Finishing a frame house: interior decoration. Possible options, their pros and cons. Where does the interior decoration of a frame house begin?

Frame construction is becoming more and more popular in our country. Today, it is no longer a secret that in terms of their main properties, buildings are in no way inferior to their log counterparts and meet all the requirements for modern housing:

they are warm enough
durable,
can be used for quite a long time
have good sound insulation
not subject to shrinkage.

Sheathing of a frame house can be made of various materials.

When deciding how to sheathe a frame house, it should be borne in mind that the main functions of the sheathing are:

home frame protection
additional strengthening of the walls of the house,
creating an attractive appearance of the facade,
design of the exterior of the building in the intended style.

Properly selected and properly mounted, the cladding will give the house a finished look, hide cosmetic wall defects (if any), and protect against aggressive influences. environment.

There are a lot of options for sheathing; a variety of shapes and materials are presented on the construction market. The choice, as a rule, is limited only by the preferences of the developer and his financial capabilities. In this article, we will consider all the main main types of cladding used in the design of the facades of a frame house.

Sheathing with wooden clapboard

Despite the fact that wooden paneling looks a little out of date, many people prefer it, because in comparison with others, wooden lining is the most environmentally friendly and vapor-permeable material. In addition, the installation itself wooden lining does not cause much difficulty.

One of the disadvantages of wood paneling is its fragility. In order for the lining to retain its aesthetically attractive appearance and to protect it from destruction, it is required to cover the wood with impregnation or paint it. Wood paneling needs regular maintenance.

The house is sheathed with wood-polymer clapboard

Also, the modern construction industry offers for finishing such material as moisture-resistant lining, external wood-polymer. It is more practical, as it is not subject to decay and does not require such private care as wood.

Timber imitation finish

Sheathing-frame-house-imitation-timber

The exterior cladding of the house can also be made of another wooden material - imitation of timber. This is good alternative lining, if you consider the latter a somewhat primitive and outdated finishing material.

Block house in sheathing on a frame house

A specially processed (hot) block house is quite durable, as it is not afraid of even sudden changes in temperature.

Siding for a frame house

- one of modern materials for the outer skin of a frame house, which is now becoming more and more popular. It consists of separate panels that are fastened together with latches. Siding is used in the design of facades not only of private houses, but also office buildings, and entertainment centers, etc.

Although the main function is to decorate and protect the facade of the house, it also serves as an additional element to strengthen the frame structure.

Siding fastening is built on the principle of the same sheathing board. Each panel has a snap lock and a perforated edge for nails.

Siding varies in size: length 2-6 m, width 10-30 cm, thickness up to 1 cm.

The profile of the panels can be made with a single ("herringbone") and double fracture ("ship plank"). This characteristic is purely aesthetic, it does not affect the basic functions of the material.

For the manufacture of siding, various materials are used: ceramics, steel, wood, aluminum, etc. The appearance of the siding is quite neat. If we add to this such indicators as strength and durability (the coating does not change its original form up to 10 years), then the popularity that this material enjoys in modern construction becomes clear.

Regardless of what material was used in the manufacture, outside on the panel

Attaching siding to decking

a polymer coating or paint is applied to protect them from corrosion.

Siding is extremely easy to care for: it is easy to clean and does not require the application of any protective compounds (paints, impregnations, etc.). It is also completely safe and environmentally friendly.

Fasten the siding to the crate (wood or metal), during facing works the building can also be insulated.

Long gone are the days when wood was considered the warmest material for decoration. To avoid heat transfer through wooden walls, their thickness should be at least 5.5 cm.

As a rule, the frame of the house is built from wood, but sometimes they resort to using metal base which only exacerbates the problem.

It is the decoration of the house outside, in addition to external attractiveness, that also wears technological function– insulates wood or metal carcass, which in itself is a cold post.

Varieties of exterior finishes

Construction of a frame house

As they say experienced craftsmen, there are no restrictions when choosing a material for decorating a house outside, but there are some subtleties in the work, which we will tell you about a little later.

To date, the sheathing of a frame house is possible from the following materials:

bricks;
wood;
vinyl siding;
thermal panels, etc.

