Greenhouses and greenhouses of beautiful shape. Greenhouse: rules and features of modern designs from various materials (130 photos). DIY wooden greenhouses and greenhouses: photos, instructions and material features

A greenhouse is an indispensable element on any suburban area. Thanks to this relatively small, but very necessary building, you will be able to provide favorable conditions for rapid growth seedlings, protect tomatoes and cucumbers from frost, as well as other horticultural crops, get early harvest- the greenhouse will always take care of your plantings. It can be of any form, among which you can easily choose the one that suits you and your site best. At the same time, it is not at all necessary to buy this house for plants - you can make a greenhouse with your own hands quickly and easily if you know how.

Before you go to the barn to assess the availability of materials and tools or to the store to purchase them, you need to inspect garden plot and choose a place where the greenhouse will be built. Of course, the design can be portable, but most often it is made stationary. In addition, from the choice of location and availability free space the size of the structure will depend, and this factor greatly affects the amount of materials needed for construction.

A place for a greenhouse should be chosen according to the following principles.

On a note! If the greenhouse is planned to be used for permanent cultivation of plants, for example, then you should take care of building a second greenhouse, if space permits. The fact is that it is undesirable to grow the same crops, especially tomatoes and cucumbers, in the same place from year to year. Plantings are usually interchanged. In this case, the second greenhouse would be very useful.

The best time to build a greenhouse is mid-spring. The snow has already melted, and the plants are not growing much yet. Although if there is nowhere to hurry, then you can build a greenhouse at any time of the year, except for winter. AT winter period it is very difficult to carry out any construction, not only because of the cold, but also because of the hard ground.

Greenhouse dimensions

In general, the size of any greenhouse depends entirely on the desire and capabilities of the gardener, as well as on the types of crops that will be grown in it. If a greenhouse is needed only for accustoming seedlings to the street, but not for her permanent place residence, then it can be completely small or assembled on hastily without any major financial outlay. But if this design is meant to be capital, then it is best to make some calculations so that later you do not get upset and do not shrug in case of a shortage or excess of space.

Calculations should begin with the development of a structure diagram (we will consider the types of greenhouses below). Thanks to her, it will be easier to calculate the necessary parameters and the amount of materials.

On a note! Usually they make greenhouses about 1 m wide and no more than 2-3 long. In this case, the height is approximately 50-60 cm. Such dimensions will be as comfortable as possible both for working inside the structure, and for growing seedlings, as well as undersized crops.

Also, the number of plants that will live in a greenhouse can be taken as the basis for calculations. For example, no more than 3 bushes of cucumbers or tomatoes can easily coexist per 1 m 2. Based on this, you can calculate the dimensions of the structure you need.

It is also important to consider the dimensions of the material that will be used to build the structure. Sometimes it's easier to make a couple of small greenhouses than one long one, which can only be obtained by joining the material.

Greenhouse types

Greenhouses for cottages come in a wide variety of forms. To decide what type your greenhouse will be, you should get acquainted with the main ones.

Table. Greenhouse types.

Type of greenhouse	Description
	A greenhouse that opens on the principle of an ordinary bread box. It happens factory or homemade. It is convenient because the lid does not strive to fall down and does not need props, unlike, for example, a "butterfly".
	One of the simplest options for greenhouses. Several plastic or wire arcs are stuck into the ground along the beds and covered with spunbond or polyethylene. It is quickly disassembled and assembled, moreover, this process can be carried out by almost any gardener.
	The lower part of this structure - the base - is recessed into the ground, only the cover of the greenhouse is on the surface. This way of arranging a house for plants allows you to keep warm longer inside the structure.
	The greenhouse is arched or a house, has two wings that open outward. It can be produced at the factory and made by hand. Provides uniform access to plantings from both sides.
	One of the simplest types of greenhouse is two battens connected in a “ridge” and covered with polyethylene or other material. It is mounted quickly and simply, but is unstable and is used more often as a temporary portable structure.

Each of the above types has certain variations, supplemented by one or another element. For example, an ordinary greenhouse-bread box can be installed not on the ground, but on the base, thereby making it higher. There are also a lot of greenhouses - for this, ordinary sports hoops, window frames, headboards from beds and much more are used. Sometimes it’s enough to dig in the shed in the country, where unnecessary things are stored, and find a few items that are easy to get. new life in the form of a greenhouse frame. All it takes is a little skill and imagination.

