of work and material are given in the table.

The erection of walls should be trusted only to professionals. It is very important not only to masterfully install interior partitions, but also to choose their design correctly. If they are supposed to be installed for a long period of time, it is necessary to take care of additional heat and sound insulation. Also, the partition must be particularly strong and durable. In other cases, you can choose an option that involves the device of easily disassembled or mobile structures. They will be less durable, but without great expense they will divide free space for several zones.

The cost of installation of interior walls from San Sanych

Our company is engaged in the installation of interior walls of any design and type in Moscow. Thanks to many years of experience, we will help you choose the best option that will meet all existing requirements. Our craftsmen will professionally install any design, so it will last for many years. Also, do not worry about the quality of the walls. The absence of level differences, cracks and other defects is excluded. Therefore, surface finishing will not entail too high costs. The cost of work largely depends on the materials used. We offer clients both budget options and more expensive ones.

№	Name of works	Unit rev.	Price, rub.
1	Brickwork in 1/4 brick	m2	1100
2	Brickwork in 1/2 brick	m2	800
3	Brickwork in 1 brick	m2	800
4	Masonry gypsum tongue-and-groove block	m2	750
5	Foam block masonry, 8-10 cm	m2	700
6	Interior walls from drywall (2 layers) with the manufacture of the Knauf frame	m2	850
7	Sound insulation of plasterboard partitions mineral. cotton wool	m2	150
8	Installation of drywall on a wall with a preliminary wall lathing	m2	580
8	Plasterboard lining of heating risers	pm	580
8	Sealing joints GKL painter. mesh, putty	m2	50

Partition options

Depending on the materials used, the following types of partitions are distinguished:

brick. They have high strength, moisture resistance, sound and heat insulating properties. Disadvantages - high weight, the need for plastering;
from tongue-and-groove slabs (PGP). This material is fire resistant, not afraid of moisture, quickly installed. The disadvantage is relatively low strength;
from foam blocks. Advantages - light weight, high soundproofing properties, ease of installation, forms a flat surface. The disadvantage is that the blocks may not have an ideal shape;
drywall. Advantages - light weight, resistant to fire, the formation of a smooth and even surface. Disadvantages - low strength, afraid of moisture. Also, the construction of walls from GKL is very popular in apartments because of the ease of installation work.

There are many designs of interior partitions, they can be used regardless of the materials from which the house is built. It is important to make partitions technologically correct and ensure that they meet exactly the requirements that are necessary for certain premises.

Among the vertical structures inside the house, load-bearing walls and partitions are distinguished. The first ones are supported by ceilings and roof structures, they themselves must be based on the foundation, and on the second floor - on the underlying wall. The position of the load-bearing walls on the plan of the house is rigidly fixed.

Interior partitions are not load-bearing structures. They only divide the interior space of the house into separate rooms, bounded by capital walls. Therefore, they can be made both from heavy massive materials (for example, bricks) and from light ones (for example, drywall, wood). Sound insulation, environmental friendliness, aesthetics, and the possibility of redevelopment of space depend on the material and quality of the partitions.

Requirements for interior partitions

Materials and designs

Savings up to 50,000 rubles.

Masters will perform dismantling without damaging the supporting structures, will independently pack all construction waste and prepare it for disposal. We care about the environment, therefore, we involve specialized services for disposal and never throw garbage into the street. We order a container, the garbage is taken out during the day - quickly, conveniently, no problems with the neighbors and the management company.

After dismantling, the foreman will calculate the estimate for draft materials, we recommend to buy materials from us- we work directly with manufacturers and offer competitive prices, we deliver and pick up ourselves, on average savings will be up to 50,000 rubles.

Rough finish

Daily photo report on the progress of work - free of charge

We strictly adhere to compliance with all building codes and repair technologies, we work in accordance with European quality standards for construction and finishing works ISO, EN, DIN. For each type of work in our state there are separate qualified specialists, for example, only specialists who have permission to perform this type of work are engaged in electrical work.

After roughing, electrical, plumbing work are completed, we evaluate the quality of work with the involvement of the company's technical director, and only after that we hand over the intermediate result of the work to you. This allows you to quickly eliminate possible shortcomings and maintain stable high quality works.

fine finish

Discounts up to 20% on finishing materials from our partners

We are entering the finish line - the apartment is gradually taking shape of your future cozy home. In addition to finishing the premises, at your request, we will install air conditioners, change PVC windows, heating radiators, install stretch ceilings. Before starting work on the installation of furniture and other finishing equipment, we will perform a general cleaning.

Before starting the design, you should figure out what the walls of a private house are made of, since the selected materials determine not only appearance buildings, but also set the parameters of the foundation, the volume, the period of work, the equipment used, the estimated cost of construction and transportation.