Also popular is plastering and decorating walls with paints and varnishes from the outside, or applying a polymer coating.

It is necessary to decide which material is better to choose at the stage of creating a construction project, since certain works will need to be done when creating the foundation.

Brick house decoration

Finishing a frame house with bricks

Well, have you decided how to sheathe a frame house? If a exterior finish planned from brick, one of the possible options is to finish the house with natural brick blocks. Important requirement is the gap between the surface of the building and inside brickwork should be about 50 mm. If there is no such gap, in cold weather, condensate will accumulate from the inside, which will accelerate the process of material destruction. Such a detrimental effect will not bypass other materials, in most cases, which are OSB or plywood.

Wood when facing a frame house

We sheathe the walls of the frame house with wood

It's no news to anyone that the right exterior finish of a building with wood materials can make a building attractive.

If the wood beam is completely dried and treated with special impregnations, it can be attached directly to the rack of the building frame from the inside to the insulation, and also fixed with clamps or self-tapping screws after insulation material.

Not forgetting that wood creates an excellent bridge of cold, it is possible to finish a house in this way if a double frame is erected, in which the racks are shifted relative to each other.

More to decorate the house wooden material outside it is possible along the crate with a recess for ventilation. But, remember that such a facade needs constant care, which requires modern coloring materials and special impregnations. And, I would also like to note that the tree can crack somewhere, from the impact sun rays gaps at the joints of the canvases may increase - get ready for this.

Please note that today the construction market is simply crowded composite materials, which help to simulate the wood structure. Them distinguishing feature is that such a material does not have the disadvantages that wood is known for. But, you can be sure of this if you decide to shell out a tidy sum from your family budget for their purchase.

Finishing with siding

Sheathing a frame house with siding

Siding is the best available material for finishing the structure of the frame type from the outside. If your building is framed with OSB or plywood, the siding can be mounted directly on these materials, you will not need additional decoration and finishing.

Siding strips practically do not change their dimensions, neither when exposed to sunlight, nor when low temperatures. Also, the profiles are able to protect the finish from moisture, and you do not have to additionally rack your brains over the appearance of the house. I would also like to say that the profiles can be easily screwed in with self-tapping screws, which allows for high-quality and durable installation.

If you purchase a column-beam siding option for sheathing, you will save yourself from using additional OSB outer sheathing and will be able to mount the profile directly to the frame rack.

To keep the heat in the house, it is better to fix the siding profiles on a remote vertical rail, which is screwed to the horizontal crate with a slight shift in relation to the main beam. In such work, remember that there must be a heat-insulating material of increased thermal insulation on the outside of the surface in order to prevent condensation at the junction of materials.

The finish produced in this way makes the building more maintainable than the use of similar materials.

Note that you can sheathe a house not only plastic siding. For such work, you can pick up materials from metal, but such a finish is usually used to decorate non-residential premises.

A comparative table of the advantages and disadvantages of wood and siding is given below.

Home decoration with thermal panels

We pour the walls of the frame house with thermal panels

Today, thermal panels can be seen absolutely in in a variety of ways which differ from each other:

in appearance;
fastener technology.

The only point that unites all varieties is the presence of insulating material and exterior decoration.

The outer layer can be pre-painted or paints can be applied after installation work and filling gaps and seams.

The use of thermal panels in exterior finishes helps to insulate the building frame. For high-quality work, it is better to glue the panels on a polyurethane adhesive mass or mounting foam, which is able to fill the entire surface area that is in contact with the wall as much as possible.

Plastering work

Plaster work on the walls of a frame house

If the conversation comes about plastering the frame of the house, first of all we are talking about the fact that it is required to plaster the OSB. I would like to note that such a design is made as a temporary finish and requires some kind of logical conclusion.

If, nevertheless, you decide on such a finish, you should not spend precious time, effort and finances gluing the sickle and filling it with an elastic sealant. Apply primer immediately deep penetration, fix (using a stapler) alkali-resistant mesh and plaster. For such work, it is worth choosing a special plaster mass of increased elasticity, which is designed specifically for covering OSB.