Greenhouse materials

It's time to discuss the main types of materials from which it is easy to create a greenhouse with your own hands. The frame itself can be of three types.

After the construction of the frame, it must be covered with a covering material that will retain heat and protect the plants from wind and cold. Consider the possible options.

1. Glass. Heavy but good quality durable material with increased brittleness. It is easily damaged by impacts, breaks when dropped, but does not bend, and therefore can only be used for greenhouses with even walls. Does not retain ultraviolet and retains heat worse, difficult to process.
2. Polycarbonate. Recognized as one of the best covering materials. It has a certain strength, it is not afraid of moderate wind / snow loads, it bends perfectly, and therefore can be used for the construction of curved structures. The material has a protective layer that prevents penetration into the structure ultraviolet rays, and due to the honeycomb structure, it retains heat perfectly. The service life is shorter than that of glass, but in some ways the material is even stronger, because it is not so fragile and will not break if dropped from a small height. Polycarbonate is also very easy to process.

   

   

3. Polyethylene. The most short-lived, but popular because of the cheapness of the material. It is easily cut with scissors, and it is convenient to fix it on the frame using ordinary plastic clamps. Suitable for creating a greenhouse and in general is often used in horticulture as a covering material, as it does not allow moisture to pass through at all. Short-lived, torn at the slightest impact sharp object, serves even with careful attitude for only a couple of seasons.

   

4. Spunbond. A new word in horticultural technologies. Breathable material that lets you inside Fresh air and part of the moisture, but does not release heat to the outside and does not get wet. Easy to process and cut with ordinary scissors, easy to wash.

   

Cucumbers are demanding on growing conditions and give good harvest only at stable air and soil temperatures. Providing cucumbers with the right microclimate is quite simple: you need to install a major or seasonal greenhouse in the garden. We will talk about how to make a greenhouse for cucumbers with our own hands in.

Also, to connect individual elements, you may need corners, self-tapping screws, washers, corner profiles, clamps. For the convenience of opening greenhouses with doors, handles and canopies are used.

Greenhouse "house"

A gable portable greenhouse is one of the simplest options that you can build yourself. It is a "roof" with two slopes, placed on the ground and covered with a film. You can make it easily and quickly from a wooden beam of about 5 * 5 cm, metal corners and self-tapping screws or nails.

Sketch of a greenhouse "house" (here, the covering material is cellular polycarbonate)

Step 1. We create two frames by connecting the bars together, with their length equal to the length greenhouse, and shorter ones.

Step 3 We connect the two frames to each other in the upper part with the help of a ridge rail. The approximate angle of connection is 90 degrees.

Step 4 At the bottom of the frame we connect the elements with longitudinal rails. We've got a frame.

Step 5 Now the frame must be covered with a film so that it can rise to ventilate the plantings. To do this, we cut off the piece of covering material we need, slightly longer in length than the sum of the two side parts of the greenhouse.

Step 6 We cut out two pieces of polyethylene triangular in size the same as the sides of the frame. We pin them with small carnations on the sides.

Step 7 We pin a large piece of polyethylene along the ridge rail.

There must be no person who would not want to save on achieving a result. That is why lovers of gardening and gardening skillfully invest their resources in equipment, whether it is made with their own hands or bought in a specialized store. Such equipment is often a greenhouse or greenhouse. How to build structures that will help out in an unfavorable climate?

Do-it-yourself greenhouse and greenhouse, photo

The topic of this article is greenhouse and greenhouse with their own hands. Photos and expert advice will help you build a structure for growing vegetables, herbs and berries in your summer cottage.

How to make a greenhouse with your own hands?

Unlike greenhouses, main structure greenhouse are arcs. It is because of them that the frame can have different form: arched, triangular and house-shaped. The material for pipes of future arcs is different kind fittings - metal and fiberglass. Polypropylene pipes are also used. If they are made from window frames, then glass is usually used as a coating.

Most likely, each summer resident will choose an arc-shaped greenhouse, it is best exploited. by the most simple greenhouse one can imagine bent polypropylene pipes stretched with a simple polyethylene film. You can fix the film ordinary bricks. The optimal distance between the arcs will be half a meter. The base can be made of wood or even absent. For greater rigidity, it is necessary to fasten all the arcs with a horizontal beam.