Any of the above factors (together with bearing capacity soil and climatic features region) can radically change the initial ideas.

Items for selection

To consider what is better to use for the construction of walls, you need to work with the production technology. Construction is carried out in 2 ways:

The need to comply with the technology for all stages will set the task of deciding on the possibility of making walls for the house with your own hands or inviting a contractor.

Expanded clay blocks will create a large load on the foundation

For a long stay, you can build the walls of the house from various materials, which are conditionally divided by their weight into light and heavy types.

The products from which massive walls are obtained, creating a large load on the base, include:

brick (red, silicate, decorative);
foam concrete;
aerated concrete;
cinder block;
natural and artificial stone;
concrete floor beams.

Light materials are solid wood, glued products from it, heaters used to reduce the thickness of the main wall material at a given thermal resistance.

Performance comparison is shown in the table:

Wood is considered sufficient lightweight material for building a house

Reducing the total load on the ground is achieved by combining light and heavy components in the wall structure (insulation, wooden floor beams).

At the same time, one must adhere to the rule - to choose materials that are comparable in terms of service life, so that a stone house does not have to be overhauled every 25 - 50 years due to load-bearing wooden elements.

Internal walls

Simultaneously with the outer perimeter, they decide what to build the wall of the house inside it from. In this case, in addition to the supporting function for the ceiling, it performs the task of dividing the premises and isolating them from each other.

What to do, you can decide using the table:

You can win the space of a room by reducing it if you make it from solid brick with plastering.

Allotted time

Mortgage for the construction of a house for at least 1 year

The design of the building significantly affects the timing of the construction will be completed.

Cement mixtures are gaining strength long time, various technologies of bulk surfaces from polymer compositions also require patience specific instruction manufacturer - for the construction of a stone house up to 150 m² on concrete foundation takes at least a year.

Roughly the distribution of time looks like this:

the foundation will gain 80% of the fortress in 1 month and it will be possible to start laying out external and load-bearing walls on it;
about 2 months will be spent on laying walls (without finishing work);
installation of ceilings, roof manufacturing, glazing, insulation and communications will take 3-4 months;
plastering, finishing, installation of a finishing floor, laying of finishing coatings in the aggregate will amount to 2 - 3 months. For information on how long it can take to build a house, see this video:

Internal work can be carried out in the cold season

It is advisable to plan the stages of construction of a stone private household in 2 blocks:

Start of work - in the spring, when established steadily warm weather. Before the autumn cold, the box should be closed (they stand on the basement, the roof is finished, windows and doors are installed).
Internal work and exterior finish begin at the end of winter, when the temperature building structures, subject to further work, does not fall below +10°С.

Compared with concrete work lungs are established quickly. Frame house(log house) on a turnkey basis will rise in a maximum of 1-2 months. When preparing the right set of materials, the construction operations themselves for installation are carried out at a clear, fast pace.

A frame house can be erected in 1 - 2 months

In this case, the terms are determined by the following conditions:

the size and layout of the building;
self-manufacturing of the frame or the purchase of a ready-made large-panel assembly.

The fundamental factor in reducing the time spent on the installation of light structures is the ability to perform (successively or combined) all operations, including the finishing of finished sections. There is no need to wait until the walls dry out, fresh materials will give the required shrinkage.

If the stages of design and preparation are carried out by the contractor well and with high quality, the housewarming will be in the same season.

Durability

Stone buildings can last more than 50 years

In any house, repairs are periodically made, renovation of finishing coatings, change of interior design. The house, as a whole, is operated as long as the walls and foundation can withstand.

Using quality materials in the right combination according to them technical specifications, scrupulous observance of technological processes, a stone building serves 75-100 years.

Timely overhaul significantly extends the possibility of safe operation. Natural stone of igneous origin, without any changes, serves in the walls of buildings for 500 years. Mortars that bind elements in masonry joints are subject to the greatest destruction. They are protected (sheltered) from external influences by waterproofing, insulating and plaster layers.

Frame buildings, as a rule, have an estimated service life of 25 to 50 years.

The direct dependence of this indicator on the type and type of wood, quality processing protective impregnation, insulation from moisture, temperature extremes and pests.

Subsequent restoration repairs of such a house are carried out only in outer surface outer walls.

Comparative characteristics of various options

First of all, they begin to calculate the options for building a house, starting from the allocated budget, the availability of workpieces and the timely delivery of materials, the availability of the required equipment and the number of workers.

In terms of financial costs, a structure made of light elements is 2-4 times cheaper than a heavy house of the same size.