After the done manipulations, the surface must be painted or covered with decorative plaster. You can also decorate the seams with a decorative rail. If none of the above is done, get ready for the appearance of cracks.

Other methods of exterior finishing

Finishing the walls of a frame house

At the level with the use of plaster there is a thin layer coating, which consists in applying paint or using polymer materials with powder of fine fraction of stone or without its use.

As paintwork material it is worth choosing tools that are designed for work on OSB. Today, such materials are presented in a wide variety, to which, in addition, instructions for the technology of performing work are attached - you do not have to experiment.

Such substances are made on an acrylate or polyurethane basis.

Acrylate masses are not so resistant to prolonged exposure to moisture and require additional water-repellent treatment. The filler in such a substance is fine quartz. To apply an acrylate composition to the surface, it is worth using a Hopper gun.

The exterior finish of a frame house can be made of various materials, so when choosing a certain type of product, it is worth learning about their features. Some materials can be fixed on your own, while others will have to be hired for installation. professional builders. To exterior finish frame house was admired, it is necessary to choose the right finishing materials suitable for the design style you have chosen.

Finishes

It is impossible to leave a frame house without finishing, so you will have to choose the material in any case. The most common include:

Hanging structures. Thanks to such products, it is possible to additionally insulate the building from the outside if it is located in a region with a continental climate. When choosing this method of finishing, you can use metal, brick, stone and other materials.
Plaster. Such compositions can have different shades, so if you wish, you can decorate the house in any style.
Front brick. When choosing this material, it should be borne in mind that the weight of the house increases significantly. That is why choosing a material for external design The building is at the design stage.
Siding. This material low cost and long service life.
PVC panels. Such products can imitate bricks, boards and other materials. If the exterior finish of the frame house is made with my own hands, it is necessary to constantly check the location of each element of the skin.
Panels based on polyurethane. This material allows not only to change appearance buildings, but also to insulate the facade.
Facade tiles. This material is fixed with glue or with the help of special fasteners for tiles.
Block house. The specified sheathing material is created on the basis of wood and gives the houses a natural look.

When choosing any material, it is important to purchase only reliable products. Sheathing of the house must be done correctly without cracks and gaps. It is best to entrust the work to professional builders. In this case, the finishing of the frame house from the outside will be done with high quality and in a shorter time than when creating the cladding with your own hands.

Mounted structures

Mounted finishing structures have many advantages over other types similar materials. If desired, you can completely change the appearance of the house by fixing the appropriate panels. The frame for fixing finishing materials is most often created from metal. At the same time, a space is set aside between the finish and the wall in which insulation can be placed. Usually mineral wool is used.

It should be noted that the use of suspended structures can improve the sound insulation of the structure, making the house more comfortable. The described structures can be divided into ventilated and non-ventilated. Products of the second type are fixed easier, so many owners choose them country houses. It is also important to consider that the interior decoration of the frame house should be combined with the chosen material.

Wet cladding

Most often wet lining wooden house produce with additional insulation. For this, foam boards are used. At the time of purchase, you only need to choose plates for exterior decoration. Such foam is called facade and has the letter f in the marking.

Extruded polystyrene foam should only be used to insulate the basement of the building. This is due to the fact that such material is more rigid and does not absorb moisture. Styrofoam gluing occurs joint to joint. In order for the primer to fix on the surface more reliably, it is necessary to process the plates with sandpaper.

After fixing the foam, a special glue is applied to its surface, into which a fiberglass mesh is embedded. After that, the surface is covered with a quartz primer. This composition contains sand filler. Only after carrying out the described work can the plaster be applied.

Compositions for fine finish frame house facades are divided into acrylic, silicone, mineral and silicate.

facade brick

The described material can be divided by composition and shade. For exterior decoration, such types of this material are most often used, such as:

silicate brick;
ceramic;
hyperpressed.

Silicate brick has a low cost, and ceramic is more beautiful material. Bricks are divided into solid and hollow. Products of the second type retain heat better. That is why they are chosen by many owners of frame buildings.