If a greenhouse is needed for growing seedlings or greenery, then you should pay attention to a wooden structure. By itself, the greenhouse is not high and triangular in shape. Its advantage is excellent strength and stability.

Greenhouse - where to start?

If your greenhouse already lacks space for growing plants, then you should consider building a greenhouse. If the construction of a "greenhouse" structure did not pose any particular problems, then to create a "greenhouse" one will need to make an effort to obtain a lasting, sustainable result. What is the algorithm of actions for building a greenhouse with your own hands?

The easiest greenhouse to manufacture is arched. Among its advantages:

• Penetration of sunlight, which means - good growth plants and a bountiful harvest.
• Minimum materials of manufacture. The main raw materials for the construction of the greenhouse are PVC pipes, timber for the base and for the door frame, brackets for fasteners, thick plastic film.
• Small size. For the construction of the structure does not require a large area.

Where does the construction of a greenhouse or greenhouse begin?

Stage 1. First you need to select and prepare the site where the greenhouse will stand. It is advisable to tamp it down.

Stage 2. After that comes the base, consisting of boards knocked down along the perimeter and disinfected with an antiseptic. In each of the corners of the downed structure, reinforcement must be inserted (into the ground). From the same reinforcement, it is now necessary to furnish around the perimeter of the base at a distance of no more than 50 cm. It is necessary to dig the reinforcement into the ground by half or less. The length of the reinforcement is not less than a meter.

Stage 3. The cut PVC pipes must be inserted onto the fittings at the same opposite ends of the pipe. Fix the pipes with metal loops using a screwdriver.

Stage 4. The next step is to collect door structure which will also reinforce the work already done. You will need a beam of this size: one 130 cm, two 170 cm each, two 60 cm each and two 140 cm each. doorway. Further, at a height of 140 cm, 60 cm bars are driven in. To the latter, from below, the remaining beams are nailed.

The result should be a design with one main frame and two on the sides. I must say that the dimensions are taken on the basis that the parameters of the greenhouse will be 3 by 6 meters. The finished frame should be strengthened by connecting with wooden foundation, bars. The last step is to cover the structure with a dense plastic film, which can be fixed with an ordinary long bar or with a bracket.
So, we hope that our topic is a greenhouse and a greenhouse with our own hands, a photo– will help you build high-quality on your territory, robust design which will allow you to grow a rich harvest.

See also video:

A greenhouse is a simple structure designed for growing seedlings, which everyone can equip. What material and how to make it correctly, where to install it and how to heat it, are far from idle questions. Let's discuss them today.

What is the difference between greenhouses and greenhouses, we have already found out; the answer to this question can be found. Let me briefly remind you: a greenhouse is a small unheated structure that is used to grow seedlings and various vegetables. Unlike a greenhouse, which can reach a height of 3 m or more, in a greenhouse this parameter does not exceed 1.5 m. In addition, greenhouses are often equipped with artificial heating, and greenhouses are heated sunbeams and heat released during the oxidation of biofuels.

Sometimes tunnel shelters are singled out as a separate category of structures (as in the photo above), arguing that it is wrong to call them greenhouses. But we will not complicate the classification, and we will consider them as one of the varieties of greenhouses.

What to build a greenhouse from

Another difference between a greenhouse and a greenhouse is the ease of manufacture. - the matter is quite troublesome, it requires not only ingenuity, but also certain skills, and financial costs. But it is not difficult to equip a greenhouse even alone, using affordable and inexpensive materials for this.

As a greenhouse cover, as a rule, polyethylene film (plain or reinforced) or non-woven (lutrasil, spunbond) is used. Less commonly used cellular polycarbonate; in greenhouses made of window frames, glass is usually installed.

The base of the greenhouse (frame) can be various shapes: arched, triangular, "house" (like a miniature greenhouse) and so on. Polypropylene pipes, metal and fiberglass reinforcement, wooden blocks, window frames. Greenhouses are often stationary, but can also be installed as a temporary shelter for plants. Let's see how this looks in practice.

Simple arched greenhouse (tunnel shelter)

This building is probably familiar to every summer resident.

For arranging the simplest greenhouse, ready-made arcs made of bent polypropylene pipe, and ordinary polyethylene film stretched over them. The film, so that it is not torn off by the wind, must be pressed to the ground with bricks on both sides.