Visually compare the main characteristics building materials this table will help:

In the perspective of the heredity of generations, brick or block house on a monolithic foundation has no equal. In terms of price / quality ratio in the medium term, private wooden buildings will be a profitable and simple solution.

Use of wood-based products

wooden structures since ancient times popular among the people

Traditionally, wood is a widely used raw material for the manufacture of large-sized elements, timber, boards, battens used at all stages of construction.

Indicators of thermal conductivity, strength, accessibility, the possibility of processing and installation by one's own hands make it indispensable at every stage of work.

The development of technologies for processing all parts of the plant contributed to the emergence particle boards and glued competitors to the natural massif.

Rounded logs (log house).

Drying logs can shrink, which will affect the geometry of doors and windows.

The centuries-old method makes it possible to quickly put up a house, especially in regions rich in forest. The support for the crown is a platform raised above the soil level by at least 0.2 m. An important point is the device to prevent the rise of moisture on the walls.

Shrinkage of wood fibers gives a significant shrinkage of fresh logs, which can affect the geometry window frames and door hinges.

It is desirable to withstand the laid log house in the local climate for 1 year before installing these positions. When installing windows and doors, large gaps are left for subsequent shrinkage over time.

Periodically, the typesetting wall requires inspection and. Caulk or seal liquid nails still have to.

Seasonal fluctuations associated with changes in humidity can reach 2%.

logs required timely processing antiseptics and flame retardants.

If the wall thickness is less than 0.4 m, it is desirable to insulate it.

Warming in private property refers to an indicator of the owner's prudence, and not the requirement of SNiP.

bar

Lumber from a solid array of wood practically does not differ in performance from logs. Qualitatively made glued laminated timber almost does not shrink. A detailed film about the construction of a house from a bar, see this video:

Profiled timber will be convenient in installation. In addition, the complex shape blocks the infiltration of air through the gaps at the joints of the type-setting parts.

With all this, it remains a product of wood and requires protection and periodic maintenance.

Combines the performance characteristics of wood and polymer insulation. For its device, in addition to the bars, chipboard, OSB boards, drywall sheets (interior lining), board - lining, block house are taken.

Walls frame house

The advantages are the absence of shrinkage, strength and the ability to distribute deforming loads without destruction.

The disadvantages of the design include the possibility of the appearance of rodents in the internal cavities.

This is an option frame wall, which uses finished material 3 x-layer structure. Between OSB boards insulating polystyrene foam is pressed.

The finished product greatly accelerates the assembly of walls and floors, which only need to be finished.

bricks

Material tested in all situations is released different execution(hollow, red, silicate, full-bodied, clinker, curly, decorative).

Also used for bearing walls, and for filling openings, cladding.

Requires a solid foundation.

ceramic blocks

They are based on clay, fired in a special way, which increases the porosity of the mass. Thermal resistance such a block is higher than that of a brick, but it is more fragile and requires laying skills. For more information about the qualities of a house made of ceramic blocks, see this video:

Aerated concrete, foam concrete

Lightweight porous materials with good compressive strength. Aerated concrete is different in that its composition, in addition to sand and cement, includes lime, so it is very sensitive to getting wet.

It will not be possible to dry a wet ball completely.

Representative modern technologies there will be a house made using fixed formwork. Expanded polystyrene molds are poured inside with concrete (with reinforcement). The result is warm and durable walls.

Room remodeling is one of the important elements repairs in the house. In conditions when load-bearing walls and ceilings cannot be demolished, and the room must be divided into parts, partitions come to the rescue. From what materials it is best to make new walls in the apartment, we will tell further.

Purpose of partitions

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With their help, you can isolate part of the space, creating a separate comfortable place for each of the family members.

Most often, the need for the construction of partitions arises:

in one-room apartments for functional division of space into zones of work, rest and reception of guests
in a studio apartment, in which there is actually no division into rooms, but only a single space
in new buildings, where the premises are designed according to the principle of free planning
in the bathroom to separate the shower area from the toilet
in the kitchen to separate the dining area
on the balcony between apartments with such a layout of the house, where barriers are not provided
in the bedroom to create an isolated dressing room
in a communal apartment to share space

Zoning fences are most often erected in studio apartments and in new buildings for the functional division of the premises.