It is not worth laying this material in winter time, because at sub-zero temperature the solution freezes and the masonry becomes more fragile. Before finishing works needs to be accurately calculated. right amount material. Lots of bricks may have different shade, which will adversely affect the appearance of the structure. To make the color of the masonry more uniform, you can treat the walls with 10% sulfuric acid.

If the exterior finishes are done correctly, the house will look like a building built entirely of bricks. It is also important to choose a shade roofing material to match the color of the brick.

Siding and PVC panels

One of the cheapest ways to finish is to use siding and PVC panels. The siding is not damaged by precipitation and can be used long time. The material is not susceptible to fungus. Siding is not required. special care. You can use a garden hose to clean the surface of dirt. By choosing the right shade, you can beautifully decorate your own home.

The siding is light in weight, therefore it does not create additional load on the walls. Often frame houses get off PVC panels under the stone. The material washes well and can be used to protect the basement of the building.

Siding is usually fixed to a frame, thanks to which it is possible to fix insulation on the wall and create a ventilation gap. This helps to remove excess moisture.

Thermal panels with clinker tiles

For sheathing a frame house, many use thermal panels. They not only decorate the wall, but also contribute to the preservation of heat in the house. Panels are fixed seamlessly. Many owners of suburban areas for the design of a frame house choose clinker tiles, as it is not subject to abrasion and mold deformation.

Fixing the material on the walls is as follows:

First, the geometry of the structure is reconciled. All walls of the house should be perfectly flat, and the corners should be 90 degrees. If there is even a slight deviation, it is necessary to create a crate for the entire structure.
Mounting plinth profile. At this stage, consolidation aluminum profile in the horizontal direction. During the work it is necessary to use the building level.
After that, the corner thermal panels are fixed.
At the next stage, the panels are installed over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe facade. For this, dowels or self-tapping screws are used.
Then you need to seal the panels, filling the gaps between the panels. Seams are treated with grout, which is resistant to low temperatures.

Choosing this method of finishing, you need to be prepared to spend a lot of money, since the material is very expensive. You will also have to spend money on the services of builders.

Using tiles for brick, stone and other materials

When using tiles, you can not only modify the structure, but also protect it from exposure external factors. Fastening should be carried out on the crate in such a way that there is a gap between the finishing material and the wall. It is important to press the tiles tightly against each other, because if there is even a small gap through the tiles on wooden walls moisture can get in. The tiles are fixed with glue.

The described material has the following advantages:

A wide variety of shapes and colors. Thanks to this, if desired, you can decorate your own frame house in an original way.
Ease of installation. Even if you hire professional builders, the cost of the work will not be high, since the fixing of the tiles occurs quickly enough.
The lightness of the tiles. Since the material is light in weight, strengthening the foundation of the house is not required.
Protection of the walls of the frame house from moisture and condensation.
Environmental friendliness.
Attractive appearance. Tiles allow you to create a design that is difficult to distinguish from finishing with expensive varieties of stone.

When deformations appear, the tiles are easy to replace. To do this, you just need to remove the damaged products, fixing new ones in their place.

Using a block house

If you want to decorate the building as a house made of timber, you should use a block house. This material is a part of rounded logs with a flat surface. It is with this side that the material is fixed on the wall, so that after finishing work it seems that the house is built of logs.

In addition, the block house has other advantages:

Environmental protection. Material covered special formulations, which allow you to extend the life of the wood.
The ability to insulate and fix soundproof material. Mineral wool is often placed under the finish.
Fixing the described products can be done by hand. It is not necessary to hire professional builders to carry out the work. But it should be remembered that in order to eliminate errors, it is important to work with an assistant.
The possibility of replacing each element of the frame house decoration.

By purchasing a block house, you can greatly modify the structure, making it look like luxury cottages. When choosing a material, it is important to remember that the interior decoration of a frame house must match its external design.

The frame building has a small mass, and therefore the foundation for such a house can be made of a lightweight type. But if the developer has a desire to eventually sheathe the cottage with weighted materials such as tiles, then it is worth calculating bearing capacity basis at the design stage. Otherwise, the finished house will collapse over time. If de you have not yet made a final decision and still do not know how to sheathe a frame house from the outside, then we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the most popular materials for facing a frame house from the outside. realizing technical features each of the types of materials, it will be possible to create a finishing picture finished house and subsequently get excellent results from the work done.