The bases of the arcs can be attached to wooden frame Or just stick it in the ground. Optimal Distance between arcs - 50 cm.

To give the structure greater rigidity, horizontal rails are used attached to the arcs, they do not allow them to deform and move. Sometimes vertical supports are additionally installed under the first and last arc, then the greenhouse keeps its shape perfectly all season. However, as you can clearly see in the photo above, you can successfully do without such additions.

Express greenhouse made of wooden gratings

If the construction of arcs and film seems too flimsy to you, you can use the experience described here in this publication:. Greenhouse for seedlings wooden gratings it is assembled as quickly as from arcs, but the structure is more rigid and stable.

A greenhouse made of wooden gratings is very easy to assemble. Photo by

The disadvantage of this design is that its height is quite small - it is only suitable for obtaining early greenery and seedlings.

Stationary wooden greenhouse

Even more durable, stable and reliable will be a stationary greenhouse, assembled from wooden bars and boards, for example, this one.

To build it, you will need minimal skills: any summer resident who is at least a little familiar with a saw and a hammer will master such a construction :) The shape and size of such a greenhouse are arbitrary - it all depends on the availability of space, materials, your building skills and the crops that are supposed to be in the greenhouse grow. An interesting option such a structure is presented here in this video:

Interesting mini-greenhouse idea, right?

Greenhouse with metal frame

If you want to build a greenhouse "for centuries", make a frame from steel pipes or corner. It can be welded (this is reliable, but it will not be possible to disassemble such a structure), but it can also be made collapsible.

Such a frame can be covered not only with a film, but also with cellular polycarbonate. A greenhouse made in this way is good for everyone: it can be quickly assembled and disassembled, it is easy to rearrange to another place in the garden, it does not take up much space during storage.

You can find a large ready-made greenhouses and accessories in our catalog, which contains offers from large online stores of seeds and planting material. .

Clips for fastening the film and covering material to the greenhouse frame d 20 mm, 10 pcs. 195 rub LOOK
seedspost.ru

Palisad Greenhouse-tunnel Palisad 5 arcs, 5m 40g/m 399 rub LOOK
OBI

Greenhouse set-agro successful-m 4 m ka5290 876 rub LOOK
All Tools

Cover with a zipper for a greenhouse Palisad SUF90 300x110cm 63922 1 088 RUB LOOK
Player.ru

The following options are not suitable for everyone, but I still decided to talk about them.

Greenhouse from old window frames

I propose to talk in more detail about how to build a greenhouse from frames. And for inspiration - here is such a wonderful photo :)

The design of this greenhouse is clear and without descriptions. We will build something more complicated with you - our greenhouse is suitable not only for seedlings, but also for growing tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers.

We will need:

• several window frames;
• a couple of long boards and not too thick logs or timber;
• old brick - for the foundation;
• self-tapping screws - for connecting frames to each other.

Let's decide on the dimensions:

• length: optimal length there is no greenhouse from window frames - it will depend on the size and number of these same frames. True, it does not make sense to arrange a greenhouse that is too long, since it is unlikely to be convenient to use;

• width and height: these parameters, as you already understood, will also depend on which frame size is used. Make sure they are the same size before starting assembly.

Work sequence:

1. We customize to right size boards and timber, coat them with mining (used automobile oil) or bituminous mastic.
2. We lay out bricks along the perimeter of the future greenhouse, put a beam directly on them.
3. From the inside, to the beam on the screws, we vertically fasten the boards; the distance between them should be slightly less than the width of the frames.
4. Above (by outside), to vertically fixed boards, we fasten more boards in such a way that the upper edge of the horizontally located board completely coincides with the ends of the vertical supports. Then we attach the rafters to the ends of the boards with a “house” (this shape of the roof is needed so that water flows normally from the greenhouse).
5. On the assembled frame from timber and boards with the same self-tapping screws we fasten window frames.

Advice: at least one of the frames in the greenhouse should open: to do this, “put” it on the hinges on one side, and fasten it with a hook on the other.

Place for a greenhouse

It is desirable to place a greenhouse on the site from east to west - only in this position will the shadows from the supports be minimized, and the rays of the sun will be able to illuminate the plants at an optimal angle.

At the same time, the place where it is planned to install a greenhouse should be fairly flat, not blown by the winds, well lit.