Basic requirements for zoning fences:

Strength and resistance to mechanical damage
Safety for humans and pets
Easy to install and operate
moisture resistance
Degree of noise protection
Thermal insulation properties
decorative appearance

Types of partitions

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The purpose of the functional fence determines the type of partition:

1 Stationary(blind barrier in the form of a wall, monolithic or with openings)

2 Mobile(sliding design, can be opened and closed like a wardrobe)

3 Hinged(mounted not to the floor, but to the ceiling, has a low weight)

4 transformable(most often in the form of an accordion made of glass, PVC, wood)

Mobile glass barriers, which work on the principle of a wardrobe, look the most spectacular

Fences can be:

inter-apartment
interior
zoning
decorative
soundproof

Material selection

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Depending on what material is used to build a zoning barrier, partitions are:

brick;
glass;
wooden (lining, timber), MDF and chipboard;
drywall;
made from foam blocks;
plastic;
aerated concrete;
polycarbonate;
metal-plastic;
aluminum;
iron (lattice or solid sheet of metal);
made from 3D and Lego blocks.

The choice of barrier material is a key issue in the redevelopment of a room or apartment

The choice of one or another material depends on such factors:

1 Predicted load on the structure. Brick, concrete, and block walls will hold up much more than glass, plastic, or plasterboard fences.

2 Thicknesses of zoning blocks. Too large partitions will reduce usable area premises.

3 The need for soundproofing. Glass, wooden and plastic barriers, as well as sliding structures, will not be able to provide protection from noise from another part of the room.

4 Resistance to fire, moisture, mechanical damage.

5 Ability to support hanging elements.

6 Ready to finish. If the decision to divide the room came after the finishing of the room, then it is better to choose hanging options partitions.

7 Ease of care and maintenance. If pets and children live in the apartment, then it is better to choose unpretentious structures that do not require constant repairs.

Glass

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Glass partitions- the lightest and most compact, they do not weigh down the interior and do not take up the usable area of the room. Despite the apparent fragility, tempered glass resistant to damage. The material is quickly cleaned of dirt and will become a harmonious addition to any interior.

Glass walls can be made:

transparent
translucent
matte
stained glass and patterned
tinted
mirrored

Glass railings look airy and elegant, do not weigh down the space

It is best to re-plan such rooms with the help of glass, where you need a light barrier to divide into functional areas. The material does not have noise-canceling properties, but transmits light.

Fixed or sliding glass wall cannot withstand vertical loads, but also does not create excessive pressure on the foundation.

Brick

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For the construction of interior and exterior walls are used as decorative brick, and backfill, but most often they acquire an ordinary, draft one. Laying methods are used:

on the edge - less durable (only solid brick)
on a spoon - a time-consuming, but less time-consuming process (it is recommended to take a thickened brick 8.8 cm thick

Brick walls are strong and durable, but quite difficult to install without building skills.

If there is a financial opportunity, then it is better to use clinker brick from environmentally friendly refractory shale clay. This is a more expensive material, but reliable and high quality.

The pros and cons of using the material are presented in the table:

strength
high soundproofing characteristics even when laying in 1 brick
moisture resistance
availability and prevalence in everyday life

complex installation
create a load on the foundation due to weight
require finishing (if the masonry does not honor the decor)

To build a brick enclosing wall, you must:

Calculate the amount of material needed, taking into account the thickness of the partition.
Carry out the laying of the wall using cement or cement-lime mortar. For strength, the partition is reinforced with a reinforced grating.
Cover the surface with putty on both sides.
Apply plaster.
Cover with paint or wallpaper.

Given the large weight of the brick partition, it is recommended to build it on a reinforced foundation ( reinforced concrete beams embedded in the floor). It is possible to reduce the load on the surface by 25–30% when using hollow building materials.

ceramic brick as a raw material for the construction of dividing walls it is used more often: with a thickness of 115 mm, a length of 500 mm and a width of 200 mm, it costs a little less than hollow brick.

When finishing, a wall made of this material is plastered or lined with drywall, which does not need further alignment.

Wood

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Zoning with a tree is well suited for rooms in a cottage and studio apartments, made in a rural style, but not recommended for blocking toilets and bathrooms.

Wooden partitions are afraid of moisture and fire, do not absorb noise

environmentally friendly raw materials, the strength of which depends on the selected type of wood. Partitions made of lining or timber withstand mechanical stress, but do not tolerate high humidity.

MDF and chipboard

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Affordable material that can be laminated or dyed to any colour, necessary to maintain a unified style in the interior. Optimal Thickness chipboard boards for partitions that will provide heat and sound insulation - from 10 to 20 mm.

Interior barriers made of chipboard swell from moisture, so they are avoided for use in bathroom remodeling

For the installation of fences, ordinary or laminated sheets of MDF and chipboard are used, if a wall is erected in the bathroom or in the kitchen, moisture-resistant materials are taken. Installation is carried out on a frame made of metal profiles. Reiki are fastened with brackets, self-tapping screws and kleimers. The space between the sheets is laid with insulating material.