Requirements for sheathing a frame house

If you don’t know how to finish a frame house and still choose the type of cladding, then it’s worth considering that the cladding must perform not only a decorative function, but also meet the following technological requirements:

Resistant to burning and resistant to fading under direct sunlight.
inertness to a large number moisture in the form of rain, snow, frost. In addition, it is worth noting here that the material must be inert to decay.
Additional thermal insulation properties cladding will qualitatively enhance the thermal protection of the walls of the frame house.
The resistance of the material to temperature changes will help to avoid cracking of the skin under the influence of repeated freezing-freezing cycles.
Also, the resistance of the cladding to mechanical stress will be useful.

If, when choosing a material for cladding a frame building, all of the listed characteristics are inherent in the cladding, then the frame house will be reliable and durable.

Types of materials for facing a frame cottage

Wood

The most environmentally friendly and natural material designed to clad buildings. The breathability of the material allows for optimal microcirculation air masses in a cottage. From here excessive moisture and the development of mold fungus on the walls of the house will be completely excluded. In addition, the tree has a low thermal conductivity, which means that the frame cottage will remain warm.

As wood material can be used wood siding, lining, block house or sheathing of a frame house with imitation of timber. The first type of material is long narrow panels with perforation along one of the edges. The second side of the long edge has a convex edge that covers the attachment points of the previous plank. As a result, we get an even, beautiful wood coating around the entire perimeter of the walls.

Tip: so that the finish lining does not dry out and does not change the linear parameters, it is recommended to choose a thoroughly dried material. And to protect it from moisture, it is necessary to additionally treat the siding with varnish.

The lining is thin boards, dried and brought to ideal parameters. The lining is equipped with spikes and ridges for more reliable adhesion to each other in a single canvas. Installation of lining is simple and even a novice master can handle it. Such wooden panels meet all the technical characteristics of a natural material.
Imitation of timber. Lumber imitating glued or profiled timber is made of high-quality and dried wood. After assembling such a sheathing, a beautiful “bar” house is obtained. It is important that high-quality imitation of timber is not afraid of moisture and does not shrink under the influence of sunlight.
The block house is a panel in the form of a cut of rounded logs. That is, one side of the panel is flat, and the other is convex. With such a sheathing, the house turns out to be similar to a log hut, which looks very colorful. For all positive properties block house wood is prone to a short service life (about 20 years) and burning. Therefore, answering the question of how to sheathe a house with a block house, we note that the lining will have to be additionally treated with antiseptics and flame retardants.

Siding

If you choose how to sheathe a frame house, then take a closer look at the siding. Such panels are very easy to install and meet all the declared technical characteristics in order to finish both a block and a frame house. Especially popular is vinyl siding, which has a cellular structure. Hollow cells act as an additional insulation, which has a positive effect on the durability of the house. In addition, vinyl siding does not fade in the sun, is resistant to moisture and decay. In addition, I would like to say that siding panels are easy to maintain. It is enough to wipe them with a damp cloth.

Important: metal siding is less often used for cladding a frame house, since steel panels are heavy for a lightweight foundation of a frame building. In addition, metal siding emits a kind of cacophony in the rain, which is unlikely to please the residents of the house.

Facade tiles

Such material is designed to beautifully veneer a frame house. Due to the fact that clay, sand and glaze are part of the facade tiles, such sheathing can be attributed to an environmentally friendly material. The tile is resistant to moisture, fire and fungus. In addition, a house lined with such material continues to breathe. And this is important to maintain optimal microclimate in the premises of the frame house. The disadvantages of facade tiles can be considered the high cost of the material and the difficulty in laying it.

facade panels

A relatively new material for wall cladding. The dimensions of the panels allow the cladding to be done quickly and efficiently without the use of sophisticated equipment and wet mortars. The advantage of this cladding is that the panels imitate stone, brickwork, timber or log structure, and can also be simply mounted for painting. There are such types of panels:

Vinyl. Reminds me of vinyl siding. This lining is light, not afraid of water and is not subject to combustion. PVC panels can be mounted both in a homogeneous version, and as a combination for the basement and walls of the house. The result will be beautiful and durable. Such a skin is good to use especially for wooden houses. Because vinyl does not allow insects to settle and breed in wood. Term pvc service panels for the facade is an average of 50 years.
Fiber cement panels. Such sheathing is made of cement with the inclusion of fibers of coal rocks and fiberglass. As a result, the panels are light, but very durable. Such a sheathing for the house is resistant to mechanical stress and temperature extremes. The disadvantage of this material is its hygroscopicity. That is, fiber cement panels are able to absorb moisture. But in order to protect the skin from the effects of water, they now began to apply stone chips or acrylic compound. In this case, a special protective layer will be formed on the surface of the cladding.

Important: the installation of fiber cement panels can be performed at any time of the year. The main requirement is dry weather.

metal panels. Such a finishing material also imitates stone, wood, brick, etc. The panels are made of galvanized steel or aluminum, a special acrylic layer is applied over the material. As a result, the panels are beautiful, easy to care for and do not fade in the sun. In addition, such a protective layer prevents corrosion of the metal. The disadvantages of metal panels are low heat and sound insulation. Therefore, metal panels are mounted on top of the insulation.

Classification of facade panels

All facade panels can be divided into groups according to the type of skin structure. There are such options:

Single layer panel. It is made from a layer of a certain material and is used as private or industrial buildings on top of an insulating cake. The main advantage of this material is its lightness. Facing a house with such plates is easy even for an inexperienced master.
Double layer panel. Contains an insulating layer in its structure. When using such material, you can refuse unnecessary labor costs for the installation of a warming cake. That is, the panels play a role not only decorative finishes, but also immediately a heater.
Three-layer panels. Such outer material is a ready-made sandwich sheathing that can be mounted on the frame of the house. At the same time, several works are carried out at once - the installation of the walls of the house, their insulation and cladding. The cost of such a skin is many times higher than all the others.

Wall cladding is one of the final stages in the construction of a frame house. And here great value has a choice of material: the microclimate in the premises, the mechanical strength of the walls, the reliability of protection against moisture and cold depend on this. In addition, sheathing serves as the basis for finishing materials, and in some cases acts as a finishing coating and is responsible for the aesthetic appearance of the building.

Sheathing gives the frame of the structure a certain rigidity and takes on part of the load. This means that one of the main criteria is the mechanical strength of the material in bending and compression, the absence of shrinkage during operation. The walls must keep original shape years, regardless of environmental conditions. In addition, the sheathing must be resistant to moisture, sudden changes in temperature, and the effects of microorganisms.

Next, you need to pay attention to the ease of installation of the material and its ductility during processing. If you plan to sheathe it yourself, this aspect has great importance, because it depends on him how much time and effort it takes to work. The material should be easy to cut and drill, but at the same time keep the density on the cuts, not crumble, not crack. And, of course, it must be durable so that you do not have to change the skin every 10-15 years.

Material selection

There are several types of materials that more or less meet specified requirements: moisture resistant plywood, DSP, OSB, edged board, fiberboard. They have similar characteristics and are widely used in frame construction. To make a choice, it is worth familiarizing yourself with the main properties and features of each of them.

Oriented Strand Board (OSB)

OSB panels rightfully belong to the most demanded materials in the arrangement frame structures. They are made up of layers of glued wood chips and chips, and in the outer layers the fibers are located longitudinally, inside - transversely. Synthetic resins and wax are used to bond the chips, giving finished slabs water repellent properties.

Standard production provides for the production of these plates in several categories:

OSB-1 is intended exclusively for interior decoration of dry rooms with reduced mechanical stress;
OSB-2 is used during installation load-bearing structures in rooms with low humidity;
OSB-3 is moisture resistant boards increased rigidity, used in the installation of load-bearing structures inside and outside the premises.