Greenhouse heating

Ideally, a constant temperature should be maintained inside the greenhouse. You can heat a greenhouse with:

• electricity: for this, heating wires are used, which are laid with a snake on the bottom of the greenhouse (previously it is covered with a layer of gravel 2 cm thick, on it - 3 cm of washed sand). From above, the wire is again covered with washed sand (a layer of 5 cm), and its ends are connected to a 220 V network. To protect the wire from accidental mechanical damage, it is necessary to lay a thin iron sheet on top of the sand, and then pour nutrient soil mixture on it. For me, to be honest, this method of heating greenhouses is not very cost-effective and quite exotic, but it's up to you;

• solar heating: with the simplest, most common and cheap way:) Advice: in order for the sun to heat the greenhouse well, try to always keep the glass or film in it clean;

• biofuels: it is the biological method of heating a greenhouse that is considered the most effective, while it is affordable and economical - after all, heat is released during the decomposition of ordinary manure, and it will not be difficult to fill a greenhouse with it.

The use of biofuels in the greenhouse

The side earthen walls of the greenhouse must be lined with insulating material (for example, foam), and on the bottom, before laying manure, lay dense layer straw, leaves or peat chips. The more used percentage) leaves, the lower the temperature inside the greenhouse will be. We make the stuffing itself, alternating layers of manure and leaves (a simple manipulation will help to keep the heat released during fermentation for as long as possible).

When packing, remember that the substrate settles over time, so the layer must be high enough. And one more thing: for stuffing, you can only use leaves good quality- not overripe. A layer of soil is poured into the greenhouse directly on the organic matter.

Using biofuel in a greenhouse, it is worth considering that manure is different and, accordingly, the methods of its laying differ:

• horse dung - best option biofuels used to heat greenhouses. Already a week after its laying, the temperature inside the greenhouse rises to +50 ... + 60 ° С. Moreover, it lasts for about 1.5-2 months, and then drops to + 20 ° C. Due to the allocation of such a large number heat, it is most advisable to use horse manure in early greenhouses - for seedlings;
• cow dung, of course, is slightly inferior to horse, because as a result of its decomposition, the temperature in the greenhouse only reaches +40 ... + 50 ° C, but it is also considered an excellent biofuel for heating a greenhouse. It “burns”, that is, it emits heat, for about two weeks, after which the temperature inside the greenhouse drops to + 20 ° C;
• pig manure in the process of decomposition, it releases even less heat than cow's - about +40 ... + 45 ° С, although the temperature in the greenhouse also lasts about 2 weeks;

Do you have a greenhouse in your country house? What did you build it from, how do you heat it, what do you grow in it?

As a rule, planting is done in the spring, but you need to take care of the conditions, in particular, we are talking about protection from low temperatures. Especially when it comes to vegetables.

Greenhouses and greenhouses do an excellent job with this task. How to make it from almost improvised materials and see below.

How is a greenhouse different from a greenhouse?

Before delving into the question of how to make a greenhouse, let's decide what is the difference between a greenhouse and a greenhouse:

• The greenhouse is used for growing seedlings and further planting in open beds, in the greenhouse, plants can be year-round;
• The required temperature level in the greenhouse is maintained due to the presence of compost or manure in the soil, while in the greenhouse there is an additional, third-party heating source;
• It is possible to grow trees in a greenhouse, but this cannot be done in a greenhouse.

What are greenhouses?

The greenhouse can be stationary, or portable type(a photo of a greenhouse in the country is presented below).

A stationary greenhouse can have all kinds of shapes, the most common model is a butterfly (it got its name due to the doors opening on both sides).

Portable more often in the form of a tunnel. The main material in both cases is a polymer film.

From all this it follows that it is quite possible to make a greenhouse with your own hands, it is the same creative process, as well as growing cucumbers, tomatoes, etc.

Material selection

Before considering how to make a greenhouse with your own hands, let's deal with the issue of choosing a material.

When choosing a material, it must be borne in mind that it must meet the following requirements:

• Good throughput Sveta;
• Resistance to various kinds deformations, with strong gusts of wind, for example;
• Easy to install and assemble the whole structure;
• Durability.

As for the materials used, the cheapest, and most importantly practical, is the film, and here are its types:

• polyethylene;
• stabilized film;
• polyvinyl chloride.

Covering materials include:

• agril;
• lutrasil.

In order to finally decide and understand which material is preferable, it is necessary to compare them, and consider the pros and cons of each.