Drywall

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Lightweight gypsum sheets coated with cellulose fiber reinforced or paperboard, used to create partitions of complex shapes. Individual elements are mounted on a frame made of metal profiles, as a result of which the structure is light.

Communications can be placed in the voids, and subject to the fastening of goods directly to the frame, reinforced with jumpers, the wall of the material is able to withstand heavy loads. Construction raw materials are non-toxic and do not contain harmful impurities.

Plasterboard floors must be additionally laid with mineral wool for sound and heat insulation

The main disadvantage of drywall is that it provides poor sound insulation. without additional layer in the form of mineral wool or polystyrene. When laying, the seams must be rubbed with a sickle mesh, but a minimum layer of plaster is allowed.

Care must be taken: when installing using mineral wool materials, there is a threat of individual fibers getting on the mucous membranes of the human organs of vision and breathing.

Plastic and metal-plastic

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Walls made of PVC or aluminum are reliable, inexpensive and quickly erected. They are resistant to dirt, moisture and high temperatures are practical and easy to care for.

A plastic fence can be made of any shape, which is indispensable when creating an interior in a modern style.

Plastic panels when creating partitions are widespread, but their main drawback is fragility.. Such walls will not withstand loads and are subject to mechanical deformation.

Foam concrete and expanded clay blocks

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Blocks have increased heat and sound insulation, due to big size laying them is easier and faster than brick. Often used to create interior walls.

The large size of the foam blocks allows you to quickly build a solid, stable wall

The material is easily cut at home with a hacksaw but before fine finish its surface must be plastered. Walls made of foam concrete and expanded clay do not give a serious load on the foundation, but are not too strong.

As much as possible, loads (pictures, furniture fasteners, cornices) weighing no more than 20 kg can be hung on a foam concrete wall.

In installation, it is most important to lay the first row strictly in level to define a further flat wall surface.

aerated concrete

tongue-and-groove blocks

The tongue-and-groove blocks or slabs are gypsum with grooves and ridges along the edges, which allow individual elements to be securely connected to each other. Their erection as a new wall will cost 10-15% cheaper than buying a brick.

Due to the voids inside, the tongue-and-groove blocks do not need to be ditched for laying communications

Standard board sizes: 66.7 cm long, 50 cm wide and 8 to 10 cm thick. The material forms a flat surface that does not need to be further leveled, it is easy to install wiring inside it. Blocks are laid on a special glue.

However, tongue-and-groove plates also have disadvantages: they do not provide the necessary sound insulation, may burst or wobble if not properly secured to the ceiling and floor. When cutting with a grinder, gypsum dust scatters strongly around the room and settles in the lungs of a person.

glass blocks

Building material allows you to build decorative fences: transparent or translucent. Despite the apparent fragility and fragility, glass blocks (luxspheres) provide high levels of sound insulation and thermal insulation due to the air in the voids.

Of these elements, you can create only stationary blank partitions- piers. To create mobile or sliding structures block materials are not suitable, they also cannot be sawn.

Luxspheres not only look beautiful, but also provide reliable sound and heat insulation.

Luxspheres are not only square shape, but also angular, half, with a smooth, corrugated, transparent, matte and colored texture.

Zoning methods without construction

Installation of heavy block partitions(made of reinforced concrete, brick or foam concrete) occurs only on a solid foundation, light walls do not need to strengthen the foundation.

Installation of fences is not carried out directly on the screed, especially on top of underfloor heating - the wall will crack. However, if the screed is mounted on a floor slab or foundation rib in compliance with the indicators point load, then such a wall will stand for a long time.

A curtain made of beads or threads not only zones, but also decorates the room

To eliminate any load on the foundation, not to erect any structures and save money, you can zone the room:

with cabinets, bookcases, screens and other pieces of furniture
drapery with fabric (use light fabric, tulle or heavy curtains)
using an aquarium
blocking the space with shelving with flowers or tubs with tall plants
hanging garlands, kisei
using decorative installations

Secrets of successful zoning

Proper zoning of the room allows you to create a harmonious stylish interior

The shape and size of the room. square room it is advisable to divide into two equal parts, and fence off the rectangular part across, and not along (otherwise the zones will be too narrow). It is better not to zone small apartments with low ceilings.
Availability of windows and doors. You should not divide them in half: the window is left in that part of the room where it will be most needed ( work zone, a place to cook). The door is left in the part of the room that will be the entrance.
Location large objects furniture. Before starting redevelopment, it is better to draw up a project for the future design of the room, which will take into account the dimensions of cabinets, sofas, walls and approaches to them.
Backlight. Proper lighting you can enhance the effect of space division or, conversely, level it.

Proper zoning of the room allows you to create a harmonious stylish interior

Dismantling and demolition

If necessary, demolish existing wall in the apartment, then first determine its category.