In terms of quality-functionality-price, OSB-3 is the most optimal, and this material is widely used in private construction for wall cladding, the manufacture of load-bearing partitions, and reusable formwork during pouring. concrete structures. The plates lend themselves perfectly to grinding, cutting, drilling, tightly hold nails even at a distance of 6 mm from the edge. Such sheathing can simultaneously serve as a decorative coating for walls, it is enough just to treat it with waterproof varnish or paint it.

OSB Advantages:

dense structure prevents delamination and splitting of the material during processing and during operation;
plates have elasticity and high strength, perfectly resist vibrations, compressive loads, various deformations;
the material is resistant to weathering and temperature extremes;
OSB is resistant to microorganisms, insects and rodents do not like it.

Disadvantages:

very low vapor permeability;
combustibility;
the content of toxic compounds (phenol and formaldehyde).

Main characteristics

Cement particle boards (DSP)

This material is a compressed mass of M500 cement and chips (usually conifers). A standard plate has three layers: the outer ones are made of small chips, the inner one is made of large chips. In addition to the main components, the composition contains hydration additives, mass fraction which does not exceed 3%. DSP is characterized by resistance to moisture, high strength, long service life. Plates are widely used in private construction, industrial, for work inside and outside the premises.

When sheathing the frame, such plates serve as an excellent basis for cladding, decorative plaster, painting, because they form a perfectly smooth and smooth surface. The material endures 50 cycles of complete freezing and thawing without loss of its characteristics; in the future, the strength of the plates decreases by about 10%. Among wood-based materials, DSP is the leader in terms of environmental and technical indicators.

Advantages:

very low hygroscopicity;
resistance to mold and other microorganisms;
DSPs are not damaged by insects and rodents;
the material does not emit toxic substances;
low thermal conductivity;
Fire safety.

Disadvantages:

mechanical processing of plates requires considerable effort;
DSP has a large weight compared to other materials;
when cutting and drilling plates, a lot of fine dust is formed, so you need to work in a respirator;
high price.

Specifications

Fibreboard (Fibreboard)

The material is sheets of pressed shavings, usually softwood. During the pressing process, the raw material is strongly heated, which makes it possible to achieve maximum density without the use of adhesives. Due to this, fiberboard is environmentally friendly. clean materials, and therefore suitable for outdoor use, and for finishing residential premises. The shavings contain natural resin, which acts as an antiseptic and protects the plates from mold.

In terms of strength, fiberboard is noticeably inferior to natural lining and OSB, but it surpasses them in terms of heat and sound insulation properties.

Windproof plate "Beltermo"

Now in the construction market fiberboards are represented by insulating boards of several famous brands, the most popular of which are "Beltermo" and "Izoplat". For sheathing a frame house, plates with a thickness of at least 25 mm are used, thinner sheets are used indoors.

Advantages:

light weight;
low thermal conductivity;
ease of installation;
the material does not exfoliate and does not crumble;
high vapor permeability;
resistance to moisture and microbial attack;
absence harmful substances in composition.

Disadvantages:

high price;
a long stay without a decorative finish causes slight deformation of the sheets;
the outer skin of fiberboard requires the presence of spacer braces in the frame or a rigid inner skin.

Specifications

Gypsum fiber sheets (GVL)

GVL consists of pressed gypsum reinforced with cellulose fibers. Thanks to high strength the material is suitable for creating load-bearing surfaces, therefore it is widely used in frame construction. It differs from drywall in greater density, uniformity, and the absence of a cardboard shell. In terms of frost resistance, soundproofing properties, as well as resistance to moisture and combustion, GVL also exceeds gypsum boards by several times.

Installation of GVL is carried out in a frame and frameless way. For external wall cladding, the first option is used, where the sheets are fastened to the bearing racks with self-tapping screws. The material is easy to cut and drill, and, despite its heavy weight, is quite easy to install. Such a sheathing serves as an excellent basis for finishing with tiles and decorative plaster.

Advantages:

low hygroscopicity;
vapor permeability;
the absence of toxic compounds in the composition;
fire safety;
high heat and soundproof properties.

Disadvantages:

lack of plasticity and brittleness when bending the sheet;
great weight.