Glass

The advantages of glass include: it transmits approximately 94% of the light, serves for a long time, retains heat.

By cons: it gets very hot in the summer, a strong load on the main frame.

Film

To the pluses this material can be attributed: low cost, low weight, no foundation needed.

Note!

By cons: fragility, difficult to wash.

Polycarbonate

Pros: transmits light well, high level thermal insulation, lightweight and durable.

What to use to make a frame for a greenhouse

The frame is a kind of basis for a greenhouse, most often it is made of wood or plastic, less often of metal pipes.

wooden frame

The main plus is its environmental friendliness. It is also worth noting that it is very simple in terms of installation.

For installation, you will need the following tools: hammer, screwdriver, saw, nails, rubber as a sealing element, wooden bars, ruler.

Note!

It is advisable to cover with drying oil before the installation process wooden elements future design.

Execution sequence

First of all, a beam is attached to the mortgage mount, which will then become the base. Then the main beam is placed around the perimeter of the foundation, and temporarily everything is fastened with nails.

Side and corner beams are fastened with a bar diagonally. door frame installed on the side rails. The cornice is attached to the top of the side and corner beams.

Roof

In the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe points where the vertical beams are fixed, it is necessary to remove a beam, the length of which is 2 m. The roof beams must be fixed at an angle equal to 30 degrees, they are connected to each other by a beam. In the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe end points, they must be supported by vertical guides.

Final fixing roof frame done with the help of corners and strips on self-tapping screws.

Note!

Doorway

The door frame is attached first. Do not forget in the middle and upper part of the opening is fixed with special stiffeners.

Application of metal pipes

A greenhouse, as mentioned above, can be made from metal pipes, and also with your own hands. This design is more durable.

You will need: a welding machine, a hammer, a grinder, a special nozzle for working with metal (disk).

The pipe is divided into two identical parts. Tees are welded to the edges of the base pipe, crosses are welded every half a meter. The cut off elements must be welded to the crosses.

Special tees are attached to the arc to secure the door pillar.

Covering the greenhouse

After the frame is ready, you can start covering.

Film

The easiest material to use is film. It is necessary to cover the entire structure, leaving a margin of 15 cm, and then cut off.

Polycarbonate

The front side of polycarbonate, the one where the picture is shown. First you need to cut the sheets. Seal the cuts from above with sealing tape, perforated from below.

First, polycarbonate is attached from above, then on the sides. Mounted on the frame with a special profile, as well as rubber gaskets.

At the end, a seal and door fittings are installed.

Ventilation

In greenhouses, in order to create ventilation (ventilation), you just need to open the doors, but it is advisable to do this in warm weather.

A greenhouse is an indispensable thing for a gardener who is going to collect in the future big harvest tomatoes, cucumbers and other vegetables, with a smart approach to design and following all the instructions, everything will definitely work out.

DIY greenhouse photo

Weather conditions do not always allow growing vegetable crops and flowers in open ground. Greenhouses and greenhouses are used for growing seedlings or for the full period of plant growth and fruit ripening.

1. They have a small height - no more than one and a half meters.
2. Lack of doors. The ability to access plants depends on the design of the greenhouse.
3. In greenhouses they often arrange artificial heating and lighting. Greenhouses are heated only by solar energy and compost.
4. Unlike greenhouses, greenhouses are not only stationary, but also portable.
5. Greenhouses, simple in design, are installed for the period of growing crops.
6. Greenhouses are not suitable for growing plants in winter. For these purposes, capital greenhouses are being built, which are equipped with lighting and heating.

Only experienced gardeners understand such subtleties. It really doesn't matter what you call a protective device for growing seedlings or heat-loving plants. On sale, some designs have a double name - a greenhouse-greenhouse.

Types of greenhouses and greenhouses

Many people first buy and install a greenhouse, and then think about its advantages and disadvantages. When choosing a design, have clear answers to such questions:

• what crops are you going to grow;
• the location of the greenhouse;
• the possibility of summing up the power point for the lighting device;
• heating method;
• how much you are willing to spend on the purchase and installation of facilities.

Structures for the protection of soil and plants differ in location, design, material for the frame, type of coating and internal structure.

1. According to the method of location, the greenhouses are adjoining, which are attached to a standing building and stand-alone. Adjacent structures are often called wall structures.