Bearing partitions, the thickness of which exceeds 30-40 cm, is prohibited under any conditions. Non-bearing walls do not take the load of the entire building, their thickness does not exceed 12 cm - they can be demolished.

Before rebuilding the premises due to the demolition of partitioning structures, it is necessary:

Create a project for the redevelopment of the premises.
Together with the documents on the ownership of the living space, take the project to the BTI and the Housing Inspectorate for approval.

Demolition of load-bearing structures in buildings is prohibited.

When dismantling monolithic structures destruction must begin only from above, otherwise, the wall will collapse either from the opening towards the load-bearing elements.

The easiest to dismantle are drywall and PVC structures. First, the screws are unscrewed, the plates, insulation are removed, the frame is disassembled and metal profile.

The most difficult thing will be to disassemble brickwork or reinforced concrete. For these purposes, a hammer and a chisel, a perforator, a sledgehammer are used.

Regulatory issues

Legislatively, the construction of a partition, which leads to an increase in the load on the load-bearing walls, is considered redevelopment.

AT Housing Code RF redevelopment means any change configuration of structural elements of the premises, which should be reflected in the technical and cadastral passports. This also includes the transfer engineering networks and sanitary equipment.

When erecting a capital partition, it must be legalized, by contacting the Bureau of Technical Inventory, and get approved by the Municipal Housing Inspectorate. Permission may also be required from gas supply organizations, the DEP and fire authorities.

It is possible to proceed with the installation of zoning ceilings after agreement with the regulatory authorities

When asked if a plasterboard partition is a redevelopment of an apartment, lawyers do not give a clear answer. If a light barrier affects the load-bearing walls and increases the load on them, then coordination is necessary.

Otherwise, the zoning fence can be considered a reconstruction or repair. mobile partition from drywall, which is quickly assembled and disassembled, is not considered a redevelopment and does not need to be agreed.

It is prohibited to build capital partitions without the consent of the relevant services:

To increase living space by reducing the kitchen and bathroom and vice versa.
AT apartment building for equipping a bathroom above the kitchen of the neighbors below.
When combining a room and a kitchen, if a gas stove is installed in the apartment.
To move the kitchen to the living space.

For illegal unauthorized redevelopment, an administrative penalty in the form of a fine is provided. and even litigation with an order to dismantle the perestroika.

The experts in the video tell about what material to choose for arranging the zoning building.

VIDEO: ○ What to make interior partitions from ○ Interior design

Partition in the apartment- an easy way to change the interior of the room, improve its functionality and comfort. The main thing is that redevelopment in the house is safe, coordinated with neighbors and regulatory authorities.

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There are many types of internal partitions, which are built from different materials.

For the construction of full-fledged walls dividing inner space, as a rule, brick, aerated concrete and gypsum products are used.

Each of them is characterized by its pros and cons.

Watch a video about materials for interior partitions

Brick for interior partitions - it's reliable

Brick walls are characterized by high strength and good sound insulation. You can safely hang any shelves on them, fix TVs or plumbing equipment.

For the construction of interior partitions, bricks of the ordinary solid-bodied class with the strength of M100 are used. Due to its size, it is well suited for the construction of structures of complex configuration.

Surface flaws (chips, uneven coloring) are covered with plaster. The thickness of the stable wall is 15-20 cm, which corresponds to laying in half a brick.

Read also: Do-it-yourself tape monolithic foundation construction

This design creates a large local load on the ceiling, so the use of bricks for partitions must be weighed from a technical point of view.

To reduce weight, a porous ordinary brick is used. It has higher heat and sound insulation coefficients than a full-bodied counterpart, but modest strength characteristics.

Partitions made of foam concrete and aerated concrete - it's easy

Aerated concrete is the basis for the production of products with a porous structure. These include foam and aerated concrete blocks. By technical parameters they are almost identical and differ only in production methods. Aerated concrete are considered better quality.

For interior walls, partition gas blocks are used, related to the structural type, with a thickness of 0.75-10 cm. This is a large-format material that allows you to quickly build walls. Another undoubted advantage of blocks is ease of processing.

Gas and foam concrete blocks are highly hygroscopic, therefore, without additional finishing, they cannot be used for wet rooms.

Tongue-and-groove gypsum boards - it's fast

Smooth lightweight gypsum boards with silicone are an excellent option for rapid construction interior partitions. The tongue-and-groove panels are fastened thanks to the protrusions and grooves located at their ends and special glue, instead of cement. Plate thickness - 8 or 10 cm, dimensions 50x66.7 cm.