Specifications

Plywood

Plywood is made by gluing thin sheets of veneer of various types of wood (most often coniferous and birch). Sheets are stacked perpendicular to each other relative to the location of the fibers, which contributes to an increase in mechanical strength material and increase resistance to deformation. For exterior cladding frame walls plywood of increased moisture resistance is used, which has the FSF marking. The thickness of the sheets should be from 9-10 mm, more thin material will not provide the necessary rigidity to the frame.

Plywood grade special significance does not have for sheathing, and the cheapest unsanded 4/4 grade slabs can be used.

With outer side all defects will be hidden under hinged facade so there is no point in paying more. Subject to the sheathing technology, the plywood coating will serve for years without losing its qualities.

Advantages:

high flexural and compressive strength;
moisture resistance;
wear resistance;
ease of processing and installation;
frost resistance.

Disadvantages:

combustibility;
content of formaldehyde resins;
tendency to chipping.

Specifications

Edged board

Application edged board for sheathing is the most economical option. Wood is an environmentally friendly material, affordable, easy to install. Boards can be filled not only horizontally, but also at an angle of 45-60 degrees. To save material, boards can be fastened in increments of up to 30 cm, although most often the sheathing is made solid. This design perfectly strengthens the frame and is a ready-made base for a ventilated facade.

In order for the sheathing to be reliable, the boards are chosen with a thickness of at least 25 mm, they can be tongue-and-groove, for greater docking density. Do not use raw lumber: in the process of drying, the wood will begin to warp, deformations of the finish coating may appear.

Advantages:

wood does not emit harmful substances and has excellent vapor permeability;
boards are easy to process;
work does not require large financial costs.

Disadvantages:

combustibility of the material;
wood is susceptible to damage by insects and microorganisms;
fitting and fixing elements takes a lot of time.

Cladding technology

Installation of plates on finished frame carried out using the same technology, regardless of the type of material. Simultaneously with the cladding, vapor barrier and wall insulation are carried out, and finishing can be carried out immediately upon completion of construction or after some time. Consider the installation technology using the example of frame sheathing with OSB boards.

Sheathing can be done in two ways - with and without crate. In the first case, the vapor barrier layer is located between the frame and the OSB, in the second - on top of the skin. The batten option is used in cases where the OSB serves as the basis for plastering, painting or tiling, the second method is used, as a rule, when installing a ventilated facade. Otherwise, there are no significant differences.

Step 1. Start trimming from the very corner. The first sheet of OSB is applied to the racks of the frame so that the lower edge completely overlaps the lower trim of the house. Be sure to control the horizontal level. The plate itself is also recommended to be placed horizontally, and not vertically - this provides the structure with greater rigidity. For fixing the material, galvanized self-tapping screws with a length of at least 50 mm are used. About 10 mm must be retreated from the edge of the OSB, the fastening step along the perimeter of the sheet is 15 cm, in the center - 30 cm.

Advice. For strong fixation of the plates, the length of the hardware must exceed the thickness of the OSB by at least 2.5 times. If the self-tapping screw enters the frame beam by less than 30 mm, under the influence of loads, the sheathing will begin to break away from the supporting base.

Step 2 The next plate is installed next to the first, leaving a gap of 2-3 mm for thermal expansion. In the same way, they set the horizontal level, screw the sheathing to the frame guides. The joints of the plates must necessarily fall in the middle of the rack, only in this case the fastening will be as reliable as possible. Perform the fixation of the remaining plates in a circle, leaving open areas for doorways.

Step 3 The second row of sheathing must be mounted with dressing of vertical seams. Between the lower and upper plates, the same gap of 2-3 mm is observed. When sheathing openings, whole sheets should be used, and not trimmings - the fewer joints, the tighter the sheathing. Cutouts in the sheets are made with a jigsaw or circular saw, having made pre-marking with an accuracy of a millimeter. The edges of the cuts after the installation of the slab must ideally coincide with the lines of the openings.

Step 4 The top plates are installed so as to completely cover the top trim. If the house has two floors, the interfloor piping should be closed by the middle of the slab - in no case can the OSB be joined on this line.

Gallery 1. An example of the construction of a one-story frame house with OSB trim

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