Advantages of adjoining greenhouses:

• required for construction less cost than on stand-alone ones;
• there are no problems when summing up electricity and water;
• the possibility of an exit device to the greenhouse from the house.

The disadvantages include the fact that it is not always possible to install a greenhouse on south side buildings and the need to create additional wall insulation from high humidity.

Advantages of stand-alone greenhouses:

• the possibility of choosing a form and design;
• optimal choice of location for installation;
• access to light from all directions.

The disadvantages include the complexity of summing up communications.

2. According to the construction method, greenhouses are capital and temporary. capital views greenhouses are installed on the foundation. The foundation is arranged along the perimeter of the greenhouse to the depth of soil freezing. Outside, the foundation is insulated with expanded clay or other heat-insulating material.

Temporary or portable greenhouses are convenient in that they can be installed elsewhere if you decide to change something on your site.

3. According to the height of the soil, there are two types of greenhouses - buried and ground.

For the construction of buried greenhouses, they dig a hole, cover the bottom with soil, and cover it with a film on top. In such greenhouses you can grow early seedlings due to the fact that the soil freezes less than with the usual, ground-based method of locating greenhouses. Mini-greenhouses are convenient for protecting plants in open ground.

4. According to the type of construction, greenhouses and greenhouses are divided into arched, polygonal, single-slope and gable. Single slope design it is mainly used in the construction of wall structures. Gable and arched structures are convenient, in which you can move to full height and plant plants in 2-3 rows.

5. Heating in greenhouses is possible in several types - electric, biological, water. The easiest and cheapest way to heat is a bucket of smoldering coals. When choosing a heating method, one should take into account what material the structure is covered with.

6. Plants are grown in the ground or in pots or boxes on racks. Racks are convenient for low-growing plants.

7. Plant nutrition can be soil or hydroponic. In the hydroponic method, plants are grown on aqueous solutions of substances necessary for crop growth. This method is not widely used among gardeners, it is used mainly when growing vegetables for sale and is not suitable for flowers.

What materials are used to make the frame

For the frame, wood, plastic and profile pipes, metal, fiberglass are used.

Coating for greenhouses and greenhouses

The choice of coating depends on the frame of the greenhouse.

1. Glass is used in wooden structures. It is used in permanent buildings or fixed in frames, from which a greenhouse is subsequently assembled. It is possible to use old window frames for the construction of a greenhouse. Due to the complexity of installation and the fragility of the material, glass is becoming an increasingly unpopular coating material.
2. Greenhouse film, plain or reinforced, is used to cover all types of structures and is the cheapest material. The disadvantage of the film short term services.
3. Most durable coating- cellular polycarbonate. Polycarbonate is not recommended for use for a frame made of pvc pipes. The incompatibility of the two types of plastic reduces the service life of the greenhouse to 3 years. Suitable option frame - from a galvanized profile or a shaped galvanized pipe.

Types of polycarbonate greenhouses

Polycarbonate greenhouses have a number of advantages.

1. Ease of installation.
2. High strength.
3. Light weight.
4. Provide good light transmission.
5. They have high thermal insulation characteristics.

The disadvantage is the high cost. Building a greenhouse with your own hands will cost you less than buying a finished one.

Greenhouses differ in shape, design, number and arrangement of hatches.

Butterfly greenhouse. The design allows for maximum access of light to plants in sunny weather.

Greenhouse-bread box (snail) has a very comfortable design.

Belgian greenhouse with pitched roof. The roof can be raised for ventilation or fully reclined.

What to consider when installing greenhouses and greenhouses

1. Choice of location. The greenhouse is installed with ends from north to south in place maximum illumination site.
2. Do not collect greenhouse with plastic coated at low temperatures. Optimum temperature to set 10-12º above zero.
3. When using a polycarbonate cover, choose an arched type of greenhouse construction. This type of construction will protect the coating from damage in the winter.
4. Buy high-quality polycarbonate with a thickness of at least 4 mm. In appearance, the plastic sheet should be transparent without any inclusions.
5. For installation, use fittings intended for the installation of polycarbonate - thermal washers, press washers, sealing tapes, end edging profiles, bead seals for sealing.
6. Install partitions in greenhouses where you plan to grow different cultures. This will help avoid cross-pollination of plants.

Greenhouse made of fiberglass fittings.

Building a greenhouse with your own hands.