Read also: Brick cladding of aerated concrete houses: features and methods of cladding

Gypsum boards are processed using a conventional hacksaw for wood.

Smooth surface no panels required additional processing in the form of plastering before finishing. It is enough to putty the connecting seams and prime.

The tongue-and-groove slabs have good soundproofing performance - from 41 to 45 dB with one construction contour, but the density coefficient, 980 kg / m?, is significantly inferior to brick and foam concrete. This leads to restrictions on weight loads when hanging on them, for example, bookshelves.

Drywall partitions are cheap

Another gypsum-based material suitable for interior partitions is drywall sheets. This is a three-layer material consisting of a gypsum layer and two hardboard covers.

The basis of the design of interior partitions is a frame made of a metal profile, which is covered with plasterboard sheets. Their thickness should be from 12 to 18 mm. Thinner sheets are unstable and subject to distortion.

The weak point of drywall is resistance to mechanical influences. It is not recommended to fix heavy objects on it, and with a strong blow it cracks.

Apartment renovation is often accompanied by redevelopment of premises. Interior partitions are erected from various materials: brick, drywall, cellular concrete blocks, wood, glass, polycarbonate, different plates and others. They differ in their performance characteristics. The choice of option for the house depends both on the required functional indicators of the constructed partitions, and on their decorative appearance, the complexity of installation. Also, an important point is often the affordability of the material, the ability to work with it with your own hands. In practice, they also use a combination to achieve an original, unique decorative design housing interior.

Purpose of partitions between rooms

During capital repair work in a private house or apartment, the question may arise of displacing existing interior partitions or building new ones. The problem is also relevant in new buildings with a free layout.

Interior walls are presented a large number variety of options their creations. Creating new rooms, or resizing existing ones, should be done in such a way as to ensure the maximum level of comfort. The main obstacle in the way of construction may be the question of the choice of material, the correct construction of the intended structure from it.

Interior partitions should:

to maximize the space of the room;
be durable to withstand the load from hanging shelves, paintings, cabinets;
provide good sound insulation;
if possible, have an attractive decorative appearance;
give residents the opportunity for privacy and comfortable pastime;
divide the house into functional areas: a kitchen, a toilet with a bath (shower), a hall, an entrance hall, a bedroom.

The best option that meets the first requirement are partitions with a small wall thickness. But they often do not meet the other criteria.

In internal partitions with niches or openings, aquariums are installed, various household appliances. And when the furniture serves as walls, then at the same time the interior space of the house is divided into regions, clothes, books, dishes and other things that are rarely used are distributed.

Proper construction of partitions solves a number of important tasks related to the organization of comfortable living for the inhabitants of the apartment. At the same time, you can decorate your home in this way.

Basic installation rules

It is possible to build walls inside the house with your own hands or with the help of attracted workers, but there are a number of restrictions that must be taken into account. The rules are as follows:

it is forbidden to increase the size of bathrooms (toilets), kitchens, reducing the living space, and vice versa;
it is impossible to equip a bathroom in a multi-storey building if it is located below kitchen room neighbors;
it is also unacceptable to divide a room into several parts if there is only one source of natural light (windows);
when a gas stove is installed in the kitchen, it cannot be combined with a living room;
it is strictly forbidden to move or demolish bearing structures because it is dangerous for the entire building;
it is allowed to erect heavy interior partitions only on a solid foundation; in such cases, it is first necessary to calculate the loads acting on the floor.

With walls made of lightweight materials (aerated concrete, or built using a frame), everything is simpler: they are built everywhere without problems.

Internal redevelopment of the house will require an appeal to the appropriate authorities (BTI). The device of interroom partitions must necessarily comply with the above requirements. This issue affects the comfort of neighbors, the integrity of the structure, personal safety.

Materials for interior walls

If there is a question about what to make an interior partition from, then there is no definite answer. The modern construction market offers customers an extensive range. Each material is good in its own way. Before buying any, you should study its features. Only after that - to decide from what it is better to make wall structures in a particular case. Monolithic concrete partitions are created at the construction stage as load-bearing walls.

Brick

Brick interior partitions standard way the buildings. To build such a structure, you need to have special skills and knowledge. But this option is optimal in terms of sound insulation, degree of strength.

Brick because of its high density is a heavy material. For the construction, the following varieties of it are used in composition:

ceramic;
clinker;
silicate.

According to the release form, the following types are used:

whole;
hollow.

The advantage of brick walls is their high strength, resistance to damage, which allows you to hang heavy, massive cabinets, paintings, and other items. But for bases made from hollow varieties, you will need to use reinforced fasteners.

Masonry is usually taken out in half a brick. Its thickness does not exceed 160 mm. To build a structure, it is imperative to take into account its future weight, the load on the base.

Using a brick with voids inside, you can make more light wall: reduce its weight by about 30%. But the level of sound insulation will be less than when using solid bricks.

Masonry is done "for jointing" or for further plastering, decorative finishing. The first option is itself a design method, but it presents high requirements to the skills of the builder, the quality of the work.

Using brick as a material for partitions in an apartment or house is an expensive option for their construction. Both the material and the work of laying it have a high price. Further plastering also affects it. The process of erecting brickwork itself is labor-intensive, rather large time-consuming. But brick walls and partitions are durable and strong.

Cellular concrete

Interior walls in new buildings are often built from gas and foam blocks. These materials are easy to process: you can simply cut out an arch in them, mount a door frame.

The resulting design is lightweight. Its thermal insulation characteristics are better than those of a brick, and sound insulation and especially strength are inferior to the latter. .

Work with cellular concrete is faster and at the same time less labor than during the construction of masonry.

Plates

Considering various options, you should pay attention to the types of partitions made of gypsum tongue-and-groove plates. Building from such blocks is reminiscent of a lesson with a designer: due to the presence of grooves and protrusions (ridges), the structural elements fit together perfectly.

Grooved slabs have the following advantages:

easy to process;
has good heat and noise insulation characteristics;
has a relatively small mass;
ease of installation, greater strength of the erected structure compared to the construction of a foam or gas block;
the presence of voids makes it easy to lay internal communications.

The plates have relatively low strength, are not moisture resistant, require the use of special gypsum-based glue for installation.

Glass, blocks from it

Glass is used to create sliding partitions or fixed panels. The dimensions of the partitions themselves are insignificant in thickness, but other significant characteristics suffer.

The use of glass blocks (luxfer) for the construction makes it possible to emphasize the style of the room, get interesting light and decorative effects.

Glass and luxfers are different at a great cost. They are used relatively rarely, because from the point of view of practicality, this is not the best solution.

Drywall

Often they do it in an apartment or house. At the same time, the sheets are fixed to a pre-created frame, inside which sound and heat insulating material is laid.

The use of drywall is characterized by ease of installation, the ability to create partitions different shapes. In rooms with a high content of water vapor in the air, moisture-resistant varieties of GCR are used.

Subject to the technology of installation work, the construction created from drywall is characterized by low weight and has sufficient strength and reliability.

Other materials for the construction of interior walls

In addition to the options considered, quite often in practice other materials are used to build walls inside a house or apartment. Among them are the following:

expanded clay concrete blocks, similar in properties to brick, but less durable;
polycarbonate;
sandwich panels.

Often made from wood frame partitions in a timber house. It fits perfectly into the interior and does not require further finishing. Sandwich panels are used in prefabricated structures. They are covered with aluminum sheets on the outside.

Before you need to choose to existing conditions suitable material for use. The best option should be for personal budget.

brick - optimal solution if greater strength is required, sound insulation to the maximum, but it will be necessary to calculate the load on the ceiling;
interior walls made of expanded clay in their characteristics are close to brick;
it is better to make partitions from cellular concrete, if necessary, insulate rooms and avoid significant loads on the base;
frames sheathed with boards or plasterboard sheets can be erected quickly and get a fairly good level of heat and sound insulation, a decorative look, while this is the easiest option;
timber structures are appropriate mainly in wooden houses;
can be selected if you want to make partitions that create various optical effects.

quality brickwork does not require further finishing. This is a centuries-old option that has a decorative look. If you need to save money, keep in mind that the cheapest internal partitions are made of drywall.

Materials for creating interior partitions are characterized by various soundproofing indicators. After erection, protection from extraneous noise and vibration may be required. It is important to carry out the work correctly to improve personal comfort.

First of all bedrooms, children's rooms. To do this, increase the thickness of the interior walls, or cover them with a material with good soundproofing properties.

Mineral wool insulated structures have both good level soundproofing. This is typical way. The material is laid both outside and fill voids with it. In the first case, the thickness of the partition will increase, the space of the room will decrease.

A single, specific case requires individual approach. When choosing what to make partitions in an apartment from, you should think in advance about the soundproofing qualities of the purchased material. The correct selection according to this indicator will reduce the final costs, reduce the work.

Recommendations on what partitions between rooms can be built from are given in the following video.

Various wall design projects in the apartment are presented further in the video.

Instructions on how to make a partition in the room yourself from drywall contains the video below.

Different types of interior partitions require different approaches to installation, time and money costs for their construction. Their functional performance is due to the properties of the materials from which they are built. The final decision when choosing an option should be made based on your own conditions and financial capabilities. If the strength of the foundation allows, then brickwork is very practical.

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